condition state Flags and associated functions usable by any of the stream classes that indicate whether a given stream is usable.
file mode Flags defined by the fstream
classes that are specified when opening a file and control how a file can be used.
file stream Stream object that reads or writes a named file. In addition to the normal iostream
operations, file streams also define open
and close
members. The open
member takes a string
or a C-style character string that names the file to open and an optional open mode argument. The close
member closes the file to which the stream is attached. It must be called before another file can be open
ed.
fstream File stream that reads and writes to the same file. By default fstream
s are opened with in
and out
mode set.
ifstream File stream that reads an input file. By default ifstream
s are opened with in
mode set.
inheritance Programming feature that lets a type inherit the interface of another type. The ifstream
and istringstream
classes inherit from istream
and the ofstream
and ostringstream
classes inherit from ostream
. Chapter 15 covers inheritance.
istringstream String stream that reads a given string
.
ofstream File stream that writes to an output file. By default, ofstream
s are opened with out
mode set.
ostringstream String stream that writes to a given string
.
string stream Stream object that reads or writes a string
. In addition to the normal iostream
operations, string streams define an overloaded member named str
. Calling str
with no arguments returns the string
to which the string stream is attached. Calling it with a string
attaches the string stream to a copy of that string
.
stringstream String stream that reads and writes to a given string
.