Daily unloading rate variable, 476

Dantzig, George D., 239

Data Analysis add-in, 11, 122

Data envelopment analysis (DEA), 309

Day, Jason, 486

Decision analysis utility theory, 86–91

Decision making

• automating process, 2

• centralized system, 191

• under certainty, 65–69

• decision trees, 77–82

• group, 148

• and minimization, 73–75

• model, 64, 148

• probability concepts and, 26–27

• under risk, 65, 69–75

• six stpng in, 63–65

• types of, 65

• under uncertainty, 65, 66–69, 90

• utility criterion, 88–91

Decision nodes, 77

Decision points, 77

Decisions, good and bad, 63

Decision table, 64, 65

Decision theory, 63

• alternatives, 64, 65, 78

• analyzing problems, 75–77

• conditional probabilities, 78

• decision making, 82

• decision trees, 3, 77–82

• expected monetary value (EMV), 69–70, 79–81

• expected value of sample information (EVSI), 81–82

• and Ford Motor Company, 63, 69

• lottery ticket, 86

• models, 64, 65

• possible outcomes and alternatives, 64, 65, 78–81

• posterior probabilities, 78

• sample information efficiency, 82

• sensitivity analysis, 72–73

• sequential decisions, 78–82

• state-of-nature nodes, 77

Decision tree analysis, 77–82

• five stpng of, 77

Decision variables, 4, 241, 328, 472. See also Controllable variables

Decomposition method, 167–170

• software for, 170

Decoupling function, 186

Defects and control charts, 539–540

Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC), 534

Degrees of freedom, 44–46

Delivery lag, 472

Delivery time, 194

Delphi method, 23, 148

Demand, 190, 320, 323

• dependent, 214–219

• fluctuating, 155, 205, 472

• inventory, 189

• inventory modeling, 13–14

• irregular, 187

• lead time, 205–206

• single time period, 209–214

Demand constraints, 320

Deming, W. Edwards, 530

Department of Agriculture, operations research, 12

Department of Commerce finite population model, 444–445

Dependent demand, 214–219

Dependent events, 26

Dependent selections and 0–1 (binary) variables, 365

Dependent variables, 111, 113, 128

Descriptive analytics, 2, 3

Deseasonalized data, 165

Destinations, 320, 322, 327, 330

Deterministic assumptions, 264

Deterministic models, 9

Deviation, 114, 115, 151. See also Errors, forecast

Deviational variables, 369

Diet problem, 239, 305–306

Direct measurement, 5

Disaster response research, 5

Discrete distributions, 210

Discrete probability distribution, 32–34

Discrete random variables, 31, 32

Disney World forecasting, 175

“Distribution of a Product from Several Sources to Numerous Locations, The” (Hitchcock), 324

Divisibility assumption, 238, 239

DMEP. See Dual Mode Equipment Procedure (DMEP)

Dodge, H. F., 530

Drawing cards, 26

Drexel Corp., 295

Dual Mode Equipment Procedure (DMEP), 470

Dual price, 270

Dummy variables. See Binary variables

DuPont, 388

Dynamic Car-Planning (DCP) system, 7