Babbage, Charles 13

back member function of queue 693

back member function of sequence containers 674

back_inserter function template 734, 736

backslash () 48, 985

backslash escape sequence (\) 48

backward pointer 814

backward traversal 886

bad member function 603

bad_alloc exception 674, 769, 770, 776

bad_cast exception 776

bad_typeid exception 776

badbit of a stream 601, 603, 619

balanced tree 830

bandwidth 35

Bank account program 637

banker’s rounding 179, 209

banking system 628

bar chart 206, 291

bar chart printing program 291

bar of asterisks 291

base 2 905

base case(s) 254, 259, 261

base class 498, 501

• pointer (or reference type) 800

base-class catch 776

base-class constructor 524

base-class exception 775

base-class member accessibility in derived class 526

base-class pointer to a derived-class object 546

base-class private member 515

base e 215

base specified for a stream 597

base-10 number system 215, 593

base-16 number system 593

base-8 number system 593

base-class initializer syntax 511

base-class member function redefined in a derived class 523

BasePlusCommissionEmployee class header 558

BasePlusCommissionEmployee class implementation file 559

BasePlusCommissionEmployee class represents an employee who receives a base salary in addition to a commission 507

BasePlusCommissionEmployee class test program 509

BasePlusCommissionEmployee class that inherits from class CommissionEmployee, which does not provide protected data 521

BASIC (Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) 13, 799

basic searching and sorting algorithms of the Standard Library 726

basic_fstream class template 617

basic_ifstream class template 617

basic_iostream class template 580, 617

basic_istream class template 580, 617

basic_istringstream class 887

basic_ofstream class template 617

basic_ostream class template 617

basic_ostringstream class 887

basic_string template class 870

begin function 351

begin iterator 886

begin library function 670, 671

begin member function of class string 886

begin member function of containers 660

begin member function of first-class containers 662

beginning of a file 622

beginning of a stream 623

behavior

• of a class 14

bell escape sequence 48

Bell Laboratories 11

beta software 38

bidirectional iterator 664, 665, 676, 682, 685, 687, 709, 733, 735, 736

• operations 666

big data 9

Big O 855, 861

• binary search O(logn) 861

• bubble sort, $O\left(n^2\right)$ 862

• insertion sort, $O\left(n^2\right)$ 862

• linear search, O(n) 861

• merge sort, O(n log n) 862

• notation 306, 842, 844, 845, 850, 853, 855, 861

• quicksort, best case O(n log n) 862

• quicksort, worst case $O\left(n^2\right)$ 862

• recursive binary search O(log n) 862

• recursive linear search, O(n) 862

• selection sort, $O\left(n^2\right)$ 862

binary (base 2) number system 968

binary digit (bit) 8

binary function 745

binary function object 745

binary integer 155

binary literals 914

binary number 918

binary number system 934

binary operator 53, 55, 190

binary predicate function 679, 717, 726, 730, 734, 739

binary search 842, 846, 850, 861

binary search efficiency 850

binary search tree 824, 829, 837

binary search tree implementation 824

binary tree 657, 798, 823, 824

• level-order traversal 831, 838

• of strings 837

• search 263, 838

• sort 829, 839

• with duplicates 837

binary_search algorithm 306, 726, 730, 748

bit (binary digit) 8, 900

bit field 905, 914, 917

bit-field manipulation 917

bit-field member of structure 915

bit fields save space 917

bit manipulation 905

“bits-and-bytes” level 905

bitset 659, 695, 696

<bitset> header 221

bitwise AND assignment operator (&=) 913

bitwise AND operator (&) 905, 905, 908, 910, 949

bitwise AND, bitwise inclusive-OR, bitwise exclusive-OR and bitwise complement operators 908

bitwise assignment operators 696, 913

bitwise complement 906

bitwise complement operator (~) 905, 908, 911, 913, 975

bitwise exclusive OR assignment operator (^=) 913

bitwise exclusive OR operator (^) 905, 908, 911

bitwise inclusive OR assignment operator (|=) 913

bitwise inclusive OR operator (|) 633, 905, 908, 910

bitwise left-shift operator (<<) 448, 911

bitwise logical OR 696

bitwise operators 905, 906, 913

bitwise right-shift operator (>>) 448

bitwise shift operator 911

blank line 126

block 62, 113, 128, 233, 235

block of data 939

block of memory 680, 939

block scope 233, 234

body mass index (BMI) 42

• calculator 42

body of a function 47

body of a loop 118

body of an if statement 60

Bohm, C. 106

bool cast operator of a stream 583

bool data type 110

bool value false 110

bool value true 110

boolalpha stream manipulator 191, 452, 592, 599

Boolean 110

Boost 172

Boost C++ Libraries 39

bottom of a stack 814

boundary of a storage unit 917

bounds checking 295

box 70

braces ({ and }) 113, 128

• not required 184

braces ({}) 47, 62

bracket ([]) 286

break statement 184, 186, 208

brittle software 518

bubble sort 862, 865, 866

• improving performance 865

bucket 865

bucket sort 865

buffer is filled 581

buffer is flushed 581

buffer overflow 295

buffered output 581

buffered standard error stream 580

buffering 604

building block appearance 196

building blocks 104

Building Your Own Compiler exercise 799

Building Your Own Computer exercise 376

building-block approach 12

built-in array 340, 349

business-critical computing 763

business publications 39

byte 7, 905