Home Page Icon
Home Page
Table of Contents for
Table of Contents
Close
Table of Contents
by Tony Campbell, Egle Sigler, Cody Bunch, Kevin Jackson, Sunil Sarat, Alok Shrivas
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
Table of Contents
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
Credits
Preface
What this course covers
What you need for this learning path
Who this learning path is for
Reader feedback
Customer support
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Module 1
1. An Introduction to OpenStack
Choosing an orchestrator
Building a private cloud
Commercial orchestrators
OpenStack
When to choose OpenStack?
OpenStack architecture
Service relationships
Services and releases history
Service functions
Keystone
Horizon
Nova
Glance
Swift
Cinder
Neutron
Heat
Ceilometer
Trove
Sahara
Designate
Ironic
Zaqar
Barbican
Manila
Murano
Magnum
Kolla
Congress
Service dependency maps
Preparing for the OpenStack setup
Selecting the services
Service layout
Controller node
Network node
Compute node
Storage node
Operating system
Network layout
Summary
2. Authentication and Authorization Using Keystone
Identity concepts in Keystone
User
Project (or tenant)
Role
Architecture and subsystems
Identity
Resource
Assignment
Policy
Token
Catalog
Installing common components
Setting up the database
Installing MariaDB
Step 1: Setting MariaDB repository
Step 2: Installing the MariaDB package
Configuring the database
Securing the database
Testing the installation
Setting up the messaging broker
Installing RabbitMQ
Step 1: Setting up the RabbitMQ repository
Step 2: Installing the RabbitMQ package
Configuring the RabbitMQ server
Testing the installation
Installing Keystone
Setting up the OpenStack repository
Creating the database
Installing the package
The initial configuration
Generating the admin token
Modifying the Keystone configuration file
Populating the Keystone DB
Setting up your first tenant
Setting up environment variables
Creating the tenant
Creating the user
Creating and mapping the role
Creating service endpoints
Creating the service
Creating the endpoint
Verifying the installation
Using Keystone CLI
Using the API
Troubleshooting the installation and configuration
DB sync errors
System language settings
Configuration errors
Failing Keystone commands
Service non-responsive
DNS issues
Network issues
Summary
3. Storing and Retrieving Data and Images using Glance, Cinder, and Swift
Introducing storage services
Working with Glance
Creating the database
Installing the packages
Initial configuration of Glance
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating a Glance service in Keystone
Creating a Glance endpoint
Modifying Glance configuration
Populating the Glance database
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Working with Cinder
Controller node
Creating the database
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating Cinder service in Keystone
Creating Cinder endpoints
Modifying the configuration files
Populating the Cinder database
Finalizing the installation
Storage node
Understanding the prerequisites
Installing the packages
Modifying the configuration files
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Working with Swift
Controller node
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating a Swift service in Keystone
Creating a Swift endpoint
Modifying the configuration files
The storage node
Understanding the prerequisites
Installing the packages
Modifying the configuration files
Account server configuration
Container server configuration
Object server configuration
Creating the rings
Account ring
Container ring
Object ring
Distributing the ring
Finalizing and validating the install
Troubleshooting steps
Swift authentication error
Ring files don't get created
Summary
4. Building Your Cloud Fabric Controller Using Nova
Working with Nova
Installing Nova components
Installing on the controller node
Creating the database
Installing components
Initial configuration
Creating the Nova user in Keystone
Creating the Nova service in Keystone
Creating the Nova endpoint in Keystone
Modifying the configuration file
Populating the database
Finalizing the installation
Installing on the compute node
Installing KVM
Installing Nova compute components
Modifying the host files
Modifying the configuration file
Finalizing the installation
Verifying the installation
Console access
Designing your Nova environment
Logical constructs
Region
Availability zone
The host aggregates
Virtual machine placement logic
Sample cloud design
Troubleshooting installation
Summary
5. Technology-Agnostic Network Abstraction Using Neutron
The software-defined network paradigm
What is an overlay network?
Components of overlay networks
Overlay technologies
GRE
VXLAN
Underlying network considerations
Open flow
Underlying network consideration
Neutron
Architecture of Neutron
The Neutron server
L2 agent
L3 agent
Understanding the basic Neutron process
Networking concepts in Neutron
Installing Neutron
Installing on the controller node
Creating the database
Installing Neutron control components
Initial configuration
Creating the Neutron user in Keystone
Creating the Neutron service in Keystone
Creating the Neutron endpoint in Keystone
Modifying the configuration files
Setting up the database
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Installing on the network node
Setting up the prerequisites
Installing Neutron packages
Initial configuration on the network node
Neutron configuration
ML2 plugin
Configuring agents
Layer 3 agent
Layer 3 agent
Configuring the metadata agent
Setting up OVS
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Installing on the compute node
Setting up the prerequisites
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Neutron configuration
ML2 plugin
Nova configuration
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Troubleshooting Neutron
Summary
6. Building Your Portal in the Cloud
Working with Horizon
Some basic terminologies
System requirements to install Horizon
Installing Horizon
The initial configuration of Horizon
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
The structure of the Horizon dashboard
Troubleshooting Horizon
Understanding the Horizon log
Summary
7. Your OpenStack Cloud in Action
Gathering service requirements
Tenant and user management
GUI
Creating the project
Adding users
Associating users to the project
CLI
Creating the project
Creating the users
Associating users to the roles
Network management
Network types
Physical network
Virtual network
Tenant network
Provider network
Implementations of virtual networks
External network
Creating the network
Creating the subnet
Tenant network
Create the tenant network
Creating a subnet
Creating a router
Requesting services
Access and security
Security groups
Key pairs
Requesting your first VM
Creating a security group
Creating a key pair
Launching an instance
Using CLI tools
Generating a key pair
Requesting a server
Behind the scenes - how it all works
Creating VM templates
Installing Oz and its dependencies
RHEL/CentOS
Ubuntu
Oz templates
Creating VM templates using Oz
Uploading the image
Summary
8. Taking Your Cloud to the Next Level
Working with Heat
The components of Heat
Heat Orchestration Template (HOT)
Installing Heat
Creating the database
Installing components
The initial configuration
Creating a Heat user in Keystone
Creating additional Heat stack roles
Creating Heat services in Keystone
Creating Heat endpoints in Keystone
Modifying the configuration file
Populating the database
Finalizing the installation
Deploying your first HOT
Ceilometer
Installing Ceilometer
Installing Ceilometer on the controller node
Installing and configuring MongoDB
Creating the database
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating the Ceilometer user in Keystone
Creating the Ceilometer service
Creating the Ceilometer endpoint
Generating a random password
Editing the configuration files
Enabling the Glance notification
Enabling the Cinder notification
Enabling the Swift notification
Creating the ResellerAdmin role
Enabling notifications
Allowing Swift access to Ceilometer files
Finalizing the installation
Installing Ceilometer on the compute node
Installing the packages
Ceilometer-Agent-Compute
Initial configuration
Enable Nova notification
Finalizing the installation
Installing Ceilometer on the storage node
Enabling Cinder notification
Finalizing the installation
Testing the installation
Billing and usage reporting
Summary
9. Looking Ahead
OpenStack distributions
Devstack
Operating system distributions
Ubuntu OpenStack
RedHat OpenStack
Oracle OpenStack
Vendor offerings
VMware integrated OpenStack
Rackspace cloud
HP Helion
Cisco OpenStack
Mirantis OpenStack
SwiftStack
IBM Cloud manager
Suse Cloud
Other public clouds
Choosing a distribution
OpenStack in action
Enterprise Private Cloud
Service providers
Schools/Research centers
Web/SaaS providers
The roadmap
What is in it for you?
Summary
A. New Releases
The releases
Features and differences
Changes in the installation procedure
Adding the repository
The OpenStack client
Installing Keystone
Service configurations
Upgrading from Juno
Cleanup
Backup
Adding the repositories
Running the upgrade
Installing additional components
Updating the DB schema
Modifying configuration files
Restarting services
2. Module 2
1. Keystone – OpenStack Identity Service
Introduction
Installing the OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Identity for SSL communication
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating tenants in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring roles in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Adding users to Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Defining service endpoints
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating the service tenant and service users
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Identity for LDAP Integration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
2. Glance – OpenStack Image Service
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Image Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Image Service with OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Image Service with OpenStack Object Storage
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing images with OpenStack Image Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
Uploading Ubuntu images
Listing images
Viewing image details
Deleting images
Making private images public
How it works
Registering a remotely stored image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Sharing images among tenants
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Viewing shared images
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using image metadata
Getting ready
How to do it...
Updating image properties
Deleting all image properties
Deleting specific image properties
Using metadata for host scheduling
How it works...
See also
Migrating a VMware image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating an OpenStack image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
3. Neutron – OpenStack Networking
Introduction
Installing Neutron and Open vSwitch on a dedicated network node
Getting ready…
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Neutron and Open vSwitch
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing and configuring the Neutron API service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See Also
Creating a tenant Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Deleting a Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating an external floating IP Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron networks for different purposes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Distributed Virtual Routers
Getting ready
How to do it...
Network node
The Controller Node
Compute nodes
How it works...
Using Distributed Virtual Routers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
4. Nova – OpenStack Compute
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Compute controller services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing OpenStack Compute packages
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
Using an alternative release
Configuring database services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Compute
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Compute with OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Stopping and starting nova services
Getting ready
Controller
Compute
How to do it...
How it works...
Installation of command-line tools on Ubuntu
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Using the command-line tools with HTTPS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Checking OpenStack Compute services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Compute
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing security groups
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating security groups
Removing a rule from a security group
Deleting a security group
How it works...
Defining groups and rules using Nova client
Creating and managing key pairs
Getting ready
How to do it...
Listing and deleting key pairs using Nova client
Listing the key pairs
Deleting the key pairs
How it works...
Launching our first cloud instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Fixing a broken instance deployment
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Terminating your instances
How to do it...
How it works...
Using live migration
Getting ready
Checking network connectivity
Ensuring resources
How to do it...
How it works...
Working with nova-schedulers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
Creating flavors
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Defining host aggregates
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Launching instances in specific Availability Zones
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Launching instances on specific Compute hosts
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Removing Nova nodes from a cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
5. Swift – OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Configuring Swift services and users in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing OpenStack Object Storage services – proxy server
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Object Storage – proxy server
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Installing OpenStack Object Storage services – storage nodes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring physical storage for use with Swift
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Object Storage replication
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Object Storage – storage services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Making the Object Storage rings
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works…
Stopping and starting OpenStack Object Storage
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Setting up SSL access
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
6. Using OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Installing the swift client tool
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works…
Creating containers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Uploading objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Uploading files
Uploading directories and their contents
Uploading multiple objects
How it works...
Uploading large objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Listing containers and objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Listing all objects in a container
Listing specific object paths in a container
How it works...
Downloading objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Downloading objects
Downloading objects with the -o parameter
Downloading all objects from a container
Downloading all objects from our OpenStack Object Storage account
How it works...
Deleting containers and objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Deleting objects
Deleting multiple objects
Deleting containers
Deleting everything from our account
How it works...
Using OpenStack Object Storage ACLs
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works
Using Container Synchronization between two Swift Clusters
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
7. Administering OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Managing the OpenStack Object Storage cluster with swift-init
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
Checking cluster health
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing the Swift cluster capacity
Getting ready
How to do it...
Proxy server creation
Storage node creation
How it works...
Removing nodes from a cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
Proxy Server
How it works...
Detecting and replacing failed hard drives
Getting ready
How to do it...
Storage node
How it works...
Collecting usage statistics
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
8. Cinder – OpenStack Block Storage
Introduction
Configuring Cinder-volume services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Compute for Cinder-volume
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Attaching volumes to an instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Detaching volumes from an instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Deleting volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring third-party volume services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Working with Cinder snapshots
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Booting from volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
9. More OpenStack
Introduction
Using cloud-init to run post-installation commands
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
Using cloud-config to run the post-installation configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
Installing OpenStack Telemetry
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Telemetry to interrogate usage statistics
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing Neutron LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Neutron FWaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron FWaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing the Heat OpenStack Orchestration service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Heat to spin up instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
10. Using the OpenStack Dashboard
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Dashboard
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for key management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Adding key pairs
Deleting key pairs
Importing key pairs
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to manage Neutron networks
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating networks
Deleting networks
Viewing networks
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for security group management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating a security group
Editing security groups to add and remove rules
Deleting security groups
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to launch instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to terminate instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to connect to instances using a VNC
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to add new tenants – projects
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for user management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Adding users
Deleting users
Updating user details and passwords
Adding users to tenants
Removing users from tenants
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard with LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating pools
Adding pool members
Adding a VIP to the Load Balancer pool
Deleting the Load Balancer
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard with OpenStack Orchestration
Getting ready
How to do it...
Launching stacks
Viewing stack details
Deleting stacks
How it works...
11. Production OpenStack
Introduction
Installing the MariaDB Galera cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring HA Proxy for the MariaDB Galera cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring HA Proxy for high availability
Getting ready
How to do it...
OpenStack backend configuration using FloatingIP address
How it works...
Installing and configuring Pacemaker with Corosync
Getting ready
How to do it...
Setting up the first node – controller1
Setting up the second node – controller2
Configuring the first node – controller1
Configuring the second node – controller2
Starting the Pacemaker and Corosync services
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack services with Pacemaker and Corosync
Getting ready
How to do it...
Glance across two nodes with FloatingIP
Configuring Pacemaker for use with Glance and Keystone
How it works...
Bonding network interfaces for redundancy
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – host configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – Playbook configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – running Playbooks
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
See also
3. Module 3
1. The Troubleshooting Toolkit
The project overview of OpenStack
Keystone
Glance
Neutron
Nova
Cinder
Swift
Heat
Ceilometer
Horizon
Oslo
Documentation
Ironic
Magnum
Trove
Barbican
Congress
Designate
The supporting technologies
Linux
Databases
Message queue
The Apache web server
Basic troubleshooting methodology and tools
General Linux tools
Linux processes
ps
pgrep
pkill
top and htop
Hard drives
df
fdisk
parted
cat /proc/partitions
Installed packages
General tools
The watch command
File tools
Message broker tools
RabbitMQ
Summary
2. Troubleshooting OpenStack Identity
Know your version
Running Keystone under Eventlet
Checking the Keystone service
Checking the Keystone client
Checking the OpenStack Client
The client debug mode
Checking the API
Keystone process not starting
Database stopped
The service catalog endpoint
Running under WSGI
mod_wsgi
wsgi-keystone.conf
Stopping the Eventlet process
Checking WSGI files
Checking the Keystone service
Summary
3. Troubleshooting the OpenStack Image Service
Glance services
Confirming the Glance database
Confirming the Glance authentication
Keystone up
Service User Set Up
The service user setup
Service endpoints correct
Confirming the Glance API setup
Checking the command-line interface client
Glance logging and configuration
The log level
Where to look
Searching logs
Common errors
Unable to establish connection
Internal server errors (HTTP 500)
Unable to validate token
Summary
4. Troubleshooting OpenStack Networking
Identifying Neutron issues
Neutron services and agents
Neutron logs
Common problems
When you can't ping an instance
Security groups
Network namespaces
No IP address
Troubleshooting tools
ovs-vsctl
The Neutron client
Summary
5. Troubleshooting OpenStack Compute
Checking the services
nova-api
Address already in use
The permission error
nova-scheduler
nova-compute
nova-conductor
Supporting services
The Nova database
Nova authentication
Keystone up
Setting up the service user
Service endpoints correct
Nova and Glance
Nova and Neutron
Summary
6. Troubleshooting OpenStack Block Storage
Cinder processes
Logging
Cinder dependencies
Keystone authentication problems
RabbitMQ problems
Cinder errors
Missing the cinder-volumes volume group
The volume stuck in the creating state
Insufficient free space
Not sending heartbeat
Summary
7. Troubleshooting OpenStack Object Storage
Swift processes
The proxy server
Swift authentication
Troubleshooting TempAuth
TempAuth configuration
The account and username
The password
400 Bad Request
Troubleshooting Swauth
Swauth initialization
Swift with Keystone
Swift users
Summary
8. Troubleshooting the OpenStack the Orchestration Service
Heat services
Running heat-api
Running heat-engine
Heat authentication
The Keystone service
Auth credentials
Heat template errors
Summary
9. Troubleshooting the OpenStack Telemetry Service
Ceilometer processes
Ceilometer authentication
Ceilometer dependencies
The message broker
Databases
The command-line client
The meter list command
Glance meters
Nova meters
The sample list
Summary
10. OpenStack Performance, Availability, and Reliability
Databases
Availability
MySQL with Galera Cluster
Postgres
Performance
MySQL
Show status
Mytop
The Mytop header section
The Mytop thread section
Percona Toolkit
Postgres
The PostgreSQL statistics collector
Database backups
Monitoring
Resource monitoring
OpenStack quotas
RabbitMQ
Clustering
Mirrored queues
Services
Monitoring service processes
Backing up services
Community resources
Testing
Bugs
Ask.openstack.org
Summary
A. Bibliography
Index
Search in book...
Toggle Font Controls
Playlists
Add To
Create new playlist
Name your new playlist
Playlist description (optional)
Cancel
Create playlist
Sign In
Email address
Password
Forgot Password?
Create account
Login
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Sign Up
Full Name
Email address
Confirm Email Address
Password
Login
Create account
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Prev
Previous Chapter
Cover
Next
Next Chapter
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
Table of Contents
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
OpenStack: Building a Cloud Environment
Credits
Preface
What this course covers
What you need for this learning path
Who this learning path is for
Reader feedback
Customer support
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Module 1
1. An Introduction to OpenStack
Choosing an orchestrator
Building a private cloud
Commercial orchestrators
OpenStack
When to choose OpenStack?
OpenStack architecture
Service relationships
Services and releases history
Service functions
Keystone
Horizon
Nova
Glance
Swift
Cinder
Neutron
Heat
Ceilometer
Trove
Sahara
Designate
Ironic
Zaqar
Barbican
Manila
Murano
Magnum
Kolla
Congress
Service dependency maps
Preparing for the OpenStack setup
Selecting the services
Service layout
Controller node
Network node
Compute node
Storage node
Operating system
Network layout
Summary
2. Authentication and Authorization Using Keystone
Identity concepts in Keystone
User
Project (or tenant)
Role
Architecture and subsystems
Identity
Resource
Assignment
Policy
Token
Catalog
Installing common components
Setting up the database
Installing MariaDB
Step 1: Setting MariaDB repository
Step 2: Installing the MariaDB package
Configuring the database
Securing the database
Testing the installation
Setting up the messaging broker
Installing RabbitMQ
Step 1: Setting up the RabbitMQ repository
Step 2: Installing the RabbitMQ package
Configuring the RabbitMQ server
Testing the installation
Installing Keystone
Setting up the OpenStack repository
Creating the database
Installing the package
The initial configuration
Generating the admin token
Modifying the Keystone configuration file
Populating the Keystone DB
Setting up your first tenant
Setting up environment variables
Creating the tenant
Creating the user
Creating and mapping the role
Creating service endpoints
Creating the service
Creating the endpoint
Verifying the installation
Using Keystone CLI
Using the API
Troubleshooting the installation and configuration
DB sync errors
System language settings
Configuration errors
Failing Keystone commands
Service non-responsive
DNS issues
Network issues
Summary
3. Storing and Retrieving Data and Images using Glance, Cinder, and Swift
Introducing storage services
Working with Glance
Creating the database
Installing the packages
Initial configuration of Glance
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating a Glance service in Keystone
Creating a Glance endpoint
Modifying Glance configuration
Populating the Glance database
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Working with Cinder
Controller node
Creating the database
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating Cinder service in Keystone
Creating Cinder endpoints
Modifying the configuration files
Populating the Cinder database
Finalizing the installation
Storage node
Understanding the prerequisites
Installing the packages
Modifying the configuration files
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Working with Swift
Controller node
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating a user in Keystone
Creating a Swift service in Keystone
Creating a Swift endpoint
Modifying the configuration files
The storage node
Understanding the prerequisites
Installing the packages
Modifying the configuration files
Account server configuration
Container server configuration
Object server configuration
Creating the rings
Account ring
Container ring
Object ring
Distributing the ring
Finalizing and validating the install
Troubleshooting steps
Swift authentication error
Ring files don't get created
Summary
4. Building Your Cloud Fabric Controller Using Nova
Working with Nova
Installing Nova components
Installing on the controller node
Creating the database
Installing components
Initial configuration
Creating the Nova user in Keystone
Creating the Nova service in Keystone
Creating the Nova endpoint in Keystone
Modifying the configuration file
Populating the database
Finalizing the installation
Installing on the compute node
Installing KVM
Installing Nova compute components
Modifying the host files
Modifying the configuration file
Finalizing the installation
Verifying the installation
Console access
Designing your Nova environment
Logical constructs
Region
Availability zone
The host aggregates
Virtual machine placement logic
Sample cloud design
Troubleshooting installation
Summary
5. Technology-Agnostic Network Abstraction Using Neutron
The software-defined network paradigm
What is an overlay network?
Components of overlay networks
Overlay technologies
GRE
VXLAN
Underlying network considerations
Open flow
Underlying network consideration
Neutron
Architecture of Neutron
The Neutron server
L2 agent
L3 agent
Understanding the basic Neutron process
Networking concepts in Neutron
Installing Neutron
Installing on the controller node
Creating the database
Installing Neutron control components
Initial configuration
Creating the Neutron user in Keystone
Creating the Neutron service in Keystone
Creating the Neutron endpoint in Keystone
Modifying the configuration files
Setting up the database
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Installing on the network node
Setting up the prerequisites
Installing Neutron packages
Initial configuration on the network node
Neutron configuration
ML2 plugin
Configuring agents
Layer 3 agent
Layer 3 agent
Configuring the metadata agent
Setting up OVS
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Installing on the compute node
Setting up the prerequisites
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Neutron configuration
ML2 plugin
Nova configuration
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
Troubleshooting Neutron
Summary
6. Building Your Portal in the Cloud
Working with Horizon
Some basic terminologies
System requirements to install Horizon
Installing Horizon
The initial configuration of Horizon
Finalizing the installation
Validating the installation
The structure of the Horizon dashboard
Troubleshooting Horizon
Understanding the Horizon log
Summary
7. Your OpenStack Cloud in Action
Gathering service requirements
Tenant and user management
GUI
Creating the project
Adding users
Associating users to the project
CLI
Creating the project
Creating the users
Associating users to the roles
Network management
Network types
Physical network
Virtual network
Tenant network
Provider network
Implementations of virtual networks
External network
Creating the network
Creating the subnet
Tenant network
Create the tenant network
Creating a subnet
Creating a router
Requesting services
Access and security
Security groups
Key pairs
Requesting your first VM
Creating a security group
Creating a key pair
Launching an instance
Using CLI tools
Generating a key pair
Requesting a server
Behind the scenes - how it all works
Creating VM templates
Installing Oz and its dependencies
RHEL/CentOS
Ubuntu
Oz templates
Creating VM templates using Oz
Uploading the image
Summary
8. Taking Your Cloud to the Next Level
Working with Heat
The components of Heat
Heat Orchestration Template (HOT)
Installing Heat
Creating the database
Installing components
The initial configuration
Creating a Heat user in Keystone
Creating additional Heat stack roles
Creating Heat services in Keystone
Creating Heat endpoints in Keystone
Modifying the configuration file
Populating the database
Finalizing the installation
Deploying your first HOT
Ceilometer
Installing Ceilometer
Installing Ceilometer on the controller node
Installing and configuring MongoDB
Creating the database
Installing packages
Initial configuration
Creating the Ceilometer user in Keystone
Creating the Ceilometer service
Creating the Ceilometer endpoint
Generating a random password
Editing the configuration files
Enabling the Glance notification
Enabling the Cinder notification
Enabling the Swift notification
Creating the ResellerAdmin role
Enabling notifications
Allowing Swift access to Ceilometer files
Finalizing the installation
Installing Ceilometer on the compute node
Installing the packages
Ceilometer-Agent-Compute
Initial configuration
Enable Nova notification
Finalizing the installation
Installing Ceilometer on the storage node
Enabling Cinder notification
Finalizing the installation
Testing the installation
Billing and usage reporting
Summary
9. Looking Ahead
OpenStack distributions
Devstack
Operating system distributions
Ubuntu OpenStack
RedHat OpenStack
Oracle OpenStack
Vendor offerings
VMware integrated OpenStack
Rackspace cloud
HP Helion
Cisco OpenStack
Mirantis OpenStack
SwiftStack
IBM Cloud manager
Suse Cloud
Other public clouds
Choosing a distribution
OpenStack in action
Enterprise Private Cloud
Service providers
Schools/Research centers
Web/SaaS providers
The roadmap
What is in it for you?
Summary
A. New Releases
The releases
Features and differences
Changes in the installation procedure
Adding the repository
The OpenStack client
Installing Keystone
Service configurations
Upgrading from Juno
Cleanup
Backup
Adding the repositories
Running the upgrade
Installing additional components
Updating the DB schema
Modifying configuration files
Restarting services
2. Module 2
1. Keystone – OpenStack Identity Service
Introduction
Installing the OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Identity for SSL communication
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating tenants in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring roles in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Adding users to Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Defining service endpoints
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating the service tenant and service users
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Identity for LDAP Integration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
2. Glance – OpenStack Image Service
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Image Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Image Service with OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Image Service with OpenStack Object Storage
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing images with OpenStack Image Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
Uploading Ubuntu images
Listing images
Viewing image details
Deleting images
Making private images public
How it works
Registering a remotely stored image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Sharing images among tenants
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Viewing shared images
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using image metadata
Getting ready
How to do it...
Updating image properties
Deleting all image properties
Deleting specific image properties
Using metadata for host scheduling
How it works...
See also
Migrating a VMware image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating an OpenStack image
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
3. Neutron – OpenStack Networking
Introduction
Installing Neutron and Open vSwitch on a dedicated network node
Getting ready…
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Neutron and Open vSwitch
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing and configuring the Neutron API service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See Also
Creating a tenant Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Deleting a Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating an external floating IP Neutron network
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron networks for different purposes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Distributed Virtual Routers
Getting ready
How to do it...
Network node
The Controller Node
Compute nodes
How it works...
Using Distributed Virtual Routers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
4. Nova – OpenStack Compute
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Compute controller services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing OpenStack Compute packages
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
Using an alternative release
Configuring database services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Compute
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
See also
Configuring OpenStack Compute with OpenStack Identity Service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Stopping and starting nova services
Getting ready
Controller
Compute
How to do it...
How it works...
Installation of command-line tools on Ubuntu
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Using the command-line tools with HTTPS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Checking OpenStack Compute services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Compute
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing security groups
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating security groups
Removing a rule from a security group
Deleting a security group
How it works...
Defining groups and rules using Nova client
Creating and managing key pairs
Getting ready
How to do it...
Listing and deleting key pairs using Nova client
Listing the key pairs
Deleting the key pairs
How it works...
Launching our first cloud instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Fixing a broken instance deployment
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Terminating your instances
How to do it...
How it works...
Using live migration
Getting ready
Checking network connectivity
Ensuring resources
How to do it...
How it works...
Working with nova-schedulers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There’s more...
Creating flavors
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Defining host aggregates
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Launching instances in specific Availability Zones
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Launching instances on specific Compute hosts
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Removing Nova nodes from a cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
5. Swift – OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Configuring Swift services and users in Keystone
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing OpenStack Object Storage services – proxy server
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Object Storage – proxy server
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Installing OpenStack Object Storage services – storage nodes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring physical storage for use with Swift
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Object Storage replication
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Object Storage – storage services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Making the Object Storage rings
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works…
Stopping and starting OpenStack Object Storage
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Setting up SSL access
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
6. Using OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Installing the swift client tool
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works…
Creating containers
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Uploading objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Uploading files
Uploading directories and their contents
Uploading multiple objects
How it works...
Uploading large objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Listing containers and objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Listing all objects in a container
Listing specific object paths in a container
How it works...
Downloading objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Downloading objects
Downloading objects with the -o parameter
Downloading all objects from a container
Downloading all objects from our OpenStack Object Storage account
How it works...
Deleting containers and objects
Getting ready
How to do it...
Deleting objects
Deleting multiple objects
Deleting containers
Deleting everything from our account
How it works...
Using OpenStack Object Storage ACLs
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works
Using Container Synchronization between two Swift Clusters
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
7. Administering OpenStack Object Storage
Introduction
Managing the OpenStack Object Storage cluster with swift-init
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
Checking cluster health
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Managing the Swift cluster capacity
Getting ready
How to do it...
Proxy server creation
Storage node creation
How it works...
Removing nodes from a cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
Proxy Server
How it works...
Detecting and replacing failed hard drives
Getting ready
How to do it...
Storage node
How it works...
Collecting usage statistics
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
8. Cinder – OpenStack Block Storage
Introduction
Configuring Cinder-volume services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack Compute for Cinder-volume
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Creating volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Attaching volumes to an instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Detaching volumes from an instance
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Deleting volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring third-party volume services
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Working with Cinder snapshots
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Booting from volumes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
9. More OpenStack
Introduction
Using cloud-init to run post-installation commands
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more…
Using cloud-config to run the post-installation configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
Installing OpenStack Telemetry
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Telemetry to interrogate usage statistics
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing Neutron LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring Neutron FWaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Neutron FWaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Installing the Heat OpenStack Orchestration service
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using Heat to spin up instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
10. Using the OpenStack Dashboard
Introduction
Installing OpenStack Dashboard
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for key management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Adding key pairs
Deleting key pairs
Importing key pairs
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to manage Neutron networks
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating networks
Deleting networks
Viewing networks
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for security group management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating a security group
Editing security groups to add and remove rules
Deleting security groups
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to launch instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to terminate instances
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to connect to instances using a VNC
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard to add new tenants – projects
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard for user management
Getting ready
How to do it...
Adding users
Deleting users
Updating user details and passwords
Adding users to tenants
Removing users from tenants
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard with LBaaS
Getting ready
How to do it...
Creating pools
Adding pool members
Adding a VIP to the Load Balancer pool
Deleting the Load Balancer
How it works...
Using OpenStack Dashboard with OpenStack Orchestration
Getting ready
How to do it...
Launching stacks
Viewing stack details
Deleting stacks
How it works...
11. Production OpenStack
Introduction
Installing the MariaDB Galera cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring HA Proxy for the MariaDB Galera cluster
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Configuring HA Proxy for high availability
Getting ready
How to do it...
OpenStack backend configuration using FloatingIP address
How it works...
Installing and configuring Pacemaker with Corosync
Getting ready
How to do it...
Setting up the first node – controller1
Setting up the second node – controller2
Configuring the first node – controller1
Configuring the second node – controller2
Starting the Pacemaker and Corosync services
How it works...
Configuring OpenStack services with Pacemaker and Corosync
Getting ready
How to do it...
Glance across two nodes with FloatingIP
Configuring Pacemaker for use with Glance and Keystone
How it works...
Bonding network interfaces for redundancy
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – host configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – Playbook configuration
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
See also
Automating OpenStack installations using Ansible – running Playbooks
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
See also
3. Module 3
1. The Troubleshooting Toolkit
The project overview of OpenStack
Keystone
Glance
Neutron
Nova
Cinder
Swift
Heat
Ceilometer
Horizon
Oslo
Documentation
Ironic
Magnum
Trove
Barbican
Congress
Designate
The supporting technologies
Linux
Databases
Message queue
The Apache web server
Basic troubleshooting methodology and tools
General Linux tools
Linux processes
ps
pgrep
pkill
top and htop
Hard drives
df
fdisk
parted
cat /proc/partitions
Installed packages
General tools
The watch command
File tools
Message broker tools
RabbitMQ
Summary
2. Troubleshooting OpenStack Identity
Know your version
Running Keystone under Eventlet
Checking the Keystone service
Checking the Keystone client
Checking the OpenStack Client
The client debug mode
Checking the API
Keystone process not starting
Database stopped
The service catalog endpoint
Running under WSGI
mod_wsgi
wsgi-keystone.conf
Stopping the Eventlet process
Checking WSGI files
Checking the Keystone service
Summary
3. Troubleshooting the OpenStack Image Service
Glance services
Confirming the Glance database
Confirming the Glance authentication
Keystone up
Service User Set Up
The service user setup
Service endpoints correct
Confirming the Glance API setup
Checking the command-line interface client
Glance logging and configuration
The log level
Where to look
Searching logs
Common errors
Unable to establish connection
Internal server errors (HTTP 500)
Unable to validate token
Summary
4. Troubleshooting OpenStack Networking
Identifying Neutron issues
Neutron services and agents
Neutron logs
Common problems
When you can't ping an instance
Security groups
Network namespaces
No IP address
Troubleshooting tools
ovs-vsctl
The Neutron client
Summary
5. Troubleshooting OpenStack Compute
Checking the services
nova-api
Address already in use
The permission error
nova-scheduler
nova-compute
nova-conductor
Supporting services
The Nova database
Nova authentication
Keystone up
Setting up the service user
Service endpoints correct
Nova and Glance
Nova and Neutron
Summary
6. Troubleshooting OpenStack Block Storage
Cinder processes
Logging
Cinder dependencies
Keystone authentication problems
RabbitMQ problems
Cinder errors
Missing the cinder-volumes volume group
The volume stuck in the creating state
Insufficient free space
Not sending heartbeat
Summary
7. Troubleshooting OpenStack Object Storage
Swift processes
The proxy server
Swift authentication
Troubleshooting TempAuth
TempAuth configuration
The account and username
The password
400 Bad Request
Troubleshooting Swauth
Swauth initialization
Swift with Keystone
Swift users
Summary
8. Troubleshooting the OpenStack the Orchestration Service
Heat services
Running heat-api
Running heat-engine
Heat authentication
The Keystone service
Auth credentials
Heat template errors
Summary
9. Troubleshooting the OpenStack Telemetry Service
Ceilometer processes
Ceilometer authentication
Ceilometer dependencies
The message broker
Databases
The command-line client
The meter list command
Glance meters
Nova meters
The sample list
Summary
10. OpenStack Performance, Availability, and Reliability
Databases
Availability
MySQL with Galera Cluster
Postgres
Performance
MySQL
Show status
Mytop
The Mytop header section
The Mytop thread section
Percona Toolkit
Postgres
The PostgreSQL statistics collector
Database backups
Monitoring
Resource monitoring
OpenStack quotas
RabbitMQ
Clustering
Mirrored queues
Services
Monitoring service processes
Backing up services
Community resources
Testing
Bugs
Ask.openstack.org
Summary
A. Bibliography
Index
Add Highlight
No Comment
..................Content has been hidden....................
You can't read the all page of ebook, please click
here
login for view all page.
Day Mode
Cloud Mode
Night Mode
Reset
