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by Robert L Hartwig
Basic TV Technology, 4th Edition
Front Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
INTRODUCTION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
THE ATOM AND ELECTRICITY
The Parts of the Atom
The Flow of Electrons through Metals
BASIC CIRCUITS
Direct Current (DC)
Alternating Current (AC)
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT (1)
Voltage
Current
Power
Resistance
Mathematical Symbols and Formulas
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT (2)
Frequency
AC Frequency Impedance
FIELDS (INDUCTION) AND NOISE
Fields (Induction)
Noise
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
ABBREVIATIONS
Kilo
Mega
Giga
Milli
Micro
Nano
CATHODE RAY TUBES (CRTS)
Interlace Scanning
Progressive Scanning
NEED FOR INTERLACE SCANNING
BLANKING
Horizontal Blanking
Vertical Blanking
WAVEFORM DISPLAY
CHARGE-COUPLED DEVICES
CCD Layout and Operation
Broadcast-Quality Requirements
AN INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL (1)
What Is Digital?
What Computers Do
AN INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL (2)
Bits and Bytes — Binary Numbering System
ANALOG AND DIGITAL
A to D Conversion
Sampling and Quantizing
D to A Conversion
COLOR SYSTEMS
Color versus Black and White
Additive and Subtractive Colors
Complementary Colors
HOW THE EYE SEES LIGHT (1)
Color Temperature
HOW THE EYE SEES LIGHT (2)
Filters
Black Balance
White Balance
DIGITAL ENCODING RATIOS
From Black and White to Color
Digital Responses to This Situation
CODECS
COMPOSITE ENCODING
Home Video Cameras
COLOR CRTS
Convergence
PLASMA DISPLAY SCREEN
How It Works
LCD SCREENS
ANALOG SYNC GENERATORS
ANALOG SYNC GENERATOR SIGNALS (1)
Drive Pulses
Blanking Pulses
Sync Pulses
Color Burst
ANALOG SYNC GENERATOR SIGNALS (2)
Combining Sync with Video
VECTORSCOPES
Reading the Vectorscope
Color Bar Display
PAL
ANALOG SYNC FLOW DIAGRAMS
Distribution Amplifiers
CAMERA FLOW DIAGRAMS COMBINING SYNC AND CAMERA
FLOW DIAGRAMS
Out-of-Phase Cameras
VIDEO SWITCHERS
Vertical Interval Switchers
Component Switchers
Digital Switchers
Special Effects
SWITCHER APPLICATIONS
Production and Edit1ing Switchers
On-Air Switchers
Routing Switchers
PRODUCTION SWITCHER FLOW DIAGRAM
Switcher Buses
Switcher Outputs
SWITCHER TRANSITIONS AND SPECIAL EFFECTS
Wipes
SPECIAL EFFECTS KEYS — LUMINANCE KEYS
Linear or Transparent Keys
SPECIAL EFFECTS KEYS — CHROMA KEYS
COMPOSITE VERSUS COMPONENT VIDEO
Problems of Composite Video
Component Video
Y/C
COLOR DIFFERENCE COMPONENT VIDEO
DIGITAL SPECIAL EFFECTS
Compressions
Pushes
Flips
Rotations
Other Special Effects
DIGITAL INTERPOLATION
Manipulation
Interpolation
ANALOG VIDEOTAPE RECORDING TECHNOLOGY
Recorders
Videotape
Recording Heads
ANALOG VIDEO RECORDING STANDARDS AND FORMATS
Audio versus Video Recording
Helical Video Recording
OTHER TRACKS AND LOCKUP (1)
Sound and Control Tracks
VTR Lockup
Capstan Lock
OTHER TRACKS AND LOCKUP (2)
Vertical Lock (Capstan Servo)
Frame Lock
Horizontal Lock
TIME BASE ERROR
EXTERNAL CAUSES OF TIME BASE ERROR
Gyroscopic Time Base Error
TIME BASE ERROR CORRECTION
TIME BASE CORRECTORS (1)
What a Time Base Corrector Does
How a TBC Works
Horizontal Sync as a Clock
TIME BASE CORRECTORS (2)
D to A Conversion
Video Proc Amp
Window of Correction
LARGER ANALOG SYNC PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Nonsynchronous Sources
Frame Synchronizer
OTHER ADVANTAGES OF TBCS AND FRAME SYNCHRONIZERS
Dynamic Tracking Heads
Freeze Frames
TBCs, VTRs, and Production
DIGITAL VIDEOTAPE RECORDERS
DV Video
DIGITAL VIDEO SERVERS
Problems of Videotape
Video Servers
DISC-BASED RECORDERS
EDITING ANALOG VIDEOTAPE
Physical Cutting and Splicing
Electronic Edit1ing
THE EDITING PROCESS (1)
THE EDITING PROCESS (2)
TYPES OF EDITS
Assemble Edits
Insert Edits
EDITING METHODS — MANUAL
Manual Editing
EDITING METHODS — CONTROL TRACK COUNTERS
SMPTE TIME CODE EDITING
OFF-LINE AND ON-LINE EDITING
Off-Line Editing
On-Line Editing
EDITING BY COMPUTER
Drop Frame/Non-Drop Frame Editing
PROBLEMS OF TRADITIONAL EDITING
NONLINEAR EDITING
VIDEO COMPRESSION
SPATIAL COMPRESSION
Entropy Reduction
Entropy Encoding
TEMPORAL COMPRESSION
MPEG COMPRESSION STANDARD
COMPUTER GRAPHICS FOR VIDEO
Originating Computer Graphics
Interface between People and Machines
CHARACTER GENERATORS
CREATING IMAGERY AND EFFECTS
Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI)
Digital Video Effects
THE DIGITAL STUDIO
OPEN ARCHITECTURE EQUIPMENT VERSUS DEDICATED EQUIPMENT
DRAWBACKS OF OPEN ARCHITECTURE EQUIPMENT
HIGH-DEFINITION TV
Production HDTV Standards versus Broadcast
HDTV Standards
ATSC HIGH-DEFINITION BROADCAST STANDARD
STANDARD DEFINITION DIGITAL TELEVISION (SDTV)
AUDIO FOR VIDEO
The Early Years
Mono and Stereo
SURROUND SOUND
5.1 Stereo
PROFESSIONAL AND CONSUMER AUDIO
Impedance
Balanced and Unbalanced Audio
COMBINING AUDIO COMPONENTS
Line and Mic Levels
Analog and Digital
Professional and Consumer Equipment
MICROPHONES, MIXERS, AND LOUDSPEAKERS
Microphones
Mixers
Loudspeakers
SOUND RECORDERS FOR VIDEO DAT
DIGITAL AUDIO WORKSTATIONS (DAW)
FURTHER READING
GLOSSARY
INDEX
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Basic TV Technology:
Digital and Analog
Fourth Edition
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