Index
SYMBOLS
&
jobs, running, 477
meaning of, 685
%, 478
A
ABI (Application Binary Interface), 217
abort key sequences, disabling, 266
accept command, 531-532
access
ACLs (Access Control Lists), 972
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
entries, modifying/verifying, 411-415
file access
paths, setting, 416
permissions, 407-409
setgid/setuid permissions, 417
sticky bits, 410
users, 409-410
physical security and, 398
root access, 429-431
system access
controlling, 398
default files, 398-399
passwords, 399-401
restricted shells, 406-407
user account information storage, 402-406
ACLs (Access Control Lists), 972
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
entries, modifying/verifying, 411-415
action field (syslog), 765
active study strategies, 12
Add User Wizard, 375
address spaces (processes), 460, 467
All profiles, 761-762
Application Binary Interface (ABI), 217
application layer (TCP/IP), 608
application threads, 467
applications. See software packages
archives (Flash). See Flash archives
archive_location keyword (class files), 885-887
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 607
ASET (Automated Security
Enhancement Tool)
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
at command, 490-492. See also crontab
attributes (processes), 461, 974
auditing users
checking logins, 420-423
monitoring system usage, 418-420
authentication
NIS+, 806
public-key authentication, 433-434
authorizations
NIS+, 806-807
roleadd, 750-751
auths command, 753
autoconfiguration. See also kernel
device drivers, 33-35
review exercises, 142-143
AutoFS, 989
exam question answers, 699-701
exam questions, 692-698
review exercises, 691-692
maps
direct maps, 679-683
indirect maps, 683-686
master maps, 675-679
naming, 679
overview, 672-675
when to use, 687
autoinstall (Custom JumpStart installation), 187-189
Automated Security Enhancement Tool, 435-437
automount command. See AutoFS
B
background processes. See jobs
backing-store files, 581-585, 979
backup utilities list, 979
backups
exam question answers, 596-597
exam questions, 593-596
Flash archives, 586. See also Flash archives
fssnap command, 979
media (tape drives), 554-556
review exercises, 591-593
utilities
cpio command, 560-564
dd command, 559-560
fssnap command, 581-585
pax command, 564-567
tar command, 557-559
ufsdump, 568
backup_media keyword (class files), 887-888
banner command (OpenBoot), 291
banner pages, 513
Bash shell
initialization files, 969-970
overview, 390
batch processing. See crontab
begin scripts (JumpStart), 884
Berkeley-style tape devices, 556
binding problems (NIS), 804
blocks
boot blocks, 88
free blocks, 90
sizes
dd command, 559-560
logical block sizes, 93
pax command, 565
ufsdump command, 571
storage blocks, 90
superblocks
description of, 88
locating, 103
boot blocks, 88
boot cdrom -s, 39
boot processes. See also shutdown process
bootstrapping, 260-262. See also PROM
exam question answers, 358-361
exam questions, 351-358
init phase
overview, 310-311
SMF. See SMF
interactive boot process
bootblocks, installing, 302
devices aliases, specifying, 301-302
kernel, loading, 303
messages, viewing, 301
overview, 298-300
standalone programs, specifying, 302-303
tasks performed, 302
phases of, 961
review exercises, 349-350
boot servers (JumpStart), 866-870
bootblk programs, 260
bootblocks, installing, 302
booting x86 clients, 936-937
bootstrapping, 260-262
boot_createbe keyword (class files), 889
boot_device keyword (class files), 888
Bourne shells
Bourne Again shell, 968
description of, 967
initialization files, 390, 969
job control, 477
BSD versus SVR4, 513
buffered devices versus raw, 47
C
.cshrc file
C shell, 389
default, 391
search path, 416
user mask, 410
C shell (csh)
description of, 967
initialization files, 389, 968-969
job control, 477
cables, 602-603
CacheFS (Cache File System), 53
callback systems, 426
cancel command (print requests), 528, 532
carrier access, 610
CD-ROM
booting from, 39
contents of, 1025
distributions, 180
identifying connections, 33
managing drives. See volume management
UFS mounts, 122
CDE (Common Desktop Environment) initialization files, 391
character devices (SVM), 715
check script (rules files), 882-883
child directories, 806
child processes, 471
chmod command, 411
CIDR (Classless Internet Domain Routing), 616, 982
Class A/B/C/D/E Addresses (IPv4), 614-615, 981-982
class files (JumpStart)
archive_location, 885-887
backup_media, 887-888
boot_, 888-889
client_, 889-890
cluster, 890-891
filesys, 892-895
forced_deployment, 895
geo, 895-896
install_type, 895
layout_constraint, 896-897
local_, 895-898
metadb, 898
no_content_check, 898
no_master_check, 899
num_clients, 899
overview, 884-885
package, 899-900
partitioning, 900-901
root_device, 901
system_type, 901
testing class files, 902-904
classes (printer), 524-525
client-side failovers, 670-671
clients, 181-182. See also servers
DNS, 808-810
JumpStart, setting up, 910-914
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 812-814
NFS, 661
NIS, 800-801
print clients, 515
sample installation, 917-920
client_ keywords (class files), 889-890
clone systems, 585
cluster keyword (class files), 890-891
clustered environments, 709
clusters, 179-180
Collision Detection, 611
command line
group accounts, 387-389
software packages, adding/removing, 221-222
user accounts
adding, 381-384
deleting, 387
modifying, 385-386
UIDs, assigning, 383
versus SMC, 381
common sense study strategies, 13
compression
JAR files, 587
tape drives and, 556
zip/unzip commands, 585
concatenations, 707
stripes, 710
volumes, 721-722
configuration diskettes (JumpStart), 873-874
configuration servers (JumpStart), 872-873, 916-917
console configuration variables (OpenBoot), 293
containers, 830-831
controllers (disks), 49
converting files (dd command), 559-560
copy-in/copy-out mode (cpio), 560-564
core dumps, 984. See also swap spaces
coreadm command, 655, 658, 985-986
cpio backups, accessing, 130
cpio command
copy-in/copy-out mode, 562-563
overview, 560-562
pass mode, 564
crash dumps
configuring, 658-659
exam question answers, 699-701
exam questions, 692-698
overview, 986-987
swap spaces for, 650
crashed systems, 343-345
crontab, 975-976. See also at command
access, controlling, 489-490
configuring, 487-488
files, creating/editing, 488-489
CTFS (Contract File System), 53
custom installations. See JumpStart
cylinder groups, 89. See also inodes
D
.dtprofile file, 391
daemons. See also individual daemon names
NFS, 661-662
zones, 835-836
data mirroring, 708
data protection, 971-972
data striping, 707-712
database servers, 181
databases
state databases (SVM), 709
creating, 716-719
monitoring, 719-720
recovering from problems, 720-721
terminfo, 519-520
dd command, 559-560
decapsulation, 609
default printers, setting, 534
defects lists (disks), 49
Denied permission, 408
dependent keywords, 905
Desktop Process Manager, 482
/dev/dsk directory, 953
/dev/rdsk directory, 46
/dev/rmt directory, 555-556
DEVFS (Device File System), 53
devfsadm command
review exercises, 143-144
device aliases, 284
creating 285-287
PROM, 276-278
specifying, 301-302
device drivers. See also devices
autoconfiguration, 33-35
definition of, 48
overview, 26-27
physical device names, 27-33
unsupported, 35
USB devices, 35-37
-v option (physical device names), 30
/devices file system, 34
device trees (PROM), 962
aliases, 276-278
displaying, 273-274
examining, 274-276
overview, 271
pathname componenets, 271-273
devices. See also device drivers
adding, 952
autoconfiguration, 35
block devices, 46-47
configuration information, displaying, 30
hot-plug devices, 952
identifying connections, 33
information commands, 952
instance names, 953
logical device names, 42-47, 952
major/minor device numbers, 40-42
numbering, 952
physical device names, 27-33, 952
review exercises, 143-144
raw, 46-47
devlinks command, 39
dfmounts comand, 670
dfshares command, 666
DHCP
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment)
configuring the server, 929-935
preparing for, 928-929
PXE clients, 928
x86 clients, 936
diagnostic commands (OpenBoot), 289-291
diagnostics system control switch position, 265
directories. See also root (/) file systems
access permissions, 408-410
content listings, 82-83
definition of, 951
file types, identifying, 81
home directories, 386, 395-396
in-memory system directories, 81
links
definition of, 83
hard links, 85-87
removing, 87
soft (symbolic) links, 83-85
LP print service directories, 507-509
root (/), 79-81
size information, displaying, 135-136
volume managers list, 121
directory access permissions, 971
disable command, 523
disk controller, 48
disk label, 48
disk partitions. See partitions
disk reads, 711
disk sets, 709
disk space requirements
configuration groups, 180
planning considerations, 184-185
disk storage. See also SVM (Solaris Volume Manager)
overview, 182-186
SVM volumes, 709
disk writes, 711
disk-based file systems, 51
disks
configuration information
displaying, 56-57
review exercises, 144
overview, 48-49
partitions. See partitions
physical disk geometry, 54
recovering partition information, 74-75
slices. See slices
space usage,
controlling, 138-139
displaying, 131-134
quot command, 139-140
spindles, 54
wipe disk standards, 91
DNS. See also NIS
clients, configuring, 808-810
name service exception, 778
overview, 996
domain name keywords (JumpStart), 905-907
domains (NIS), planning, 790-791
dontuse keyword (class files), 891, 902
drives. See disks
driver not attached messages, 33
drivers (metadisk drivers), 709, 715
drvconfig command, 39
dry run installations, 902
dumping file systems, 568-573
duration values, 673
DVD-ROM UFS mounts, 122
dynanmic kernels, 304. See also kernel
E
eeprom command (NVRAM), 282-283
EEPROM parameters, 263
EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface), 51
EFT (extended fundamental types), 76
enable command, 523
encapsulation, 609
encryption (passwords), 402
.enet-addr command (OpenBoot), 292
environment variables, 392-393
.equiv file, 426-427
/etc/auth_attr databases, 756-758
/etc/auto master, 676-677
/etc/bootparams, 868
/etc/default directory, 398, 970
/etc/default/login file, 425, 430
/etc/default/passwd file, 399
/etc/default/su file, 431
/etc directory, 79-80
/etc/ethers, 867
/etc/exec_attr databases, 760-762
/etc/ftpd/ftphosts file, 428-429
/etc/ftpd/ftpusers, 427-428, 973
/etc/hostname.interface, 621, 982-983
/etc/hosts, 867
/etc/hosts.equiv, 426-427, 973
/etc/inet/ipnodes, 622-624, 983
/etc/inet/netmasks files, 624
/etc/inetd.conf file, 423-425
/etc/lp/interfaces directory, 520
/etc/name_to_major file, 41-42
/etc/nssswitch.conf, 780-782, 995
/etc/path_to_inst file, 38-39
/etc/power.conf file, 217
/etc/prof_attr databases, 758-760
/etc/project file, 396
/etc/services files, 628
/etc/shadow file, 367, 402-404, 971
/etc/shells file, 429
/etc/skel directory, 382
/etc/ssh/sshd_config file, 432
/etc/system files, 298, 304-309
/etc/telinit command, 342
/etc/user_attr databases, 754-756
/etc/vfstab
entries, creating, 118-120
swap spaces, 652
Ethernet
overview, 609-611
printer connections, 512
/export directory, 80
exam question answers
AutoFS, 699-701
backups and restorations, 596-597
boot process, 358-361
crash dumps, 699-701
file systems, managing, 163-170
Flash archives, 946-948
JumpStart, 946-948
name services, 824-826
networks, 637-639
NFS, 699-701
printers, 548-549
processes, 502
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 946-948
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 773-774
SVM, 743-744
swap spaces, 699-701
syslog, 773-774
user and security administration, 453-456
zones, 857-858
exam questions
AutoFS, 692-698
backups and restorations, 593-596
boot process, 351-358
crash dumps, 692-698
file systems, managing, 147-163
Flash archives, 942-946
JumpStart, 942-946
name services, 820-823
networks, 634-636
NFS, 692-698
printers, 544-547
processes, 497-501
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 942-946
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 770-772
SVM, 741-743
swap spaces, 692-698
syslog, 770-772
user and security administration, 444-452
zones, 853-855
ExamGear, 1025
extensions (JAR files), 587
F
F versus f, 842
facilities (syslog), 763-764
FCode interpreter (OpenBoot), 268
FDFS (File Descriptor File System), 53
fdisk partitions, creating, 64-65
file permissions
overview, 971
review exercises, 441-443
file systems. See also specific file systems
administration tasks, 47-48
backing-store files, 581-585
copying
cpio command, 560-564
dd command, 559-560
pax command, 564-567
tar command, 557-559
ufsdump command, 568-573
current state, determining, 102
directory size information, displaying, 135-136
disk space usage, displaying, 131-134
disk-based, 51-52. See also individual file systems
dumping, 568-573
/etc/vfstab entries, creating, 118-120
exam questions, 147-163
exam question answers, 163-170
expanding with SVM, 725-727
home directory, 395-396
labeling, 104
large files, 113
laying out, 55-56
minimum number of, 185
mirroring
overview, 731-734
troubleshooting, 735-737
mount command, 955-956
mounted systems (fsck command), 100
mounting, 108-112
/etc/mnttab file, 116-118
SMC Mounts Tool, 113
systems with large files, 113
systems with UFS logging, 114
newfs command, 91-92
partitions. See partitions
processes, listing, 115-116
recovering, 577-580
remote file systems, 666-671
repairing, 100-102. See also fsck command
restoring, 574-581
review exercises, 144-146
slice arrangements on multiple disks, 186
synchronizing, 99-100
types, determining, 110
unmounting, 114-115
virtual file systems, 52-53
file types, identifying, 81
file-based archives
cpio command, 560-564
pax command, 564-567
files
access
paths, setting, 416
setgid/setuid permissions, 416-417
sticky bits, 410
users, 409-410
backing-store files, 581-585
copying
cpio command, 560-564
dd command, 559-560
pax command, 564-567
tar command, 557-559
ufsdump command, 568-573
definition of, 951
JAR (Java archive), 586-589
restoring, 563
filesys mirror options, 894
finish scripts (JumpStart), 884
flar command, 998
flarcreate command, 585-586, 921-924, 979
Flash archives, 188
creating, 920-924
exam question answers, 946-948
exam questions, 942-946
installing with Solaris installation, 924-926
JumpStart, 926-927
Solaris Flash, 998-999
flash prom, 294
fmthard command, 74-75
forced off system control switch position, 265
forced_deployment keyword (class files), 895
foreground processes, 476
forking processes
definition of, 460
troubleshooting, 481
Format Main Menu, 61
format utility
disks, labeling, 63
free hog slices, 66
overview, 954
slices, creating, 58-66
slices, modifying, 66-68
Forth Monitor, 269
FPROM (flash PROM), 262
fragment sizes, 93-94
free blocks, 90
free hog slices, 66
fsck command, 957
logged file systems, 114
output of, 136-137
overview, 100-102
running manually, 102-103
-y option, 103
fsname limitations, 106
fstyp command, 98-99
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
restricting, 427-429
security, 973
ftphosts file, 428-429
ftpusers file, 427-428
full device pathnames, 27-28. See also device trees
full-duplex data transfers, 613
fuser command, 115-116
G
gcore command, 986-987
geo keyword (class files), 895-896
getent command, 816
getfacl command, 413-415
GIDs (group IDs)
duplicates, resolving, 795
effective GIDs, 409-410
groupadd/groupmod command options, 387-388
setgid permissions, 417
values, 405
global zones, 832-833, 996. See also zones
group accounts
adding
with groupadd command, 387-388
with SMC (Solaris Management Console), 378-381
deleting/modifying, 388-389
passwords, 410
projects, 396
switching, 409-410
groupadd/groupmod commands, 387-388
group files, creating, 795-796
group IDs (GIDs), 417
groupadd command, 387-388
groupdel command, 388-389
groupmod command, 388
grpck command, 406
H
halt command, 342
hard disks, 48, 951. See also disks
hard links, 85-87
hardware
networks, 611-613
printer hardware, 511-512
hardware layer (TCP/IP), 606
help commands (OpenBoot), 269
hierarchical namespaces, 805-806
home directories, 386, 395-396
/home directory, 80
/home file system, 182
$HOME/.rhosts file, 973
host files, creating, 796
hosts
databases, 621-622
names, changing, 624-625, 983-984
overview, 611-612
trusted hosts, 426
hot-plug devices, 952
hot-pluggable devices, 36, 122. See also USB devices
HSFS (High Sierra File System), 51, 953
HTTP, 608
hubs, 612-613
hung systems, 343-345
I
-i option, 83
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), 607
IDE disks, 45
ifconfig utility, 620. See also network interfaces
ifdef, 763. See also syslog
in-memory system directories, 81
in.lpd, 978
incremental backups, 569-575
indirect maps, 683-686
inetadm command, 625-627
inetconv command, 625
inetd daemons
inetd.conf file, 423-425
in.lpd, 978
init command, 342-343
init phase
overview, 310-311
SMF. See SMF
initial installations. See installations
initialization files, 389
CDE requirements, 391
environment variables, 392-393
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
local initialization files, 392
modifying, 392-395
review exercises, 440-441
site initialization files, 392
tcsh shell, 390
inode numbers, 83
inodes. See also blocks
number allowed, 95
overview, 89-90
install servers (JumpStart), 181, 870-872, 915
installations. See also upgrading Solaris
checklist, 194
Custom JumpStart, 187-189
disk storage considerations, 182-186
initial installations versus upgrades, 174-175
installation media kit, 180
JumpStart, 187. See also JumpStart
patches, 230-233
prechecklist, 191-193
preconfiguring parameters, 193
requirements, 175-177
software groups, 179-180
software packages, 178
adding/removing, 218-222
adding to spool directory, 220-221
adding with Solaris Product Registry, 223-224
adding with Web Start, 225-227
general guidelines, 242-243
listings of, obtaining, 227-229
management tools, 217-218
Solaris 10, 958-959
Solaris Interactive Installation. See suninstall
system configuration, 180-182
WAN boot, 189
Web Start Flash, 189
install_type keyword (class files), 895
intelligent hubs, 612
interactive boot process
bootblocks, installing, 302
devices aliases, specifying, 301-302
kernel, loading, 303
messages, viewing, 301
overview, 298-300
standalone program, specifying, 302-303
tasks performed, 302
Interactive Installation program. See suninstall
interactive mode (ufsrestore), 576
interfaces (network)
configuring, 982-983
/etc/hostname.interface, 621
/etc/inet/hosts files, 621-622
/etc/inet/ipnodes files, 622-624
/etc/inet/netmasks files, 624
/lib/svc/method/net-physical files, 620-621
overview, 620
system hostnames, 624-625
controlling, 618-620
interlaces, 710
Internet layer (TCP/IP), 607
iostat command, 713
IP, 607
ipnodes databases, 622-624, 983
IPv4 addresses. See also interfaces (network)
cautions, 616
Class A/B/C/D/E addresses, 614-615, 981-982
overview, 613
planning for, 615
IPv6 addresses, 616-617
ISO/OSI models, 604-605
J
JAR (Java archive) files, 586-589
Job Scheduler Tool, utilizing, 493-494
jobs. See also processes
at command
removing from queue, 492
scheduling with, 490-491
atq command, utilizing, 491-492
overview, 477-479
Jobs Scheduler Tool (SMC), 976
jobs tables, 477-478
jsh (job shell), 477
JumpStart, 187
Custom JumpStart installation, 187-189
begin scripts, 884
boot servers, 866-870
archive_location, 885-887
backup_media, 887-888
boot_, 888-889
client_, 889-890
cluster, 890-891
filesys, 892-895
forced_deployment, 895
geo, 895-896
install_type, 895
layout_constraint, 896-897
local_, 895-898
metadb, 898
no_content_check, 898
no_master_check, 899
num_clients, 899
overview, 884-885
package, 899-900
partitioning, 900-901
root_device, 901
system_type, 901
testing class files, 902-904
clients, setting up, 910-914
commands, list of, 863
configuration diskettes, 873-874
configuration servers, 872-873
custom installation process, 865
/etc/bootparams, 868
/etc/dfs/dfstab, 867
/etc/ethers, 867
/etc/hosts, 867
exam question answers, 946-948
exam questions, 942-946
finish scripts, 884
Flash archives, 926-927
install servers, 870-872
name service environments, 910
overview, 862-863
preparing for, 864-865
review exercises, 939-941
rules files
check script, 882-883
matches, 881-882
overview, 874-877
requirements of, 878
syntax of, 877-878
rules keywords, 878-881
sample installation
clients, setting up, 917-920
configuration servers, setting up, 916-917
install servers, setting up, 915
JumpStart directories, creating, 915-916
sysidcfg files
name service keywords, 905-907
network keywords, 907-908
root passwords, setting, 908-909
time servers, setting, 909-910
/tftpboot, 868
troubleshooting, 913-914
K
kernel
autoconfiguration, 33-35
bootstrapping, 260
drivers, 26. See also device drivers
instance names, 37-40
major/minor device numbers, 40-42
module subdirectories, 35
OpenBoot, loading, 303
overview, 964-966
startup process
/etc/system files, 304-309
mdb command, 309
overview, 303-304
tunable parameters, 310
/kernel directory, 80
keyboard chords, 344
keywords, 905. See also individual keywords
kill -HUP, 766
killing processes, 482-483
Korn shell (ksh)
initialization files, 390
job control, 477
overview, 968-969
.kshrc file, 391
L
labeling disks, 49
labelit command, labeling file systems, 104
labels, displaying, 56-57
LANs, 602-603
large file, mounting file systems with, 113
large file-aware, 113
large file-safe, 113
last command, 423
layers, list of, 980. See also network models
layout_constraint keyword (class files), 896-897
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 396. See also DNS
clients, 812-814
Sun Java System Directory Server, 811-812
learning processes, 11
level field (syslog), 764
/lib/svc/method/net-physical files, 620-621
license servers, 181
links
definition of, 83
hard links, 85-87
removing, 87
soft (symbolic) links, 83-85
volume management, 121
list mode (pax), 564
live upgrades, 174
local initialization files, 392
locale keyword (class files), 895-898
local_customization keyword (class files), 897
locked system control switch position, 265
lockfs command, 732
LOFS (Loopback File System), 53
logger command (syslog), 767
logging enabled systems (UFS), mounting, 114
logical block sizes, 93
logical device files, 555-556
logical device names, 42-47, 952
loginlog file, 419-420
.login file
C shell, 389
default, 391
search path, 416
logins
initialization files
Bash shell, 390
Bourne shell, 390
C shell, 389
CDE requirements, 391
customizing, 392-395
default, 391
environment variables, 392-393
Korn shell, 390
local initialization files, 392
site initialization files, 392
tcsh shell, 390
zlogin (zones), 843-846
logins command, 418-419
.logout file, 389
lp command
print request priority levels, 529-533
print styles, 515
LP print services, 507. See also printers
adding printers, 511
directories, 507-509
managing, 977-978
overview, 506-507
spooler, 509-510
defining printer classes, 524-525
deleting printers, 522-523
limiting user access to printers, 529-530
setting up printers, 520-522
lpd daemon, 510
LPDEST environmental variable, 515, 534
lpmove command, 524
lpsched daemon, 510-511
restarting print scheduler, 533
SVR4 print service, 514-515
troubleshooting, 536
lpshut command, 533
lpstat command, 526-530
ls -l command, 414
LVMs (logical volumes), 75. See also SVM
M
MAC addresses, monitoring, 618
Macintosh file systems, accessing, 130
macro/micro study strategies, 12
magnetic tape, 554
makefiles, preparing, 797
manageable hubs, 612
manifests (SMF), 314
mapping, 808
maps. See also NIS
AutoFS
direct maps, 679-683
indirect maps, 683-686
master maps, 675-679
overview, 675
naming, 679
passwd maps, 803
where to generate, 786
master files, creating, 795-797
master machines, 188
master maps, 675-679
master passwd files, creating, 793-795
master servers
NIS, configuring, 791-793
starting/stopping NIS, 799
ypinit, 798-799
MAXUP, 481
mdb command, 309
media
backup media, 555-556
Solaris OS media, 180
memory requirements, 178
messages (boot process), viewing, 301
metadb command,
state databases, creating, 717-718
metadb keyword (class files), 898
metainit command, 721-722
metastat command, 713-714, 723
milestones
changing, 322-323
overview, 314
minfree, setting, 107-108
minor device numbers, 41
creating, 727-729
root file systems
overview, 731-734
troubleshooting, 735-737
unmirroring, 734-735
unmirroring systems, 730
mkfile command, 652-654
/mnt directory, 80
MNTFS (file system), 53
modems, security, 426
modify option (format utility), 66-68
modinfo command, 304
monitor programs (OpenBoot), 261
monitoring user/system activities, 972
mount command
NFS, 666-671
mounted file systems
/etc/mnttab file, 116-118
/etc/vfstab entries, creating, 118-120
creating, 108-112
fsck command, 100
with large files, 113
UFS logging enabled systems, 114
unmounting, 114-115
mounted partitions, modifying, 67
mounting home directories, 395
Mounts Tool (SMC), 113
multiple-CPU systems, 264
multitasking/multithreading, 467
mutliple access, 610
N
name service keywords (JumpStart), 905-907
name services, 396
/etc files, 994
exam question answers, 824-826
exam questions, 820-823
getent command, 816
JumpStart, setting up, 910
LDAP (lightweight directory access protocol), 996. See also LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
NIS, 994-995. See also NIS
NIS+, 995-996
review exercises, 818-819
name-to-address resolutions, 808. See also maps
netstat command, 629
network hardware, 611-613
network interface layer (TCP/IP), 606-607
network interfaces
configuring, 982-983
/etc/hostname.interface, 621
/etc/inet/hosts files, 621-622
/etc/inet/ipnodes files, 622-624
/etc/inet/netmasks files, 624
/lib/svc/method/net-physical files, 620-621
overview, 620
system hostnames, 624-625
controlling, 618-620
network keywords (JumpStart), 907-908
network layers, list of, 980
network maintenance, 629-631
network media, 602-603
network models
encapsulation/decapsulation, 609
ISO/OSI models, 604-605
overview, 604
TCP/IP models, 605-608
network printers, 512
network protocols, 603, 607-608
network services
/etc/default/login file, 425
overview, 625-629
securing, 423-425
network topologies, 602-603
network-based file systems, 52
networks
CIDR (classless inter domain routing), 982
Class A/B/C/D/E networks, 981-982
components of, 980-981
exam question answers, 637-639
exam questions, 634-636
NFS services. See NFS services
printers, configuring, 512-513
review exercises, 633-634
security, 972-973
/etc/default/login file, 425
/etc/hosts.equiv file, 426-427
FTP, restricting, 427-429
modems, 426
network services, 423-425
.rhosts file, 427
ssh (Secure Shell), 432-435
trusted hosts, 426
standalone systems, 182
new command mode (OpenBoot), 269
newfs command, 91-92
newgrp command, 409-410
newtask command, 396
NFS (Network File System), 52
AutoFS. See AutoFS
automount command, 672-675, 687
clients/servers, 661
exam question answers, 699-701
exam questions, 692-698
review exercises, 689-691
overview, 660-661
remote file systems, mounting, 666-671
server logging, 671-672
servers and clients, 661
setting up, 662-666
swap spaces, 654
nice command, 484-486
NICs, 611
NIS, 396. See also LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
binding problems, 804
clients, setting up, 800-801
commands, 792
daemons, 791
determing hosts as servers, 786
determing servers needed, 785
domains, planning, 790-791
makefiles, preparing, 797
maps. See also maps
creating custom maps, 802
overview, 786-790
master files, creating, 795-797
master passwd files, creating, 793-795
master servers, configuring, 791-793
security, 803-804
server problems, 804-805
slave servers, 801-802
SMF, 799
starting/stopping, 799
structure of, 784-785
ypinit, 798-799
NIS+, 396
authorization, 806-807
hierarchical namespaces, 805-806
principals, 806
security, 806
nodes, 268
nolargefiles mount option, 113
non-global zones, 996. See also zones
description of, 832
features of, 833-834
root file system models, 834-835
nonsystem disks, 186
no_content_check keyword (class files), 898
no_master_check keyword (class files), 899
nscd (Name Service Cache Daemon), 814-815.See also name services
num_clients keyword (class files), 899
nvalias command, 733
nvedit, 285-287
NVRAM
configuring, 279-280
device aliases, modifying, 284-285
eeprom command, 282-283
overview, 278
printenv command, 280-282
prtconf command, 283
O
OBJFS (Object File System), 53
OpenBoot
architecture, 268
boot command, 296-298
boot configuration variables, 296
console configuration variables, 293
diagnostic commands, 289-291
review exercises, 347-349
Forth Monitor, 269
help, obtaining, 269-270
hung systems, troubleshooting, 343-345
interactive boot process
bootblocks, installing, 302
devices aliases, specifying, 301-302
kernel, loading, 303
messages, viewing, 301
overview, 298-300
standalone program, specifying, 302-303
tasks performed, 302
limits of, 295
NVRAM
configuring, 279-280
device aliases, modifying, 284-285
eeprom command, 282-283
overview, 278
printenv command, 280-282
prtconf command, 283
port configuration variables, 293-294
security, 287-289
security mode, setting, 282
startup process, 295-296
system information commands, 291-293
versions, 292-294
OpenBoot PROM (OBP). See also PROM
accessing, 264
Stop+A, 266
operating system servers, 181
/opt directory, 80
optional parameters field (filesys), 893
OSI models, 604-605
P
package keyword (class files), 899-900
packages. See software packages
packet-switching hubs, 612-613
packets, 609
paging, 645
parallel printer connections, 512
parallel processing, 467
pargs command, 475-476
partition tables, 51
partitioning keyword (class files), 900-901
partitions. See also slices
advantages of, 182-183
arrangements on multiple disks, 186
fdisk partitions, creating, 64-65
mounted partitions, modifying, 67
size considerations, 184-185
slice 2 as, 54
soft partitions, creating, 724-725
typical single-disk scheme, 183-184
versus slices, 54
pass mode (cpio), 564
passive hubs, 612
passwd files, creating, 793-795
passwd maps, 803
passwords
blank passwords, checking for, 419
encryption, 402
/etc/default/passwd file, 399
group passwords, 410
guidelines, 400-401
OpenBoot, 288
options, setting, 378
password aging, 398
safety guidelines, 970
Patch Manager (smpatch), 235-239
Patch Tool, 240-242
patchadd command, 229-233
patches
installing, 230-233
overview, 229-230
managing, 960
patch clusters, 230-232
Patch Manager (smpatch), 235-239
Patch Tool, 240-242
removing, 234-235
Solaris upgrade considerations, 191
path to inst file, removing, 39
pathnames, 271-273. See also device trees
paths, configuring, 416
path_to_inst file, removing, 39
pattern operand, 566
pax command, 564-567
PCFS (PC File System), 52, 953
permissions
ACLs (access control lists), 411-415, 972
directory access permissions, 971
displaying, 407
file access permissions, 971
modifying, 408-409
setgid/setuid permission, 416-417
sticky bits, 410
users, 410
pfinstall commmand, 902-904
pgrep command, 464-465
physical device names
description of, 952
overview, 27-33
physical disk geometry, 54
physical memory (RAM), 178, 644-645
PID numbers, 481-482
ping command, 629
pinging, 619-620
pkgadd command, 217-222
pkgask command, 218
pkgchk command, 217
pkgid command, 219
pkginfo command, 217-219, 227-229
pkgparam command, 218-219, 229
pkgrm command, 217-222
/platform directory, 80
platform support, 175-177
plug-in device drivers (OpenBoot), 268
pmconfig command, utilizing, 216
port configuration variables (OpenBoot), 293-294
power buttons, 265
power loss, protecting against, 340
power management, 216-217
powering on systems, 261
poweroff command, 343
practice exams
answers, 1014-1021
questions, 1002-1014
preap processes, killing, 483
preparing for exam, 13-14
principals (NIS+), 806
print clients/servers, 181
clients versus servers, 515
definition of, 978
Print Manager
configuring printers, 516-520
deleting printers, 522
lp commands, 514
modifying printers, 534-536
print scheduler. See lpsched daemon
printenv command (NVRAM), 280-282
printer classes, 978
printer connections, 511-512
PRINTER environmental variable, 515, 534
printer queues
accepting print requests, 531-532
cancelling print requests, 528, 532
deleting print jobs, 528
halting jobs, 523-524
limiting user access, 529-530
LP print service directories, 507-509
moving print jobs, 524
overview, 527
rejecting print requests, 531
specifying priority levels, 529, 532-533
printers
adding, 511
administering, 522
BSD versus SVR4, 513
classes, 524-525
connections, 511-512
default, setting, 534
deleting, 522-523
exam question answers, 548-549
exam questions, 544-547
halting requests, 523-524
LP print services, managing, 977-978
modifying, 534-536
moving print jobs, 524
networks, configuring on, 512-513
overview, 507
review exercises, 538-543
servers versus clients, 515
software, configuring
lpadmin command, 520-522
Print Manager, 516-520
status, verifying, 526-527
SVR4 print service, 514-515
priocntl command, 486
priorities (processes), 484-486
probe command (OpenBoot), 290
Process Manager, 470-473
Process Tool (SMC), 473-475
processes
%, 478
address spaces
definition of, 467
overview, 460
application threads, 467
at command, 490-492
background processes. See jobs
child processes, 471
commands for displaying, 974
crontab, 975-976
access, controlling, 489-490
configuring, 487-488
files, creating/editing, 488-489
exam question answers, 502
exam questions, 497-501
foreground processes, 476
forks, troubleshooting, 481
Job Scheduler Tool, utilizing, 493-494
killing, 482-483
listing, 115-116
monitoring, 461
multitasking/multithreading, 467
overview, 460-461
parallel processing 467
pargs command, 475-476
pgrep command, 464-465
review exercises, 496-497
priorities, 484-486
process states, 462
prstat, 466
prstat command, 468-469
ps command, utilizing, 461
psrinfo command, 469
scheduling, 483
shared memory, 467
signals, 479-481
sort command, utilizing, 464
svcs command, listing processes with, 476. See also SMF
viewing,
overview, 462-464
with prstat command, 469
PROCFS (Process File System), 52
Product Registry, 218, 222-225
profile names, 758-760
program boot phase, 262
project file, 396
projects, 396, 976. See also workloads
projects command, 396
PROM, 260-263. See also shutdown process
device aliases, 285
creating, 284-287
displaying, 273-274
examining, 274-276
overview, 271
pathname componenets, 271-273
device trees, 276-278
multiple-CPU systems, 264
OpenBoot PROM (OBP). See OpenBoot PROM (OBP)
prompt variable, 393
protocols (network), 603, 607-608
prstat command
column headings, 466
options/arguments, 468-469
syntax of, 468
viewing processes with, 469
prtvtoc command, 54-57
ps command
manual page, 462-463
options, 463-464
PID numbers, finding, 481
PS1 variable, 393
pseudo file systems, 48, 52-53, 953-954
psrinfo command, 469
ptree command, 472
public-key authentication, 433-434
public/private key pairs, 433-434
pwck command, 403
pwconv command, 404
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment)
configuring DHCP servers, 929-935
exam question answers, 946-948
exam questions, 942-946
overview, 928
preparing for, 928-929
Q – R
queues (jobs). See also printer queues
atq command, checking with, 491-492
removing jobs from, 492
quot command, 139-140
quotas, utilizing, 138-139
-r option, 753
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
SVM, 991
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution protocol), 607, 868
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
authorizations databases, 756-758
components of, 754
exam question answers, 773-774
exam questions, 770-772
execution attributes databases, 760-762
extended user attributes databases, 754-756
review exercises, 769-770
rights profiles databases, 758-760
utilizing, 749-753
RC scripts, converting, 327-330
read policies, 711
read-only snapshots, 581-585
ready states, 841
reboot command, 343
recipients (hosts), 612
reconfiguration startups, 34
/reconfigure file, 34
recovering file systems, 577-580
reject command, 523
remote backups, 560-573
remote file systems, mounting, 666- 671
repeaters (Ethernet), 611
replicas, 680
request command, 531
resource management (containers), 830
restoresymtable file, 578-580
restoring files/file systems
cpio command, 563
ufsrestore command, 574-581
review exercises
AutoFS, 691-692
backups and restorations, 591-593
boot process, 349-350
device autoconfiguration, 142-143
device information, displaying, 143
devices, adding, 143-144
disk configurations, displaying, 144
file systems, 144-146
JumpStart, 939-941
name services, 818-819
networks, 633-634
NFS, 689-691
OpenBoot, 347-349
printers, 538-543
processes, 496-497
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 769-770
SVM, 740-741
swap spaces, 688-689
user and security administration, 439-444
volume management, 146
zones, 851-852
RIP (routing information call), 608
rksh shell, 406-407
rmformat command, 122-123
role accounts (RBAC), 749
roleadd command, 749-751
roledel command, 753
rolemod command, 752-753
root (/) file system, 183. See also directories
directories, 79-81
location of, 76
mirrors
overview, 731-734
troubleshooting, 735-737
networked standalone systems, 182
recovering, 578-580
unmirroring, 734-735
root access, 429. See also superuser access
monitoring, 431
review exercises, 443-444
root file system models (zones)
overview, 834
sparse root zones, 834-835
whole root zones, 835
root passwords (JumpStart), setting, 908-909
root_device keyword (class files), 901
routers, 613
RPC (remote procedure call), 608, 628-629
rsh shell, 406-407
rules files (JumpStart)
check script, 882-883
matches, 881-882
overview, 874-877
requirements of, 878
syntax of, 877-878
rules keywords (JumpStart), 878-881
run control scripts (SMF)
adding, 338-339
disabling, 339
services, stopping/starting, 335-338
rusers command, 421
S
/sbin directory, 80
/sbin/init command, 342-343
/sbin/init process, 260
/sbin/mountall, 109
scheduling processes, 483-486
scores, 13-14
scp command, 434-435
scripts (SMF)
creating, 326
NFS server service, enabling, 327
RC scripts, converting, 327-330
XML-base manifest files, creating, 330-334
run control scripts, 335-339
SCSI disks, identifying, 45
sdtprocess, 470-473
secondary disks, 186
secondary groups, 404
Secure Shell (ssh), 432-435, 973
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
securenets files, 803-804
security
ACLs (Access Control Lists), 411-415
ASET (Automated Security Enhancement Tool), 416, 435-437
auditing users
checking logins, 420-423
monitoring system usage, 418-420
common-sense techniques, 437
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
file access
paths, setting, 416
permissions, 407-409
setgid permission, 417
setuid permission, 416-417
sticky bits, 410
switching users, 409-410
user mask, 410
JAR files, 587
network security, 423-429
/etc/default/login file, 425
/etc/hosts.equiv file, 426-427
FTP, restricting, 427-429
modems, 426
.rhosts file, 427
securing network services, 423-425
ssh (Secure Shell). See Secure Shell (ssh)
trusted hosts, 426
networks, 972-973
NIS, 803-804
NIS+, 806
OpenBoot, 287-289
password safety guidelines, 970
physical security, 398
root access, 429-431
system access
controlling, 398
default files, 398-399
passwords, 399-401
restricted shells, 406-407
user account information storage, 402-406
security mode (OpenBoot), setting, 282
SEEPROM (Serial Electronically Erasable PROM) chips, 263
senders (hosts), 612
serial printer connections, 512
server logging (NFS), 671-672
server problems (NIS), 804-805
servers, 181. See also clients
allocating additional disk space, 184
locally installed file systems, 181
NFS, 661
print servers, 515
requirements, 181
system support software, 181
service instances, 313
services (network), 625-629
setfacl command, 412-415
setgid permission, 417
setuid permission, 416-417
share command, 663-665
shared networks, 612-613
shared resources, 662. See also NFS
sheduler daemons, 978
shell initialization files
Bash shell, 390
Bourne shell, 390
C shell, 389
CDE requirements, 391
default, 391
environment variables, 392-393
Korn shell, 390
local initialization files, 392
modifying, 392-395
site initialization files, 392
tcsh shell, 390
shell prompt (OpenBoot), checking versions, 292
shells. See also individual shells
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
overview, 967-970
shells file, 429
shielded twisted pair (STP) cables, 602
showmount command, 674-675
showrev -p command, 229, 233-234
shutdown command, 340-343
shutdown process, 966
commands for
/etc/telinit command, 342
overview, 340
/sbin/init command, 342-343
/usr/sbin/halt command, 342
/usr/sbin/poweroff command, 343
/usr/sbin/reboot command, 343
/usr/sbin/shutdown command, 340-343
hardware, powering down, 345
overview, 339
sifting command (OpenBoot), 289-290
SIGKILL, utilizing, 482
signal handlers. See traps
signals
Desktop Process Manager, 482
kill command, 481
overview, 479-480
pkill command, 482
preap command, 483
sending to processes, 481
traps, 481
SIGTERM, utilizing, 482
site initialization files, 392
<size> values (filesys), 892
slave servers (NIS), 801-802
<slice> values (filesys), 892
slice 2 as a partition, 54
slice 6, 67
slices. See also partitions
advantages of, 182-183
arrangements on multiple disks, 186
boot blocks, 88
creating with format utility, 58-66
free blocks, 90
free hog slices, 66
modifying, 66-68
numbers, locations of, 77-78
partition tables, 51
recovering, 74-75
size considerations, 184-185
specifying, 285
storage blocks, 90
superblocks
description of, 88
locating, 103
typical single-disk scheme, 183-184
versus partitions, 54
x86 versus SPARC systems, 44-45
SLP, 507
SMC (Solaris Management Console)
group accounts, adding, 378-381
Jobs Scheduler Tool, 493-494, 976
Mounts Tool, 113
versus the command line, 381
overview, 366
review exercises, 439-440
user accounts
deleting, 376
modifying, 377-378
user fields, 372-373
SMC Process Tool, 473-475
SMF
boot process, 311-316
command-line administration utilities, 316-320
manifests, 314
message logging, 326
milestones, changing, 322-323
NFS server service, enabling, 327
NIS, 799
RC scripts, converting, 327, 330
run control scripts
adding, 338-339
disabling, 339
stopping/starting services, 335-338
service dependencies, 315-316
service scripts, creating, 326
services,
overview, 311-315
starting/stopping, 321-325
XML-base manifest files, creating, 330-334
smgroup command, 380-381
smpatch (Patch Manager), 235-239
smpatch command, 230
SMTP, 608
smuser command, 383-389
SNMP (Simple Network Management protocol)
description of, 608
trap generating daemon, 714-715
snoop comand, 629
soft (symbolic) links, 83-85
software, adding/removing, 959-960
software groups, 179-180
software packages
LP print service packages, 506-507
adding, 218-222
general guidelines, 242-243
to spool directory, 220-221
with Web Start, 225-227
listings of, obtaining, 227-229
management tools, 217-218
naming convention, 178
Solaris Product Registry
adding with, 223-224
removing with, 225
software patches. See patches
Solaris
installation media kit, 180
installations. See installations
platform support, 175-177
system requirements, 177-178
Solaris Flash. See also Flash archives, 998-999
Solaris Interactive Installation program(suninstall), 187, 194-206, 211-216
Solaris Live Upgrade, 190
Solaris Product Registry, 218, 222
installing software, 223-224
removing software, 225
space optimization, 95
SPARC systems
as install servers, 928
software groups, 179-180
sparse root zones, 834-835
spawn (processs), 460
.speed command (OpenBoot), 292
spindles, 54
spool directories, 220-221
spoolers (LP print service), 509-510
spray services, enabling/disabling, 627
Secure Shell (ssh), 432-435, 973
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
sshd daemon, 432
sshd_config file, 432
standalone programs (OpenBoot), specifying, 302-303
standalone systems, 182
startup process
kernel
/etc/system files, 304-309
mdb command, 309
overview, 303-304
tunable parameters, 310
startup process (OpenBoot)
boot command, 296-298
boot configuration variables, 296
interactive boot process
bootblocks, installing, 302
devices aliases, specifying, 301-302
kernel, loading, 303
messages, viewing, 301
overview, 298-300
standalone program, specifying, 302-303
tasks performed, 302
overview, 295-296
startup scripts, 392-393
startup servers, 181
state databases (SVM), 709, 992
creating, 716-719
monitoring, 719-720
recovering from problems, 720-721
state flags, 75
states (zone), 832-833
sticky bits, 410
stopping systems, 265-266
storage blocks, 90
storage volumes. See also SVM
STP (shielded twisted pair) cables, 602
striping, 707
concatenated stripes, 710
with distributed parity (RAID 5), 708
with parity (RAID 5), 712
study strategies, 12-13
su command, 409, 749, 752, 973
submirrors, 711. See also mirrors
subnets, booting on, 868
sulog file, 431
Sun Java System Directory Server, 811-812. See also LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
suninstall (Solaris Interactive Installation program), 187, 194-195, 216
date and time options, 204-205
file system layout options, 211
language options, 196
locale options, 197
name service options, 202-203
network options, 197-201
profile options, 214-215
security options, 202
slice size options, 212-213
software group options, 210
subnet options, 203
system identification options, 205
time zone options, 203-204
upgrade options, 206
superblocks
description of, 88
locating, 103
superuser access, 429. See also root access
assigning, 749
monitoring, 431
restricting, 430
svc.startd daemons, 260-261
svcadm command, 766
svccfg command, 625
svcs command, 476
SVM (Solaris Volume Manager)
abilities of, 75
commands, 715-716
concatenated volumes, creating, 721-722
configurations planning, 712-715
disk sets, 709
exam question answers, 743-744
exam questions, 741-743
hot spare pool, 713
mirrors
creating, 727-729
root file systems, 731-734
troubleshooting, 735-737
RAIDs, 991
review exercises, 740-741
SNMP trap generating daemon, 714-715
creating, 716-719
monitoring, 719-720
recovering from problems, 720-721
unmirroring systems, 730, 734-735
volume statuses, monitoring, 723
volumes,
expanding, 725-727
overview, 709-712
SVR4 print service, 513-515
swap -l command, 648
swap -s command, 649
swap command, 984-985
swap files, 984. See also core dumps
swap spaces
calculations, 649
crash dump space, 650
deleting, 654-655
description of, 76
/etc/vfstab, 652
exam question answers, 699-701
exam questions, 692-698
monitoring resources, 647-649
NFS, 654
overview, 644-645
permissions, 653
review exercises, 688-689
setting up, 649-654
sizing, 646
TMPFS, 645-646
troubleshooting, 646
SWAPFS (Swap File System), 52
swaps, 984
switches, 612-613
sync command, 89
synchronizing file systems, 99-100
sys-unconfig command, 984
sysidcfg files (JumpStart)
installing, 845
name service keywords, 905-907
name services, 910
network keywords, 907-908
root passwords, setting, 908-909
Solaris installation parameters, preconfiguring, 193
time servers, setting, 909-910
zones, configuring, 844-845
syslog
exam question answers, 773-774
exam questions, 770-772
logger command, 767
overview, 762-766
syslogd daemon, 762-763
system access
controlling, 398
default files, 398-399
passwords, 399-401
restricted shells, 406-407
user account information storage, 402-406
system backups. See backups
system configurations, 180-182
system control switches, 265
system hostnames, changing, 624-625
system information commands (OpenBoot), 291-293
system run states, 336. See also SMF
system security overview, 397
systems, monitoring, 418-420, 972
system_type keyword (class files), 901
SysV (SystemV) tape devices, 556
T
tape drives, 554-556. See also backups
tape-based archives
dd command, 559-560
pax command, 564-567
tar command, 557-559
tar archives, accessing, 130
tar command, 557-559
tasks, 976
TCP/IP models
application layer, 608
hardware layer, 606
internet layer, 607
network interface layer, 606-607
overview, 605-606
transport layer, 607-608
tcsh shell, 390
telinit command, 342
TENEX C shell, 967
terminfo database, 519-520
TFTP, 972
/tftpboot (JumpStart), 868
time limits, 13
time optimization, 95
time servers (JumpStart), setting, 909-910
time-sharing processes, 484-486
tips for success, 14-17
TMPFS (Temporary File system), 53, 645-646. See also swap spaces
topologies (network), 602-603
transport layer (TCP/IP), 607-608
traps, 481
trigger nodes, 677
Trojan horses, 416
troubleshooting
forking processes, 481
hung systems, 343-345
JumpStart, 913-914
lpsched daemon, 536
mirrors, 735-737
swap spaces, 646
volume management, 129-131
trusted hosts, 426
Trusted Solaris, 761
ttya-mode variable (OpenBoot), 294
tunable parameters (kernel), 310
tunefs command
overview, 106-108
review exercises, 145-146
turning off system. See shutdown process
U
UDF (Universal Disk Format) file systems, 52, 953
UFS (Unix File System). See also file systems
blocks, 955
locating, 103
types of, 87-90
CD/DVD drives, mounting, 122
default file systems, 76-77
features, 76
fragment sizes, 93-94
fstyp command, 98-99
Inodes parameter, 95
logging enabled systems, mounting, 114
logical block sizes, 93
minimum free space parameter, 94
mkfs command, 96-99
optimization types, 95
parts of, 75-78
restoring, 574-581
synchronizing, 99-100
volcopy command, 104-106
ufsboot programs, 260
ufsdump command, 568-573
ufsrestore command, 574-578
UIDs (user IDs), 383
values, 405
duplicates, resolving, 794
effective UIDs, 409-410
setuid permission, 416-417
values, 405
umount command, 114-115. See also mount command
uname -m command, 175
uname command, 733
Unix processes. See processes
unmirroring root file systems, 734-735
unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, 602
unzip command, 585
upgrading Solaris, 190-191. See also installations
live upgrades, 174-175
slice requirements, 178
UPSs (uninterruptible power supplies), 340
USB devices, 35
disconnecting, 36-37
hot-pluggable, 122
managing drives. See volume management
USB printer connections, 512
usedisk keyword (class files), 892, 902
user accounts
adding
from command line, 381-383
default settings, 375
with SMC (Solaris Management Console), 367-375, 966-967
with smuser command, 383-389
user fields for, 372-373
user information, 367-368
with useradd command, 382-383
administering, 366. See also SMC (Solaris Management Console)
checking logins, 420-423
deleting
with SMC (Solaris Management Console), 376
with userdel command, 387
directory access permissions, 408
exam question answers, 453-456
exam questions, 444-452
expiration dates, setting, 386
file access permissions, 407-409
home directories, 395-396
information storage, 402-406
initialization files
Bash shell, 390
Bourne shell, 390
C shell, 389
CDE requirements, 391
default, 391
environment variables, 392-393
Korn shell, 390
local initialization files, 392
modifying, 392-395
site initialization files, 392
tcsh shell, 390
managing from the command line, 381, 967
modifying
with SMC (Solaris Management Console), 377-378
with usermod command, 385-386
name services, 396
/etc files, 994
exam question answers, 824-826
exam questions, 820-823
getent command, 816
JumpStart, setting up, 910
LDAP (lightweight directory access protocol), 996. See also LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
NIS, 994-995. See also NIS
NIS+, 995-996
review exercises, 818-819
passwd command, 384-385
projects, 396
restricted shells, 406-407
review exercises, 441
SMC versus the command line, 381
switching users, 409
UIDs, assiging, 383
User Accounts tool, 369-371
user fields (SMC), 372-373
user mask, 410
useradd command, 381-383
userdel command, 387
username duplicates, resolving, 794
/usr, assigning, 77
/usr/aset directory, 436-437
/usr directory, 80-81
backing up, 568
recovering, 578-579
/usr/lib/lp/model directory, 508
/usr/lib/lpsched, 978
/usr/sbin/halt command, 342
/usr/sbin/inetd, 978
/usr/sbin/poweroff command, 343
/usr/sbin/reboot command, 343
/usr/sbin/shutdown command, 340-343
/usr/share/lib/terminfo directory, 519
utmpx file, 420
UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cables, 602
V
-v option (physical device names), 30
/var/adm/loginlog file, 419-420
/var/adm/messages file, 27
/var/adm/utmpx file, 420
/var/adm/wtmpx file, 420
/var file system, 184
/var/sadm directory, 228-229
/var/spool/lp directory, 509, 514
.version command (OpenBoot), 291
overview, 75
Volume Manager objects, 737-739
vfstab (virtual file system table), 118-120
virtual file systems, 48, 52-53, 953-954
virtual swap spaces, 645. See also swap spaces
virtual volumes, 706, 709. See also SVM, 706
volcancel command, 127
volcopy command, 104-106
vold command, 127
overview, 120-127
utilizing effectively, 128
vold.conf file, 123-127
volmissing command, 127
volname limitations, 106
volume management, 120. See also SVM
commands for, 957
directories/links, 121
overview, 122-127
review exercises, 146
troubleshooting, 129-131
utilizing effectively, 128
Volume Manager objects, 738-739
VTOC (volume table of contents)
overview, 49-50
recovering, 74-75
(Veritas Volume Manager) VxVM
overview, 75
Volume Manager objects, 737-739
W
WAN boot installation, 189
WANs, 603
watchdog resets, 264
Web Start Flash, 188-189, 225-227, 979
who command, 420
whoami command, 421
whodo command, 422
whole root zones, 835
wipe disk standards, 91
workloads, 976
write policies, 711
wtmpx file, 420
X – Y – Z
x86 clients
booting, 936-937
DHCP, 936
slicing versus SPARC systems, 44-45, 54
XML-base manifest files, creating, 330-334
-y option (fsck), 103
Yellow Pages. See NIS
ypcat command, 789
ypinit, 798-799
ypserv, 799
ZFS (zettabyte file system), 52
zip command, 585
zlogin, 843-846
zombies, killing, 483
zoneadmd, 836
zonecfg command, 996
overview, 836-837
properties/parameters, 838-840
resource types, 838
subcommands, 837
booting, 841
commands, running in zones, 846
configuration files, viewing, 849
configurations, viewing, 840
creating, 847-849
daemons, 835-836
deleting, 842
exam question answers, 857-858
exam questions, 853-855
F versus f, 842
global zones, 832-833
halting, 842
installing, 840-841
logging in, 843-846
networking, 835
non-global zones, 832-834
review exercises, 851-852
rebooting, 842
root file system models, 834-835
sysidcfg files, utilizing, 844-845
uninstalling, 842
versus containers, 830
zone states, 832-833
zsched, 836