Index
2D textures, 88
3D file types
ANIM file type, 33
ATOM file type, 33
FBX file type, 32
OBJ file type, 32
3D textures, 88
3D tracked camera, 424
A
absolute paths, 441
absorption, 360
accessing
BlendShapes, 280
Hypershade menu, 88
mesh components, 49
acting, supplementing your 3D graphics skills with, 7
adding
arms to character model, 135-138
controls to character rigs, 199-202
deformations to Sam 2.0 model, 222-224
functionality to rigs, 180-181
adjusting
construction history of NURBS, 70-74
frames of scenes, 232
Smooth Mesh Preview, 143
Aim (cameras), 274
Ambient Color option (materials), 92
ambient lights, 365
Angle of View attribute (camera), 266
ANIM file type, 33
frames, Range Slider, 232
hotkeys, 464
moving, 236
scaling, 236
setting with AutoKey, 235
tangent handles, 241
nonlinear animation, assembling with Trax Editor, 248-250
principles of
anticipation, 228
appeal, 230
arcs, 229
exaggeration, 230
follow through, 229
overlapping action, 229
secondary action, 229
slow in and slow out, 229
solid drawing, 230
squash and stretch, 228
straight-ahead action, 228-229
timing, 229
retiming with Dope Sheet, 246-248
animation controllers, curves, 74-75
Animation menu set, 15
Anistropic material, 93
anticipation, as principle of animation, 228
appeal, as principle of animation, 230
apple falling from tree, simulating, 302-307
gravity, 308
rigid body dynamics
Dynamic Friction attribute, 309
Mass attribute, 309
Static Friction attribute, 309
scrubbing the Timeline, 308
applying
materials, 90
arcs, 229
area lights, 366
arguments, 321
armpits, adding to character model, 138-139
arms
adding to character model, 135-138
IK handle, adding to character rig, 197-198
aspect ratio, 431
assembing clips with Trax Editor, 248-250
assets
organizing in directories, 438-439
Assets menu, 14
ATOM file type, 33
attaching nCloth to objects, 392
Placement Extras, 124
attributes
Angle of View, 266
Auto Render Clip Plane, 267
Background Color, 269
Camera Scale, 267
Center of Interest, 271
Controls, 266
Depth of Field, 268
Display Field Chart, 270
Display Film Gate, 270
Display Film Pivot, 271
Display Gate Mask, 270
Display Resolution, 270
Display Safe Title, 271
Environment, 269
F Stop, 268
Film Back, 431
Focal Length, 266
Focus Distance, 268
Focus Region Scale, 268
Image Plane, 269
Output Settings, 269
Overscan, 271
Shutter Angle, 270
Tumble Pivot, 271
Undoable Movements, 271
driving, 161
Color, 371
Decay Rate, 371
Intensity, 371
of materials, 95
of particles, editing, 348-349
for rigid body dynamics, 309-310
rigidSolver attributes, 310-311
Auto Render Clip Plane attribute (camera), 267
AutoKey, 235
axes, 24
orientation of joints, controlling, 196-197
B
Background Color attribute (camera), 269
viewing renders in FCheck, 418
bend controls, creating, 181
best practices for project workflow, 441-442
binary files, 30
binds
Smooth Binds, 216
accessing, 280
adding to skinned character, 289
corrective BlendShapes, 291-293
mirroring, 293
uses for, 293
visimes, 284
sad face, creating, 288
BlendShapes_GRP, 285
breaking
links between lights and objects, 379-380
tangent handles, 244
brightness, premultiplying, 269
brushes
Add brush, 219
Scale brush, 219
building camera rigs, 275
Bump Mapping option (materials), 92
buttons
Render buttons, 401
C
caches
deleting, 355
Camera, Aim, and Up, 272
Camera and Aim, 272
camera rigs, building, 275
Camera Scale attribute (camera), 267
cameras
3D tracked camera, 424
Aim, 274
Angle of View, 266
Auto Render Clip Plane, 267
Background Color, 269
Camera Scale, 267
Center of Interest, 271
Controls, 266
Depth of Field, 268
Display Field Chart, 270
Display Film Gate, 270
Display Film Pivot, 271
Display Gate Mask, 270
Display Resolution, 270
Display Safe Title, 271
Environment, 269
F Stop, 268
Focal Length, 266
Focus Distance, 268
Focus Region Scale, 268
Image Plane, 269
Output Settings, 269
Overscan, 271
Shutter Angle, 270
Tumble Pivot, 271
Undoable Movements, 271
changing, 18
creating, 262
dollying, 275
film back settings, 431
focal length, changing, 262
manipulating, 264
orbiting, 264
orthographic views, 272
rotating, 19
types of
Camera, Aim, and Up, 272
Camera and Aim, 272
Multi-Stereo Rig, 272
normal camera, 272
Stereo Camera, 272
view, changing, 263
case sensitivity of MEL, 6, 317
case study, project workflow, 443-444
breaking links between lights and objects, 379-380
depth map shadows, 367
categories of Preferences, 450
categorizing objects, 178
Center of Interest attribute (camera), 271
centering pivot of objects, 174
CG industry
animators, 227
specializing in, 3
changing camera view, 263
Channel Box, 21
crease edges, 143
density, 140
elbows, adding, 140
eyelids, adding, 140
geometry
instancing, 127
poles, 134
hands, adding, 139
image planes
resizing, 124
knees, adding, 140
mouth area, 138
character rigs, 187
arms, adding IK handle, 197-198
controls
BlendShapes, 205
IK hand controls, connecting, 204
joint chain, finishing, 194-195
jaw joint, placing, 196
mirroring, 194
preparing for skinning, 206-207
checking for errors with Cleanup tool, 176
clean geometry, 279
Cleanup tool, checking for errors, 176
clearing panes, 322
clips, assembling with Trax Editor, 248-250
color
film plates, rendering, 432-433
of particles, changing, 351-352
Color attribute (lights), 371
Color option (materials), 91
color-coded highlights (Script Editor), 324-325
combining geometry in character models, 143-147
Command Line, 24
displaying, 316
command reference (MEL), 324
commands
arguments, 321
Cut UV Edges command (UV Texture Editor), 86
Echo All Commands option (Script Editor), 322
flags, 321
hotkeys, 462
repeating, 317
rescuing from history pane, 320
setAttr command, 333
Sew UV Edges command (UV Texture Editor), 86
versus tools, 20
commenting
in MEL, 327
in Render View, 407
comparing saved images, 406-407
complexity of relationships, 166
components of polygon meshes, 48-49
connecting
controls on character rigs, 203-204
connections
driving, 161
testing, 158
construction history of NURBS, 65
construction plane, 24
controllers, adding BlendShapes to, 290-291
controls
arms, 201
BlendShapes, 205
spine, 200
Controls attribute (camera), 266
coordinate axes, 24
orientation of joints, controlling, 196-197
copying and pasting
corrective BlendShapes, 291-293
crease edges in character modeling, 143
Crease tool, 56
Create menu, 14
Create panel (Hypershade), 104
creating
cameras, 262
dynamic relationships with expressions, 253-254
lights, 361
materials, 90
primitives, 49
relationships, 165
rigs, 181
curves, 62-64. See also NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational Basis Splines) curves
as animation controllers, 74-75
edit points, 62
parametric values, 63
splines, 64
customizing
Cut UV Edges command (UV Texture Editor), 86
CVs (control vertices), 63
creating, 69
D
Decay Rate attribute (lights), 371
default Preference settings, restoring, 454
default scene file type, setting, 31
deformation tools
corrective BlendShapes, 291-293
creating bend controls, 181
deformers, 212
BlendShapes, 279
deformation order, importance of, 215
Skincluster, 216
deleting caches, 355
density in character modeling, 140
depth map shadows, 367
Depth of Field attribute (camera), 268
Diffuse option (materials), 92
directional emitters, 346
directional lights, 364
directories
absolute paths, 441
Maya project folder structure, 38
relative paths, 441
displacement maps, 136
Display Field Chart attribute (camera), 270
Display Film Gate attribute (camera), 270
Display Film Pivot attribute (camera), 271
Display Gate Mask attribute (camera), 270
Display menu, 14
Display preferences, 452
Display Resolution attribute (camera), 270
Display Safe Action attribute (camera), 270-271
Display Safe Title attribute, 271
displaying Command Line, 316
downloading film plates, 421
drawing
solid drawing, 230
supplementing your 3D graphics skills, 7
driving, 161
dual monitors, 101
duplicating objects, 125
Dynamic Friction attribute, 309
dynamic relationships, creating with expressions, 253-254
apple falling from tree, simulating
gravity, 308
scrubbing the Timeline, 308
nDynamics, 298
physics, mass, 299
Dynamic Friction attribute, 309
Mass attribute, 309
passive rigid bodies, 302
Static Friction attribute, 309
soft body dynamics, 300
Dynamics menu set, 16
E
Echo All Commands option (Script Editor), 322
edges, 48
Edit menu, 14
editing
elbows, adding to character model, 140
emitters, 340
omni emitters, 346
enabling
raytraced shadows, 415
tooltips, 300
Environment attributes (camera), 269
EP Curve tool, 63
errors, checking for with Cleanup tool, 176
exaggeration, as principle of animation, 230
executing code (MEL), 319
Expression Editor, 253-254, 335
dynamic relationships, creating, 253-254
extruding image planes, 128-129
eyelids, adding to character model, 140
F
F Stop attribute (camera), 268
faces, 48
facial expressions
sad face, creating, 288
Far Clip Plane attribute (camera), 267-268
FBX file type, 32
FCheck, viewing renders with, 418
File menu, 14
File Output section (Render Settings window), 411-412
file types
EXR file type, 36
IFF file type, 36
JPG file type, 34
PNG file type, 36
3D file types
ANIM file type, 33
ATOM file type, 33
FBX file type, 32
OBJ file type, 32
film
aspect ratio, 431
render settings, 431
resolution, 431
film back settings (camera), 431
film gate settings (camera), 431
film plates
downloading, 421
finding hidden objects, 464
fisheye, 266
FK chains, 189
flags, 321
Focal Length attribute (camera), 266-267
focal length (camera)
changing, 262
fisheye, 266
telephoto, 266
Focus Distance attribute (camera), 268
Focus Region Scale attribute (camera), 268
folders
absolute paths, 441
Maya project folder structure, 38, 436-437
relative paths, 441
follow through, 229
for loops (MEL), 331
Forward Kinematics, 189
versus inverse kinematics, 189
switches, placing, 205
four-point lighting, 374
frames
moving, 236
scaling, 236
setting with AutoKey, 235
tangent handles, 241
Range Slider, 232
time formats, 230
functionality, adding to rigs, 180-181
fur
attributes, modifying, 385-386
dynamics and, 390
G
geo groups, 178
geometry
clean geometry, 279
poles, 134
Graph Editor
gravity, simulating, 308
groups, BlendShapes_GRP, 285
H
hair
nHair, 390
Hair Tube Shader, 93
hand-drawn animation, keyframes, 232-233
hands, adding to character model, 139
Help Line, 24
hidden objects, finding, 464
hierarchies, creating in Outliner, 176-177
history pane, rescuing commands from, 320
hotbox, 18
animation and playback, 464
commands, 462
component editing and selection, 463
menus, 461
object smoothness, 462
playback, 464
showing and hiding objects, 465
snapping, 464
tool operations, 460
tumble, track, dolly, 458
Viewport display, 460
Window and Views, 459
Hypergraph, viewing connections, 153
Hypershade, 101
accessing, 88
Create panel, 104
main menu, 103
materials, creating, 90
panels, 102
I
IFF (Image File Format) files, 36
IK solver, 197
Image Plane attribute (camera), 269
image planes, loading, 121-122
Image Size section (Render Settings window), 413
importing film plates, 421-424
in-betweeners, 232
Incandescence option (materials), 92
Insert Knot tool, 69
instancing
geometry instancing, 340
mirrored instances, creating, 125-127
objects, 125
Intensity attribute (lights), 371
Linear interpolation, 242
spline interpolation, 242
Stepped interpolation, 243
versus Forward Kinematics, 189
IK handle, adding to arms, 197-198
switches, placing, 205
IPR (Interactive Photographic Rendering), 407-408
isoparms, 64
istockphoto.com, 421
J
jaw joint, placing in character rig, 196
jet pack, creating for Sam model, 341-353
Forward Kinematics, versus inverse kinematics, 189
jaw joint, placing, 196
joint chain, finishing, 194-195
mirroring, 194
Null joints, 217
resizing, 192
Smooth Binds, 216
JPG files, 34
K
keyboard shortcuts, hotkeys, 454-466
animation and playback, 464
commands, 462
component editing and selection, 463
menus, 461
object smoothness, 462
playback, 464
showing and hiding objects, 465
snapping, 464
tool operations, 460
tumble, track, dolly, 458
Viewport display, 460
window and views, 459
editing with Graph Editor, 239-246
Linear interpolation, 242
spline interpolation, 242
Stepped interpolation, 243
moving, 236
scaling, 236
setting with AutoKey, 235
tangent handles, 241
breaking, 244
Plateau tangents, 242
keystrokes, case sensitivity, 6
knees, adding to character model, 140
L
lambert1, 89
Layer Editor, 22
Layered Shader, 93
lights
absorption, 360
ambient lights, 365
area lights, 366
Color, 371
Decay Rate, 371
Intensity, 371
breaking links to objects, 379-380
creating, 361
directional lights, 364
four-point lighting, 374
occlusion, 360
point lights, 364
reflections, 360
refraction, 360
rim light, 374
spot lights, 363
volume lights, 366
line numbers (MEL scripting), 323-324
Linear interpolation, 242
loading
cameras, 18
plugins, 33
OpenEXR plugin, 36
locking weights, 221
Loft tool, 66
loops (MEL), for loops, 331
M
main application window (UI), 11
main menu
Assets menu, 14
Create menu, 14
Display menu, 14
Edit menu, 14
Modify menu, 14
Window menu, 14
manipulating
cameras, 264
Timeline, 236
mass, 299
Mass attribute (rigid body dynamics), 309
materials, 81
Ambient Color option, 92
Anistropic, 93
applying, 90
attributes, 95
Bump Mapping option, 92
Color option, 91
creating, 90
Diffuse option, 92
Hair Tube Shader, 93
Incandescence option, 92
Layered Shader, 93
Ocean Shader, 93
Phong, 94
Phong E, 94
Ramp shader, 94
Shading Map, 94
Surface Shader, 94
Translucence Depth option, 92
Translucence Focus option, 92
Translucence option, 92
Transparency option, 91
Maya Hardware, 401
binary files, 30
default file type, setting, 31
Maya Software, 401
Maya Vector, 401
MEL (Maya Embedded Language) scripting, 2, 315-317
case sensitivity, 317
code, executing, 319
command reference, 324
commands
arguments, 321
flags, 321
commenting, 327
for loops, 331
polygon sphere, creating, 326-327
scripts, saving, 328
setAttr command, 333
switching to Python, 316
tabs, adding, 324
Mental Ray, 401
smoothing, 143
menu sets
Animation menu set, 15
Dynamics menu set, 16
hotkeys, 461
Polygons menu set, 15
Rendering menu set, 16
Surfaces menu set, 16
switching between, 15
edges, 48
polygon meshes, components, 48-49
skinning, 211
vertices, 48
viewing models as, 48
mirrored instances, creating, 125-127
mirroring
BlendShapes, 293
joints, 194
modeling
crease edges, 143
elbows, adding, 140
eyelids, adding, 140
hands, adding, 139
image planes, loading, 121-122
image planes, resizing, 124
knees, adding, 140
mouth area, 138
NURBS
construction history, adjusting, 66-70
symmetry, 86
Modify menu, 14
motion paths, creating, 254-255
mouth area
adding to character model, 138
visimes, 284
Move tool, 20
moving keyframes, 236
Mudbox, 8
Multi-Stereo Rig, 272
music, supplementing your 3D graphics skills, 7-8
N
naming conventions of assets, 437-438
attaching to objects, 392
nDynamics, 298
attaching to objects, 392
Near Clip Plane attribute (camera), 267-268
nHair, 390
nodes
BlendShape, 279
accessing, 280
BlendShapes
adding to skinned character, 289
uses for, 293
connections
testing, 158
lambert1, 89
relationships, selecting, 165-167
right-clicking, 105
transform nodes, 171
nonlinear animation, assembling with Trax Editor, 248-250
jet pack, creating for Sam model, 341-353
Null joints, 217
NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational Basis Splines) curves, 62-64
adding to character rigs, 199-202
as animation controllers, 74-75
construction history, 65
edit points, 62
parametric values, 63
O
OBJ file type, 32
objects, 44
bend controls, creating, 181
duplicating, 125
geo groups, 178
hidden objects, finding, 464
nCloth, attaching, 392
nParticles, emitting, 345
pivot, centering, 174
placing in world origin, 174
rigs
creating, 181
functionality, adding, 180-181
selecting in camera panel, 20
shape nodes, 44
transform nodes, 44
transformations, removing, 174
occlusion, 360
Ocean Shader, 93
omni emitters, 346
orbiting cameras, 264
organizing assets in directories, 438-439
orientation of joints, 196-197
orthographic views, changing cameras to, 272
hierarchies, creating, 176-177
Output Settings attributes (camera), 269
overlapping action, 229
Overscan attribute (camera), 271
P
painting, supplementing your 3D graphics skills with, 7
Add brush, 219
Prune Small Weights tool, 220-221
Replace paint mode, 218
Scale brush, 219
Smooth brush, 219
panels, 18
camera
objects, selecting, 20
rotating, 19
panes, clearing, 322
parametric values of curves, 63
attributes, copying with presets, 352-354
emitters, 340
jet pack, creating for Sam model, 341-353
passive rigid bodies, 302
Phong E shader, 94
Phong shader, 94
photography, supplementing your 3D graphics skills with, 7
physics
apple falling from tree, simulating, 302-307
nDynamics, 298
soft body dynamics, 300
mass, 299
pivot of objects, centering, 174, 281
Placement Extras (Attribute Editor), 124
placing
jaw joint in character rig, 196
object at world origin, 174
seams in UVs, 86
switches, 205
Plateau tangents, 242
Playblast, 354
playing animations with Timeline, 231
plugins
loading, 33
OpenEXR, loading, 36
PNG files, 36
point lights, 364
poles, 134
polygon sphere, creating with MEL, 326-327
Polygon tools (Shelf), 45
Crease tool, 56
Extrude tool, 51
polygons, 43
meshes
primitives, 45
creating, 49
smoothing tools, 54
Polygons menu set, 15
Preferences
categories, 450
Display preferences, 452
restoring to defaults, 454
saving, 454
shortcut, 448
premultiplying, 269
preparing
character rigs for skinning, 206-207
presets, copying attributes with, 352-354
primitives, 45
creating, 49
principles of animation
anticipation, 228
appeal, 230
arcs, 229
exaggeration, 230
follow through, 229
overlapping action, 229
secondary action, 229
slow in and slow out, 229
solid drawing, 230
squash and stretch, 228
straight-ahead action, 228-229
timing, 229
projects
assets
setting, 37
workflow
Prune Small Weights tool, 220-221
Python, switching to MEL, 316
Q-R
quality presets for rendering, 413
Ramp shader, 94
ramp textures, 83
enabling, 415
Reference Editor, 441
reflections, 360
refraction, 360
regions, rendering, 405
relationships
complexity of, 166
creating, 165
dynamic relationships, creating with expressions, 253-254
relative paths, 441
removing transformations from objects, 174
Render buttons, 401
Render Settings window, 409-415
Image Size section, 413
Renderable Cameras section, 412
Renderable Cameras section (Render Settings window), 412
viewing renders in FCheck, 418
quality presets, 413
regions, 405
render engines, 401
saved images, comparing, 406-407
single images, 402
Rendering menu set, 16
repeating commands, 317
Replace paint mode, 218
rescuing commands from history pane, 320
resizing
image planes, 124
joints, 192
resolution, 431
restoring Preferences to defaults, 454
retiming animations with Dope Sheet, 246-248
right-clicking nodes (Hypershade), 105
Dynamic Friction attribute, 309
Mass attribute, 309
passive rigid bodies, 302
Static Friction attribute, 309
rigidSolver attributes, 310-311
rigs, 172. See also character rigs
bend controls, creating, 181
camera rigs, building, 275
creating, 181
functionality, adding, 180-181
hierarchy, creating in Outliner, 176-177
meshes, preparing for, 173-176
rim light, 374
Rotate tool, 20
rotation
Aim (cameras), 274
of camera
changing, 264
in panels, 19
S
sad face, creating, 288
Sam model
saving
Preferences, 454
scripts, 328
Scale tool, 20
scaling keyframes, 236
scenes
frames, adjusting, 232
absorption, 360
occlusion, 360
reflections, 360
refraction, 360
simulating, 299
screenshots, 4
Script Editor
color-coded highlights, 324-325
Echo All Commands option, 322
scripting languages
MEL, 2
case sensitivity, 317
command reference, 324
commenting, 327
for loops, 331
polygon sphere, creating, 326-327
setAttr command, 333
tabs, adding, 324
Python, 316
scripts
syntax, 319
scripts, saving, 328
sculpture, supplementing your 3D graphics skills with, 8
seams, placing in UVs, 86
secondary action, 229
selecting
objects in camera panel, 20
setAttr command, 333
setting
default scene file type, 31
keyframes with AutoKey, 235
presets, 353
projects, 37
Sew UV Edges command (UV Texture Editor), 86
shaders, 81
Shading Map, 94
shading networks
lambert1, 89
breaking links between lights and objects, 379-380
depth map shadows, 367
enabling, 415
shape nodes, 44
shapes, polygons, 43
Polygon tab, 45
Polygon tools
Crease tool, 56
Extrude tool, 51
shortcuts. See keyboard shortcuts; hotkeys
shoulders, adding to character model, 138-139
Shutter Angle attribute (camera), 270
shutterstock.com, 421
simulating dynamics, 299
apple falling from tree, 302-307
gravity, 308
scrubbing the Timeline, 308
single images, rendering, 402
skeletons
Forward Kinematics versus inverse kinematics, 189
joint chain, finishing, 194-195
mirroring, 194
Null joints, 217
Skincluster deformer, 216
skinning, 211
Smooth Binds, 216
Add brush, 219
Prune Small Weights tool, 220-221
Replace paint mode, 218
Scale brush, 219
Smooth brush, 219
preparing character rigs for, 206-207
slow in and slow out, 229
Smooth brush, 219
Smooth Mesh Preview, 56
adjusting, 143
Mental Ray, 143
smoothing tools, 54
soft body dynamics, 300
solid drawing, 230
spans, 64
speed of particles, changing, 349-351
spheres, setting on keyframes, 235
spline interpolation, 242
splines, 64
spot lights, 363
squash and stretch, 228
Static Friction attribute, 309
Status Line, 17
Stepped interpolation, 243
Stereo Camera, 272
straight-ahead action, 228-229
suggested settings for batch rendering, 415-416
supplementing your 3D graphics skills
acting, 7
drawing, 7
painting, 7
photography, 7
sculpture, 8
surface components of curves, splines, 64
surface emitters, 346
Surface shader, 94
surfaces, 61
NURB surfaces, creating, 66-74
Surfaces menu set, 16
switches, placing, 205
switching between MEL and Python, 316
switching between menu sets, 15
symmetry, in modeling, 86
syntax, writing scripts, 319
T
tabs, adding in MEL, 324
tangent handles, 241
breaking, 244
Plateau, 242
telephoto, 266
testing connections, 158
JPG file type, 34
textures, 81
2D textures, 88
3D textures, 88
applying, 90
fur
attributes, modifying, 385-386
ramp textures, 83
time formats for animation frames, 230
Time Slider, 23
Timeline, 231
animation, playing, 231
manipulating, 236
scrubbing, 308
timing, as principle of animation, 229
Tool Settings window, 19
Toolbox, 19
tools
versus commands, 20
Move tool, 20
Rotate tool, 20
Scale tool, 20
tooltips, enabling, 300
tracked cameras
transformations
removing from objects, 174
Translucence Depth option (materials), 92
Translucence Focus option (materials), 92
Translucence option (materials), 92
Transparency option (materials), 91
Tumble Pivot attribute (camera), 271
U
UI (user interface), 2
Channel Box, 21
Command Line, 24
displaying, 316
Help Line, 24
hotbox, 18
Layer Editor, 22
main application window, 11
Assets menu, 14
Create menu, 14
Display menu, 14
Edit menu, 14
File menu, 14
Modify menu, 14
Window menu, 14
menu sets
Animation menu set, 15
Dynamics menu set, 16
Polygons menu set, 15
Rendering menu set, 16
Surfaces menu set, 16
panels, 18
panes, clearing, 322
Status Line, 17
Time Slider, 23
Timeline, 231
animation, playing, 231
manipulating, 236
Tool Settings window, 19
Toolbox, 19
tools
Move tool, 20
Rotate tool, 20
Scale tool, 20
Undoable Movements attribute (camera), 271
Use Background shader, 94
user preferences
categories, 450
Display preferences, 452
saving, 454
UV Texture Editor, 82
Cut UV Edges command, 86
Sew UV Edges command, 86
seams, placing, 86
viewing, 82
V
vertices, 48
CVs, 63
creating, 69
deformers, 212
poles, 134
view of camera, changing, 263
viewing
models as mesh, 48
renders in FCheck, 418
UVs, 82
Viewport 2.0, 122
visimes, 284
volume emitters, 346
volume lights, 366
W
weights, locking. See also painting weights, 221
Window menu, 14
Work Area (Hypershade), 104-105
nodes
right-clicking, 105
workflow
for character modeling, 136-137
project workflow
world origin
camera, 262
placing objects in, 174
syntax, 319
X-Y-Z
X axis, 24
Y axis, 24
Z axis, 24
zooming in and out
camera, 264
in Render View, 404