1. pygeoip allows you to retrieve geographic information from an IP address. It is based on GeoIP databases, which are distributed in several files, depending on their type (city, region, country, and ISP).
2. netifaces.interfaces().
3. 53 (UDP).
4. The subnets (prefixlen_diff=1, new_prefix=None) method has the capacity to generate subnets with additional host bits or with a specific amount of network bits.
5. country_name_by_addr(<ip_address>).
6. record_by_addr(<ip_address>).
7. org_by_name(<domain_name>).
8. dns.resolver.query('domain','AAAA').
9. dns.resolver.query('domain','MX').
10. dns.resolver.query('domain','NS').