Exercises

  1. 1.7 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

    1. The programs that run on a computer are referred to as                   .

    2. Systems such as smartphones, appliances, game controllers, cable set-top boxes and automobiles that contain small computers are called                   .

    3. Just as characters are composed of bits,                    are composed of characters or bytes.

    4. Information on secondary storage devices is                   ; it’s preserved even when the computer’s power is turned off.

    5. Translator programs called                    convert high-level language code into machine-language code.

    6. In object-oriented programming languages, we create a program unit called a(n)                    to house the set of methods that perform its tasks.

    7. Use a building-block approach to creating your programs. Avoid reinventing the wheel—use existing pieces wherever possible. Such software                    is a key benefit of object-oriented programming.

  2. 1.8 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

    1. Although many different OOAD processes exist, a single graphical language for communicating the results of any OOAD process has come into wide use. This language, known as the                   , is now the most widely used graphical scheme for modeling object-oriented systems.

    2. Tim Berners-Lee developed the                    for sharing information via “hyperlinked” text documents on the web.

    3. The CLR is a(n)                    machine. It is software that manages the execution of programs and hides from them the underlying operating system and hardware.

    4. Converting a program to run on a different platform from which it was originally intended is called                   .

    5. Microsoft’s Windows                    is a cloud-computing platform that allows you to develop, manage and distribute your apps in the cloud.

    6. By using existing controls—which are objects—you can create powerful apps much faster than if you had to write all the code yourself. This is a key benefit of software                   .

  3. 1.9 State whether each of the following is true or false. If false, explain why.

    1. The smallest data item in a computer can assume the value 1 or the value 2. Such a data item is called a bit (short for “binary digit”—a digit that can assume either of two values).

    2. The Unicode character set is a popular subset of ASCII that represents uppercase and lowercase letters, digits and some common special characters.

    3. Each of the following is a form of computer output: data displayed on screens, printed on paper, played as audio or video on PCs and media players, used to control other devices, such as robots, 3D printers and “intelligent” appliances.

    4. Reuse helps you build more reliable and effective systems, because existing classes and components often have gone through extensive testing, debugging and performance tuning.

    5. One of the W3C’s primary goals is to make the web universally accessible to everyone regardless of disabilities, language or culture.

    6. C# is available only on Microsoft Windows.

    7. The .NET Framework Class Library has millions of valuable prebuilt classes that have been tested and tuned to maximize performance.

    8. .NET programs can run on any platform.

    9. The Universal Windows Platform (UWP) is designed to provide a common platform (the underlying system on which apps run) and user experience across all of your devices including personal computers, smartphones, tablets and Xbox Live.

  4. 1.10 What is a key advantage of interpreters over compilers? What is a key disadvantage?

  5. 1.11 What is the key advantage of using the new async feature in preference to using old-style multithreading?

  6. 1.12 What are operating systems?

  7. 1.13 Why is using cloud-computing resources sometimes preferable to purchasing all the hardware you need for your own computer?

  8. 1.14 Categorize each of the following items as either hardware or software:

    1. CPU

    2. Compiler

    3. Input unit

    4. A word-processor program

    5. A C# program

  9. 1.15 Translator programs, such as assemblers and compilers, convert programs from one language (referred to as the source language) to another language (referred to as the target language). Determine which of the following statements are true and which are false:

    1. An assembler translates source-language programs into machine-language programs.

    2. High-level languages are generally machine dependent.

    3. A machine-language program requires translation before it can be run on a computer.

    4. The C# compiler translates high-level-language programs into SMIL.

  10. 1.16 Expand each of the following acronyms:

    1. W3C

    2. OOP

    3. CLR

    4. MSIL

    5. UML

    6. IDE

  11. 1.17 What are the key benefits of the .NET Framework and the CLR? What are the drawbacks?

  12. 1.18 What are the advantages to using object-oriented techniques?

  13. 1.19 You are probably wearing on your wrist one of the world’s most common types of objects— a watch. Discuss how each of the following terms and concepts applies to the notion of a watch: object, attributes and behaviors.

  14. 1.20 What is the key accomplishment of the UML?

  15. 1.21 What did the chief benefit of the early Internet prove to be?

  16. 1.22 What is the key capability of the web?

  17. 1.23 What is the key vision of Microsoft’s .NET initiative?

  18. 1.24 How does the .NET Framework Class Library facilitate the development of .NET apps?

  19. 1.25 Besides the obvious benefits of reuse made possible by OOP, what do many organizations report as another key benefit of OOP?

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