During each stage of the pipeline, we can apply one or more arithmetic operators to perform intermediate calculations. These operators are shown in the following list:

• $abs: This is the absolute value.
• $add: This can add numbers or a number to a date to get a new date.
• $ceil/$floor: These are the ceiling and floor functions, respectively.
• $divide: This is used to divide by two inputs.
• $exp: This raises the natural number e to the specified exponential power.
• $pow: This raises a number to the specified exponential power.
• $ln/$log/$log10: These are used to calculate the natural log, the log on a custom base, or a log base ten, respectively.
• $mod: This is the modular value.
• $multiply: This is used to multiply by inputs.
• $sqrt: This is the square root of the input.
• $subtract: This is the result of subtracting the second value from the first. If both arguments are dates, it returns the difference between them. If one argument is a date (this argument has to be the first argument) and the other is a number, it returns the resulting date.
• $trunc: This is used to truncate the result.