4.1 a) C. b) class. c) new. d) type, name. e) void. f) instance variable. g) auto-implemented property. h) decimal. i) Parse. j) access modifier.

4.2 a) False. By convention, method names begin with an uppercase first letter and all subsequent words in the name begin with an uppercase first letter. b) False. A property’s get accessor enables a client to retrieve the value of the instance variable associated with the property. A property’s set accessor enables a client to modify the value of the instance variable associated with the property. c) False. Numeric simple-type instance variables are initialized to 0, bool simple-type instance variables are initialized to false and instance variables of all other types are initialized to null. d) True. e) True. f) True. g) False. Such variables are called local variables and can be used only in the method in which they’re declared. h) False. A property declaration can contain a get accessor, a set accessor or both. i) True. j) False. Instance variables are initialized by default.

4.3 A local variable is declared in the body of a method and can be used only in the method in which it’s declared. An instance variable is declared in a class, but not in the body of any of the class’s members. Every object (instance) of a class has a separate copy of the class’s instance variables. Also, instance variables are accessible to all members of the class. (We’ll see an exception to this in Chapter 10.)

4.4 A parameter represents additional information that a method requires to perform its task. Each parameter required by a method is specified in the method’s declaration. An argument is the actual value that’s passed to a method parameter when a method is called.