Table of Contents

Cover image

Title page

Copyright

List of Contributors

About the Editors

Preface

Section One. Clean and Sustainable Energy Resources and Technologies

Chapter One. Sustainable Energy Resources: Prospects and Policy

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Fossil Fuels

1.3. Nuclear Energy

1.4. Renewable Energy

1.5. Prospects and Policies for Renewable Energy

1.6. Discussion

Glossary

Chapter Two. Environmental Impact Assessment of Different Renewable Energy Resources: A Recent Development

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic System

2.3. Life Cycle Assessment of Wind Energy System

2.4. Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuels

2.5. Life Cycle Assessment of Biogas

2.6. Life Cycle Assessment of Hydropower Plants

2.7. Life Cycle Assessment of Geothermal Power Plants

2.8. Comparison With Conventional Systems

2.9. Conclusions

Chapter Three. Clean and Sustainable Energy Technologies

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Biomass

3.3. Solar Power

3.4. Wind Power

3.5. Hydropower

3.6. Future Prospects and Challenges for Renewable Energy Technologies

Chapter Four. Bioenergy With Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS): Future Prospects of Carbon-Negative Technologies

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Carbon-Negative Technologies

4.3. Carbon-Negative Biofuels

4.4. Biofuel Conversion Technologies

4.5. CO2 Capture and Storage

4.6. Biological CO2 Fixation

4.7. Microalgae Cultivation Technology

4.8. Microalgae Hybrid Technologies

4.9. The Economic Potential for BECCS

4.10. Discussion and Challenges for BECCS

4.11. Conclusions

Section Two. Solar Energy Applications

Chapter Five. Solar Kilns: A Green Technology for the Australian Agricultural and Forest Industries

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Significance and Scope of Solar Drying in Australia

5.3. Significance and Benefits of Solar Kilns

5.4. Performance Evaluation and Selection of Solar Kilns—An Innovative Approach

5.5. Results and Discussion

5.6. Conclusions

Nomenclature

Chapter Six. Small-Scale Dish-Mounted Solar Thermal Brayton Cycle

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Solar Collector and Receiver

6.3. The Tubular Open-Cavity Receiver

6.4. Recuperator

6.5. Turbocharger as Microturbine

6.6. Optimization and Methodology

6.7. Results

6.8. Remaining Challenges and Future Possibilities

6.9. Conclusion and Recommendations

Nomenclature

Chapter Seven. Heat-Driven Cooling Technologies

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Heat-Driven Air Conditioning

7.3. Desiccant Wheel

7.4. Conclusions

Chapter Eight. Solar Pyrolysis: Converting Waste Into Asset Using Solar Energy

8.1. Introduction

8.2. History of Pyrolysis

8.3. Challenges of Existing Pyrolysis Systems

8.4. Heating of Pyrolysis Reactor

8.5. Solar Heating Approach

8.6. Integration of Solar Energy With Pyrolysis

8.7. Current Research and Application of Solar Pyrolysis

8.8. Considerations for Feasibility of Solar Pyrolysis

8.9. Challenges in Solar Pyrolysis

8.10. Future Scope of Solar Pyrolysis

8.11. Concluding Remarks

Section Three. Wind Energy Systems

Chapter Nine. Grid Integration of Wind Energy Systems: Control Design, Stability, and Power Quality Issues

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Wind Turbine Technologies

9.3. Generator Types in the Wind Energy Conversion Systems

9.4. Converter Topologies and Modulation Techniques

9.5. Control Design

9.6. Stability and Power Quality Studies

9.7. Discussions and Conclusions

Appendix

Nomenclature

Chapter Ten. The Hybrid Solar Power/Wind System for Energy Production, Observation, Application, and Simulation

10.1. Introduction

10.2. Hybrid Solar/Wind Energy Systems

10.3. Hybrid Controllers for Solar and Wind Energy Systems

10.4. Hybrid Solar/Wind Energy Application

10.5. Current Trends

10.6. Conclusion

Nomenclature

Chapter Eleven. Study on Wind Energy Potential by Eight Numerical Methods of Weibull Distribution

11.1. Introduction

11.2. Outline of Methodology

11.3. Results and Discussion

11.4. Conclusions

Nomenclature

Section Four. Biodiesel for Sustainable Development

Chapter Twelve. Prospect of the Legume Tree Pongamia pinnata as a Clean and Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstock

12.1. Introduction

12.2. Pongamia As Prospective Feedstock Candidate

12.3. Pongamia Improvement Program

12.4. Quality Analysis and Advantages of Pongamia Oil for Biodiesel

12.5. Conclusion

Chapter Thirteen. Biodiesel From Queensland Bush Nut (Macadamia integrifolia)

13.1. Introduction

13.2. Materials and Methods

13.3. Biodiesel Conversion Steps

13.4. Results and Discussions

13.5. Conclusions

List of Abbreviations

Chapter Fourteen. Assessment of Physical, Chemical, and Tribological Properties of Different Biodiesel Fuels

14.1. Introduction

14.2. Materials

14.3. Results and Discussion

14.4. Conclusions

Chapter Fifteen. Biodiesel Production Through Chemical and Biochemical Transesterification: Trends, Technicalities, and Future Perspectives

15.1. Background

15.2. Biodiesel as Sustainable Fuel

15.3. Strategies to Minimize Viscosity of Vegetable Oil

15.4. Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

15.5. Chemical Transesterification Reactions

15.6. Biochemical/Enzymatic Transesterification Reactions

15.7. Response Surface Methodology as Imperative Tool for Biodiesel Optimization

15.8. Analytical Methods for Biodiesel Characterization

15.9. Fuel Properties and Exhaust Emissions of Biodiesel

15.10. Future Perspectives of Biodiesel Production

15.11. Conclusion and Recommendations

Chapter Sixteen. Mesoporous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: A New Approach

16.1. Introduction

16.2. Biodiesel

16.3. Catalysts

16.4. Porous Materials

16.5. Various Types of Mesoporous Catalysts

16.6. Application of Mesoporous Materials

16.7. Performance of the Mesoporous Catalyst

16.8. The Diffusion Process of the Reactants Into Mesopore Channels

16.9. Surface Modifications

16.10. The Effect of Mesoporous Catalyst on Transesterification Reaction

16.11. Conclusion and Recommendation

Nomenclature/Abbreviation

Chapter Seventeen. Edible and Nonedible Biodiesel Feedstocks: Microalgae and Future of Biodiesel

17.1. Introduction

17.2. Biodiesel Feedstocks

17.3. Biodiesel Research Methodology

17.4. Oil Extraction

17.5. Analysis of Physicochemical Properties

17.6. Biodiesel Production

17.7. Determination of Fatty Oil Composition

17.8. Prediction of Properties of Blends

17.9. Engine and Emissions Tests

17.10. Importance of Statistical and Uncertainty Analysis

17.11. Effects of Additives on Biodiesel Quality

17.12. Different Types of Algae Cultures for Biodiesel Production

17.13. Algae Growth on Wastewater for Biodiesel Production

17.14. Microalgal Potential for Biodiesel Production

17.15. Advantage of Biodiesel Over Higher Plants

17.16. Algae Culture Conditions and Biodiesel Production

17.17. Future

17.18. Conclusion

Chapter Eighteen. Potential of Biodiesel as Fuel for Diesel Engine

18.1. Introduction

18.2. Diesel Engine

18.3. Biodiesel Fuel

18.4. Biodiesel Production Procedure

18.5. Biodiesel Production Technologies: Transesterification Method

18.6. Biodiesel Fuel Standardization

18.7. Potential of Biodiesel

18.8. Biodiesel Fuel Blending

18.9. Biodiesel Fuel Additive

18.10. Conclusions

Appendices

Index

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