1.1 Where and when do engineers design?
1.2 A basic vocabulary for engineering design
1.2.1 Defining engineering design
1.2.2 Assumptions underlying our definition of engineering design
1.2.3 Measuring the success of an engineered design
1.2.6 Communication and design
1.3 Learning and doing engineering design
1.3.1 Engineering design problems are challenging
1.3.2 Learning design by doing
1.4 Managing engineering design projects
2.1 The design process as a process of questioning
2.2 Describing and prescribing a design process
2.3 Informing a design process
2.3.1 Informing a design process by thinking strategically
2.3.2 Informing a design process with formal design methods
2.3.3 Acquiring design knowledge to inform a design process
2.3.4 Informing a design process with analysis and testing
2.3.5 Getting feedback to inform a design process
2.4 Case study: Design of a stabilizer for microlaryngeal surgery
2.5 Illustrative design examples
PART II THE DESIGN PROCESS AND DESIGN TOOLS
3.1 Clarifying the initial problem statement
3.2 Framing customer requirements
3.2.1 Lists of design attributes and of design objectives
3.3 Revised problem statements: Public statements of the design project
3.4 Designing an arm support for a CP-afflicted student
CHAPTER 4 PROBLEM DEFINITION: CLARIFYING THE OBJECTIVES What is this design intended to achieve?
4.1 Clarifying a client's objectives
4.1.1 Representing lists of objectives in objectives trees
4.1.2 Remarks on objectives trees
4.1.3 The objectives tree for the juice container design
4.2 Measurement issues in ordering and evaluating objectives
4.3 Rank ordering objectives with pairwise comparison charts
4.3.1 An individual's rank orderings
4.3.2 Aggregating rank orderings for a group
4.3.3 Using pairwise comparisons properly
4.4 Developing metrics to measure the achievement of objectives
4.4.1 Establishing good metrics for objectives
4.4.2 Establishing metrics for the juice container
4.5 Objectives and metrics for the Danbury arm support
CHAPTER 5 PROBLEM DEFINITION: IDENTIFYING CONSTRAINTS What are the limits for this design problem?
5.1 Identifying and setting the client's limits
5.2 Displaying and using constraints
5.3 Constraints for the Danbury arm support
6.1.1 Functions: Input is transformed into output
6.2 Functional analysis: Tools for establishing functions
6.2.1 Black boxes and glass boxes
6.2.2 Dissection or reverse engineering
6.2.5 Remarks on functions and objectives
6.3 Design specifications: Specifying functions, features, and behavior
6.3.1 Attaching numbers to design specifications
6.3.2 Setting performance levels
6.3.3 Interface performance specifications
6.3.4 House of quality: Accounting for the customers' requirements
6.4 Functions for the Danbury arm support
7.1 Generating the “design space,” a space of engineering designs
7.1.1 Defining a design space by generating a morphological chart
7.1.2 Thinking metaphorically and strategically
7.1.6 Guiding thoughts on design generation
7.2 Navigating, expanding, and contracting design spaces
7.2.1 Navigating design spaces
7.2.2 Expanding a design space when it is too small
7.2.3 Contracting a design space when it is too large
7.3 Generating designs for the Danbury arm support
8.1 Applying metrics to objectives: Selecting the preferred design
8.1.1 Numerical evaluation matrices
8.1.2 Priority checkmark method
8.1.4 An important reminder about design evaluation
8.2 Evaluating designs for the Danbury arm support
CHAPTER 9 COMMUNICATING DESIGNS GRAPHICALLY Here's my design; can you make it?
9.1 Engineering sketches and drawings speak to many audiences
9.3 Fabrication specifications: The several forms of engineering drawings
9.3.3 Some Danbury arm support drawings
9.4 Fabrication specifications: The devil is in the details
CHAPTER 10 PROTOTYPING AND PROOFING THE DESIGN Here's my design; how well does it work?
10.1 Prototypes, models, and proofs of concept
10.1.1 Prototypes and models are not the same thing
10.1.2 Testing prototypes and models, and proving concepts
10.1.3 When do we build a prototype?
10.2 Building models and prototypes
10.2.1 Who is going to make it?
10.2.2 Can we buy parts or components?
10.2.3 How, and from what, will the model/prototype be made?
11.1 General guidelines for technical communication
11.2 Oral presentations: Telling a crowd what's been done
11.2.1 Knowing the audience: Who's listening?
11.2.2 The presentation outline
11.2.3 Presentations are visual events
11.2.4 Practice makes perfect, maybe …
11.3 The project report: Writing for the client, not for history
11.3.1 The purpose of and audience for the final report
11.3.2 The rough outline: Structuring the final report
11.3.3 The topic sentence outline: Every entry represents a paragraph
11.3.4 The first draft: Turning several voices into one
11.3.5 The final, final report: Ready for prime time
11.4 Final report elements for the Danbury arm support
11.4.1 Rough outlines of two project reports
11.4.2 ATSO for the Danbury arm support
11.4.3 The final outcome: The Danbury arm support
PART IV DESIGN MODELING, ENGINEERING ECONOMICS, AND DESIGN USE
12.1 Some mathematical habits of thought for design modeling
12.1.1 Basic principles of mathematical modeling
12.1.2 Abstractions, scaling, and lumped elements
12.2 Some mathematical tools for design modeling
12.2.1 Physical dimensions in design (i): Dimensions and units
12.2.2 Physical dimensions in design (ii): Significant figures
12.2.3 Physical dimensions in design (iii): Dimensional analysis
12.2.4 Physical idealizations, mathematical approximations, and linearity
12.2.5 Conservation and balance laws
12.2.6 Series and parallel connections
12.2.7 Mechanical–electrical analogies
12.3 Modeling a battery-powered payload cart
12.3.1 Modeling the mechanics of moving a payload cart up a ramp
12.3.2 Selecting a battery and battery operating characteristics
12.3.3 Selecting a motor and motor operating characteristics
12.4 Design modeling of a ladder rung
12.4.1 Modeling a ladder rung as an elementary beam
12.5 Preliminary design of a ladder rung
12.5.1 Preliminary design considerations for a ladder rung
12.5.2 Preliminary design of a ladder rung for stiffness
12.5.3 Preliminary design of a ladder rung for strength
12.6 Closing remarks on mathematics, physics, and design
CHAPTER 13 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS IN DESIGN How much is this going to cost?
13.1 Cost estimation: How much does this particular design cost?
13.1.1 Labor, materials, and overhead costs
13.1.2 Economies of scale: Do we make it or buy it?
13.1.3 The cost of design and the cost of the designed device
13.3 Closing considerations on engineering and economics
14.1 Design for production: Can this design be made?
14.1.1 Design for manufacturing (DFM)
14.1.2 Design for assembly (DFA)
14.1.3 The bill of materials and production
14.2 Design for use: How long will this design work?
14.3 Design for sustainability: What about the environment?
14.3.1 Environmental issues and design
14.3.3 Environmental life-cycle assessments
PART V DESIGN TEAMS, TEAM MANAGEMENT, AND ETHICS IN DESIGN
CHAPTER 15 DESIGN TEAM DYNAMICS We can do this together, as a team!
15.1.1 Stages of group formation
15.1.2 Team dynamics and design process activities
15.2 Constructive conflict: Enjoying a good fight
15.3.1 Leadership and membership in teams
15.3.2 Personal behavior and roles in team settings
16.1 Getting started: Establishing the managerial needs of a project
16.2 Tools for managing a project's scope
16.2.2 Work breakdown structures
16.3 The team calendar: A tool for managing a project's schedule
16.4 The budget: A tool for managing a project's spending
16.5 Monitoring and controlling projects: Measuring a project's progress
16.6 Managing the end of a project
CHAPTER 17 ETHICS IN DESIGN Design is not just a technical matter
17.1 Ethics: Understanding obligations
17.2 Codes of ethics: What are our professional obligations?
17.3 Obligations may start with the client …
17.4 … But what about the public and the profession?
17.5 On engineering practice and the welfare of the public
17.6 Ethics: Always a part of engineering practice
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PROTOTYPING
What size temporary fastener should I choose?
APPENDIX B PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING
Metric versus inch dimensioning
Orienting, spacing, and placing dimensions
Some best practices of dimensioning
B.3 How do I know my part meets the specifications in my drawing?