Appendix E. Hazardous Chemicals Data for a Variety of Chemical Substances

Table AE-1 Hazardous Chemicals Data for a Variety of Chemical Substances

 

 

Threshold limit valuea (TLV)

 

NFPA ratingsc

Compound

Molecular weight

TWA (ppm)

STEL (ppm)

C (ppm)

OSHAb 8-hour PEL (ppm)

Health

Flammability

Instability

Acetaldehyde

44.05

 

 

25

200

2

4

2

Acetic acid

60.00

10

15

 

10

3

2

0

Acetic anhydride

102.9

5

 

 

5

3

2

1

Acetone

58.05

500

750

 

1000

1

3

0

Acrolein

56.06

 

 

0.1

0.1

4

3

3

Acrylic acid

72.06

2

 

 

 

3

2

2

Acrylonitrile

53.05

2

 

 

1910.1045R

4

3

2

Alkane gases, C1-C4

–

1000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ammonia

17.03

25

35

50

50

3

1

0

Aniline

93.12

2

 

 

5S

2

2

0

Arsenic

74.92

0.01 mg/m3

 

 

1910.1010R

 

 

 

Arsine

77.95

0.005

 

 

0.05

4

4

2

Benzene

78.11

0.5

2.5

 

1910.1028R

1

3

0

Biphenyl

154.20

0.05

0.15

 

0.2

1

1

0

Bromine

159.81

0.1

0.2

 

0.1

3

0

0OX

1,3-Butadiene

54.09

2

 

 

1910.1051R

2

4

2

n-Butanol

74.12

20

 

 

100

3

3

0

sec-Butanol

74.12

100

 

 

150

 

 

 

tert-Butanol

74.12

100

 

 

100

 

 

 

Butene

56.11

250

 

 

 

1

4

0

Butyraldehyde

72.1

 

 

 

 

3

3

2

Butyric acid

88.1

 

 

 

 

3

2

0

Calcium carbide

64.1

 

 

 

 

3

3

2W

Caprolactum

113.16

5 mg/m3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Carbon dioxide

44.01

5000

 

 

5000

 

 

 

Carbon disulfide

76.14

1

 

 

 

3

4

0

Carbon monoxide

28.01

25

 

 

50

2

4

0

Carbon tetrachloride

153.84

5

 

 

 

3

0

0

Chlorine

70.91

0.5

1

 

1

4

0

0OX

Chlorine dioxide

67.46

0.1

0.3

 

0.1

 

 

 

Chlorobenzene

112.56

10

 

 

75

3

3

0

Chloroform

119.38

10

 

 

(C) 50

2

0

0

Chlorosulfonic acid

116.5

 

 

 

 

4

0

2W,OX

Crotonaldehyde

70.09

 

 

0.3

2

4

3

2

Cumene

120.90

50

 

 

50S

2

3

1

Cyclohexane

84.16

100

 

 

300

1

3

0

Cyclohexanol

100.16

50

 

 

50

1

2

0

Cyclohexanone

98.14

20

50

 

50

1

2

0

Cyclohexene

82.14

300

 

 

300

1

3

0

Cyclopentane

70.13

600

 

 

 

1

3

0

Diborane

27.69

0.1

 

 

0.1

4

4

3W

1,1-Dichloroethane

98.97

100

 

 

100

1

3

0

1,2-Dichloroethylene

96.95

200

 

 

200

2

4

2

Dichloromethane = methylene chloride

84.93

50

125

 

25

2

1

0

Diesel fuel

–

100 mg/m3

 

 

 

1

2

0

Diethylamine

73.14

5

15

 

25

3

3

0

Diethyl ether

74.1

 

 

 

 

1

4

1

Diethyl ketone

86.13

200

300

 

 

1

3

0

Dimethylamine

45.08

5

15

 

10

3

4

0

1,4-Dioxane

88.10

20

 

 

100

2

3

1

Epichlorohydrin

92.53

0.5

 

 

5

4

3

2

Ethyl acetate

88.10

400

 

 

400

1

3

0

Ethyl alcohol

46.07

 

1000

 

1000

2

3

0

Ethylamine

45.08

5

15

 

10

3

4

0

Ethyl benzene

106.16

100

125

 

100

2

3

0

Ethyl bromide

108.98

5

 

 

200

3

3

0

Ethyl chloride

64.52

100

 

 

1000

2

4

0

Ethylene

28.05

200

 

 

 

2

4

2

Ethylene dichloride

98.96

10

 

 

3

2

3

0

Ethylene glycol

62.07

 

 

100 mg/m3

(C) 0.2

2

1

0

Ethylene oxide

44.05

1

 

 

1910.1047R

3

4

3

Ethyl ether

74.12

400

500

 

400

1

4

1

Ethyl mercaptan

62.13

0.5

 

 

(C) 10

2

4

1

Fluorine

38.00

1

2

 

0.1

4

0

4W

Formaldehyde

30.03

 

 

0.3

1910.1048R

3

4

0

Formic acid

46.02

5

10

 

5

3

2

0

Furfural

96.08

2

 

 

5

3

2

1

Gasoline

–

300

500

 

 

1

3

0

Heptane, all isomers

100.20

400

500

 

500

1

1

3

Hexachloroethane

236.74

1

 

 

1

 

 

 

n-Hexane

86.18

50

 

 

500

1

3

0

Hexane, other isomers

86.18

500

1000

 

 

 

 

 

Hydrazine

32.05

0.01

 

 

1

4

4

3

Hydrogen bromide

80.92

 

 

2

3

 

 

 

Hydrogen chloride

36.47

 

 

2

(C) 5

3

0

1

Hydrogen cyanide

27.03

 

 

4.7

10

4

4

2

Hydrogen fluoride

20.01

0.5

 

2

 

4

0

1

Hydrogen peroxide

34.02

1

 

 

1

 

 

 

40% to 60%

 

 

 

 

 

3

0

1OX

>60%

 

 

 

 

 

3

0

3OX

Hydrogen sulfide

34.08

10

15

 

10

4

4

0

Iodine

 

0.01

0.1

 

(C) 0.1

 

 

 

Isobutyl alcohol

74.12

50

 

 

100

2

3

0

Isopropyl ether

102.17

250

310

 

500

2

3

1

Kerosene

 

200 mg/m3

 

 

 

2

2

0

Ketene

42.04

1.5

 

 

0.5

 

 

 

Maleic anhydride

98.06

0.1

 

 

0.25

3

1

1

Methacrylic acid

86.1

 

 

 

 

3

2

2

Methyl acetate

74.08

200

250

 

200

2

3

0

Methyl acetylene

40.07

1000

 

 

1000

 

 

 

Methyl alcohol

32.04

200

250

 

200

1

3

0

Methylamine

31.06

5

15

 

10

3

4

0

Methyl bromide

94.05

1

 

 

(C) 20S

3

1

0

Methyl chloride

50.49

50

100

 

 

2

4

0

Methyl ethyl ketone

72.10

200

300

 

200

1

3

0

Methyl formate

60.05

100

150

 

150

2

4

0

Methyl isocyanate

57.05

0.02

 

 

0.02S

4

3

2W

Methyl mercaptan

48.11

0.5

 

 

(C) 10

4

4

1

Naphthalene

128.19

10

15

 

10

2

2

0

Nitric acid

63.02

2

4

 

2

 

 

 

Nitric oxide

30.01

25

 

 

25

 

 

 

Nitrobenzene

123.11

1

 

 

1S

3

2

1

Nitrogen dioxide

46.01

3

5

 

(C) 5

 

 

 

Nitromethane

61.04

20

 

 

100

2

3

4

Nitrogen oxides

 

 

 

 

 

3

0

0OX

Nitrous oxide

44.02

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonane

128.26

200

 

 

 

1

3

0

Octane, all isomers

114.22

300

 

 

500

1

3

0

Oxalic acid

90.04

1 mg/m3

2 mg/m3

 

1 mg/m3

3

1

0

Ozone

48.00

 

 

 

0.1

 

 

 

Heavy work:

 

0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

Moderate work:

 

0.08

 

 

 

 

 

 

Light work:

 

0.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

< 2 hours:

 

0.20

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pentane, all isomers

72.15

600

 

 

1000

1

4

0

Phenol

94.11

5

 

 

5S

4

2

0

Phosgene

98.92

0.1

 

 

0.1

4

0

1

Phosphine

34.00

0.3

 

 

0.3

4

4

2

Phosphoric acid

98.00

1 mg/m3

3 mg/m3

 

1 mg/m3

3

0

0

Phthalic anhydride

148.11

1

 

 

2

3

1

0

Picric acid

229.11

0.1 mg/m3

 

 

0.1 mg/m3

3

4

4

Polyvinyl chloride

 

1 mg/m3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Propylene

42.08

500

 

 

 

1

4

1

Propylene oxide

58.08

2

 

 

100

3

4

2

Pyridine

79.10

1

 

 

5

3

3

0

Sodium

22.9

 

 

 

 

3

3

2W

Sodium cyanide

49.0

 

 

 

 

3

0

0

Sodium hydroxide

40.0

 

 

2 mg/m3

2 mg/m3

3

0

1

Styrene, monomer

104.16

20

40

 

2 mg/m3

2

3

2

Sulfur dioxide, liquid

64.07

 

0.25

 

5

3

0

0

Sulfuric acid, aqueous

–

0.2 mg/m3

 

 

1 mg/m3

3

0

2W

Tetrachloroethylene

165.80

25

100

 

2 mg/m3

2

0

0

Toluene

92.13

20

 

 

2 mg/m3

2

3

0

Trichloroethylene

131.40

10

25

 

2 mg/m3

2

1

0

Triethylamine

101.19

1

3

 

 

3

3

0

Trimethylamine

59.1

5

15

 

 

3

4

0

Turpentine

~136

20

 

 

100

1

3

0

Vinyl acetate

86.09

10

15

 

 

2

3

2

Vinyl bromide

106.96

0.5

 

 

 

2

4

1

Vinyl chloride

62.50

1

 

 

1910.1017R

2

4

2

Vinyl fluoride

46.05

1

 

 

 

2

4

2

Xylene

106.16

100

150

 

100

2

3

0

aThreshold limit value (TLV) data from American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), 2009 TLVs and BEIs (Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 2009). Please check ACGIH for updated values.

bU.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), www.osha.gov.

cNFPA ratings from National Fire Protection Association, Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials (Quincy, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 2002).

Notes:

(C): Ceiling limit.

OX: Oxidizer.

R: These chemicals have a specific OSHA regulation. See the OSHA document referenced at www.osha.gov.

S: These chemicals have an OSHA skin designation. This means that these chemicals can be absorbed through the skin.

W: Water-reactive.

The absence of data does not indicate nonhazardous properties, just that data are not reported.

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