In this chapter we cover three features: books, lists, and indexing.
In QuarkXPress, a book is an umbrella file that’s used for organizing and synchronizing multiple chapter files. A book can be any kind of publication that comprises more than one QuarkXPress file (e.g., magazine, newsletter, manual). Once individual book chapter files are united into a book, all of its style sheets, colors, H&Js, lists, and dashes & stripes are then derived from the file that you designate as the master, and page numbering flows continuously from one file to the next. In a workgroup situation, individual chapters of a book can be open and edited simultaneously on a network. If a book is edited at one station, any open copies of the same book on other stations will update automatically. Each book has its own book palette and can contain up to 1,000 chapters.
A list is a compilation, from one or more projects, of text passages that have the same paragraph or character style sheet applied to them. A common use for this feature would be to construct a table of contents. Via the Lists palette, you can choose options, such as whether the list will be alphabetized and whether it will include page numbers.
And lastly, you can create an index by manually tagging individual entries in a layout and then assigning an indent level and other formats to each entry via the Index palette (yup, it’s as time-consuming as it sounds!). You can generate a different index for each layout in a project or an index for an entire book.
Before creating a book, you need a master file. Specifications from this master will be applied to all the book chapters.
Create a new file that contains only the master page(s), style sheets, colors, H&Js, lists, and dashes & stripes that you want all the chapter files to share. Insert the Current Page Number character (Cmd-3/Ctrl-3) into a text box on the master page. Save the file (you can include the word “master” in the title to help prevent confusion later).
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Open an existing file, and use File > Save As to save a copy of it (use the word “master” in the name). Delete all the text and all the pages except the first page, then resave the file. As with a new file, make sure it contains only the master pages, style sheets, colors, H&Js, lists, and dashes & stripes that you want all the chapter files to share, and make sure it contains the Current Page Number command in a text box on the master page.
You can use File > Append to append style sheets, colors, lists, etc. from any other file to the master.
Note: If no chapter name is selected when you click the Add Chapter button, the new chapter will be added at the end of the list. If a chapter name is selected when you click the Add Chapter button, the new chapter will be added directly after the selected one.
Note: A project can be added to a book only if it contains one, and only one, print layout. If it contains more than one layout, make copies of the project using Save As, delete all the layouts but one in each copy, then add any of those separate files to the book.
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Click Include All to include all the items in the currently displayed category.
Remove All removes all the items in the current category from the Including window; Reset All eliminates your selections from all categories.
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Click Synch All to synchronize everything from the master file to the chapter files.
Once chapters have been added to a book, all you have to do is double-click a chapter name on the palette to open that chapter.
A chapter file can be part of only one book at a time. To get around this, you can open the file and make a copy of it (being sure to change its name) using File > Save As. Then you can use the copy in a different book.
On the Book palette, click a chapter name, then click the Move Chapter Up button or Move Chapter Down button –.
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Drag a chapter name upward or downward to a new spot on the chapter list .
If you work with a book on a network, you’ll need to look in the Status column on the Book palette to find out if someone else on the network has a chapter of that book open. On a network, chapters should always be opened and closed from the server.
Available means that the chapter can be opened.
Open means that the chapter is open at your station.
[Other station name] means that the chapter is open at another station on the network.
Modified means that the chapter was opened and edited outside the book when the Book palette was closed. To update it, double-click the chapter name on the Book palette, then close the newly opened project window.
Missing means that the chapter was moved. To relink the chapter to the book, double-click its name on the palette, then locate and open the file.
There are two ways to number pages in a book, both of which we discuss below. With either method, for any numbering to show up on any layout pages, the Current Page Number character (Cmd-3/Ctrl-3) must be inserted into a text box on the master page of the master file.
One option is to let the page numbering occur automatically without doing anything. Chapters will have their pages numbered sequentially, and Book Chapter Start will be checked in the Page > Section dialog box for each one .
A second option is to control the numbering yourself. On the Book palette, double-click the name of the chapter that is to begin a section, choose Page > Section, check Section Start , then enter a Number. Choose other options just as you would for a normal file. Section numbering will proceed through subsequent chapters up to the next section start, if there is one. You can make the first chapter (not the master) the beginning of the section, thus keeping the master outside the main flow of pages.
All book chapters adopt either the number format used in the first chapter file that’s listed on the Book palette or any manual Section Start that occurs in any chapter that’s listed above other chapters. Also, any master file counts as a page. To have chapter 1 start as page 1, set up a custom page number of 1 in the Section dialog box for that chapter.
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To selectively print more than one chapter, Cmd-click/Ctrl-click individual chapter names, or click and then Shift-click to select consecutively listed chapters.
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To print a whole book, make sure no chapter names are selected (click in the blank area below the chapter names), and make sure no chapters have a Missing or Modified status or are open at another station on the network.
The purpose of the Lists feature is to generate a table of contents or other list for a layout (or a book), with or without page reference numbers, and with or without alphabetization . It works by grabbing chapters names and numbers, section subheads, captions, sidebars, reference tables, etc. from a layout by searching for the style sheets that are assigned to paragraphs and characters.
For example, let’s say you want all your text that has been assigned a subhead style to be gathered into a table of contents. First you use the Edit List dialog box to specify which style sheets are to be searched for. Then you decide how the list will be formatted. And finally, you use the Lists palette to preview and build the actual list.
To summarize, these are the basic steps you’ll follow to create a list:
• Create a list definition by choosing which style sheets you want the program to search for throughout the layout or book, and by choosing format options.
• Preview the list in the scroll window on the Lists palette.
• Build the actual list in a text box in a layout.
To create and build a list definition for a project, follow the instructions starting on this page. To create and build a list for a book, follow the instructions on pages 350–351. The list definition you create draws only from the currently active layout when you preview and build it, but it can be reused for any other layouts in the same project or appended to other projects.
To add multiple style sheets at a time, click and then Shift-click to select a consecutive series, or Cmd-click/Ctrl-click to select multiple style sheet names individually, then click the right-pointing arrow. (Click the left-pointing arrow if you need to remove a style sheet from the Styles in List area.) You can select both paragraph and character style sheets for a list.
The Level of indent text you want that style sheet content to have in the list (1, 2, 3, and so on) . For example, you might assign level 1 to chapter names, the level 2 to headers, the level 3 to subheads, and so on.
A page Numbering style . Choose Text...Page # if you want the page number to follow the text; choose Page #...Text if you want the page number to precede the text. Choose “Text only” if you don’t want page numbers to appear at all.
Which style sheet (from the Format As menu) will be applied to that text category . If you created a style sheet(s) specifically for the list, this is the time to choose it.
Do the same for the other style sheets.
In the Lists dialog box, click Duplicate to duplicate the currently selected list if you want to create a variation of it; click Delete to remove the currently selected list. To append a list from another project, follow the intructions for appending specifications on pages 49–50.
The maximum number of style sheets that can be chosen for a list definition is 32. The maximum number of characters per paragraph that a list can contain is 256.
For a list level that contains page number references, choose a style sheet with a right tab and a dot leader. The tab character will be inserted automatically.
Once a list definition has been created and saved with your Levels, Numbering, and Format As (style sheet) choices, it’s time to use the Lists palette to preview and build the actual list.
A list also can be appended to the end of a block of text. For example, you can write an introductory paragraph, and then have the list start after that paragraph.
Beware! Don’t delete any style sheets from a project that were used in a list. If you do, text that those style sheets were assigned to won’t appear on the list when you build it.
The stacking order of text boxes determines how entries will be listed, with the frontmost box on a page appearing first. If your chapter title box is stacked in front of the chapter number box, the chapter title will be listed first.
Note: Before executing these instructions, make sure the book’s master file contains all the style sheets that are used in the book and a list definition has been created for that master. Also make sure that all the book chapters have a status of Available.
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Click Append, locate and open the file that contains the list definition you want to use, click the name, click the right-pointing arrow, click OK , and finally, respond to any name conflicts.
If you renumber or rearrange pages in a book, you’ll have to update and rebuild the list to make it current.
Perform the following steps after creating and updating a list definition for your book file (instructions on the previous page).
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Click Replace to replace the current list with the new list .
You can’t undo either operation.
You can reformat a built list manually or apply different style sheets to it, but such changes will be lost if you rebuild the list using the Replace option.
Indexes are layout-specific, so you’ll need to build a different index for each layout in a project. You can also build an index that covers all the chapters in a book. Building an index requires four main steps, in roughly this order:
• Create the style sheets for the index itself, for letter headings, for the entries themselves, etc.
• Mark all the text that is to be referenced in the index.
• Build the index –.
• Look over the index, and edit it where necessary.
Use the Index palette to mark and format index references for individual text strings in a layout. This is a time-consuming process. After that you’ll build the index itself in the same file or in a separate file.
This is also a good time to create all the other style sheets that you want to use in the built index. An index can have either a nested or run-in format (see the illustrations on the previous page). You can edit the style sheets later.
For a nested index, you’ll need a style sheet for the First Level text passages as well as a style sheet for each subsequent indent level. In the Edit Style Sheet dialog box, you can use the Based On option for this, and apply progressively larger Left Indent values for the Second, Third, and Fourth Level styles.
Also create a style sheet for letter headings if you’re going to use them (A, B, C, and so on). Apply a Space Before value via Style > Formats, and choose a bolder font than the body text for that style sheet so it stands out.
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Select any text in the layout that you want to create an entry for; it will display in the Text field on the Index palette (, previous page). Change the text in this field if you want to create a broad category for the entry as opposed to having the item be indexed as written.
Selection Start to specify the page on which the entry is located. If the entry spans more than one page, the page where the selection starts will be used.
Selection Text to specify the page(s) of a block of text.
To Style to specify the range from the selection start (or cursor position) to a style sheet you choose from the adjoining menu.
Specified # ¶’s to specify a range spanning the exact number of paragraphs that you enter in the adjoining field.
To End Of to specify either the end of the story or the end of the layout, whichever you choose from the menu. Choose this option for the title of any section that you want listed as a range of pages (e.g., “42–58”).
Suppress Page # to suppress the page number. This is a good idea when you want to include a broad category, say “Preferences,” that will have second-level items, such as “Application preferences” and “Layout preferences.”
Cross-Reference to create a cross-reference for the current text. Choose “See,” “See also,” or “See herein” and enter the reference in the text field on the right.
If you double-click an index entry’s page number on the palette, the text will become selected in the layout.
To delete an entry, click it in the scroll window on the Index palette, click the Delete button on the palette, then click OK (you can’t undo this!). No need to select the text in the layout; the brackets will be removed automatically.
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Click the entry’s reference (page number or cross-reference) in the scroll window (click the arrowhead/+ to reveal it, if necessary), then change the Reference: Style or Scope. The reference will update immediately.
If you want to add an entry a second time, as a Second Level entry under a different First Level entry, you can’t add it the same way. You’ll need to follow these instructions instead.
Before building or rebuilding an index, you can use the Index pane of the Preferences dialog box to specify which punctuation marks will be used in the index.
Following Entry is the punctuation to follow each index entry (e.g., the comma in “Biscuit,”).
Between Page Numbers is the punctuation between nonconsecutive page numbers (as in “34, 77”).
Between Page Range is the punctuation used to define a range of pages (as in “24–102”). Use an en dash (Option-hyphen/Ctrl-Alt-Shift-hyphen).
Before Cross-Reference is the punctuation that’s used before a “See” cross-reference (as in “Biscuit, 20. See also Rolls”). (This character will replace the chosen “Following Entry” character, when necessary.)
The Cross-Reference Style pop-up menu lists all the character style sheets in your project. Choose a style for the cross-referenced words, such as “See” or “See also.”
Between Entries is the punctuation between entries in a run-in style index (as in “frog, 17; toad, 18”) and the ending punctuation in paragraphs in a nested style index.
Follow these instructions to build the actual index after the layout or book project has been marked for indexing and the pagination is finalized.
Note: Before building an index, you can choose Index Preferences (previous page).
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Choose Format: Run-in to string the index entry levels together in paragraph form following the First Level entry. They will be separated by the Between Entries punctuation mark that you chose in Index Preferences.
Check Entire Book to index an entire set of book files .
Check Replace Existing Index to replace an existing, previously built index with the newly built index.
Check Add Letter Headings to separate each alphabetical group of index entries by the appropriate letter of the alphabet (, previous page). Choose a Style sheet for the headings from the menu.
For the Nested format, choose a paragraph style sheet for each level of indent (First Level, Second Level, Third Level, and Fourth Level).
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For the Run-in format, choose a First Level style sheet.
After building an index, if you want to edit any of the style sheets that were assigned via the Level Styles area of the Build Index dialog box, use Edit > Style Sheets. This index, and any other index that uses those style sheets, will update to reflect your changes. These changes will also be applied if you rebuild the index.