Find the slope and the y-intercept of the graph of the linear equation. Then write the equation of the line in slope–intercept form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Write a slope–intercept equation for a line with the given characteristics.
7. , y-intercept (0, 4)
8. , y-intercept (0, 5)
9. , y-intercept (0, −7)
10. , y-intercept (0, −6)
11. , y-intercept
12. , y-intercept
13. , passes through (3, 7)
14. , passes through (5, 6)
15. , passes through (−2, 8)
16. , passes through (−5, 1)
17. , passes through (−4, −1)
18. , passes through (−4, −5)
19. Passes through (−1, 5) and (2, −4)
20. Passes through and
21. Passes through (7, 0) and (−1, 4)
22. Passes through (−3, 7) and (−1, −5)
23. Passes through (0, −6) and (3, −4)
24. Passes through (−5, 0) and
25. Passes through (−4, 7.3) and (0, 7.3)
26. Passes through (−13, −5) and (0, 0)
Write equations of the horizontal lines and the vertical lines that pass through the given point.
27. (0, −3)
28.
29.
30.
31. Find a linear function h given and . Then find .
32. Find a linear function g given and . Then find .
33. Find a linear function f given and . Then find .
34. Find a linear function h given and . Then find .
Determine whether the pair of lines is parallel, perpendicular, or neither.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
Write a slope–intercept equation for a line passing through the given point that is parallel to the given line. Then write a second equation for a line passing through the given point that is perpendicular to the given line.
43. (3, 5),
44. (−1, 6),
45. (−7, 0),
46. (−4, −5),
47. (3, −2),
48. (8, −2),
49. (3, −3),
50. (4, −5),
Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false.
51. The lines and are perpendicular.
52. The lines and are perpendicular.
53. The lines and are parallel.
54. The intersection of the lines and is .
55. The lines and are perpendicular.
56. The lines and are perpendicular.
In Exercises 57–60, determine whether a linear model might fit the data.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61. Internet Use. The following table illustrates the growth in worldwide Internet use.
Model the data with a linear function. Let the independent variable represent the number of years after 2006; that is, the data points are , and so on. Answers may vary depending on the data points used.
Using the function found in part (a), estimate the number of world Internet users in 2017 and in 2020.
Year, x | Number of World Internet Users, y (in billions) |
---|---|
2006, 0 | 1.093 |
2007, 1 | 1.319 |
2008, 2 | 1.574 |
2009, 3 | 1.802 |
2010, 4 | 1.971 |
2011, 5 | 2.267 |
2012, 6 | 2.497 |
2013, 7 | 2.749 |
Source: Internet and Facebook World Stats |
62. Cremations. The following table illustrates the upward trend in America to choose cremation.
Model the data with a linear function. Let the independent variable represent the number of years after 2005. Answers may vary depending on the data points used.
Using the function found in part (a), estimate the percentage of deaths followed by cremation in 2011 and in 2016.
Year, x | Percentage of Deaths Followed by Cremation, y |
---|---|
2005, 0 | 32.2% |
2006, 1 | 33.5 |
2007, 2 | 34.3 |
2008, 3 | 35.3 |
2009, 4 | 36.7 |
2010, 5 | 40.6 |
Source: Cremation Association of North America |
63. Electricity Use. Data on the average annual household use of electricity, in kilowatt-hours, are listed in the following table. Model the data with a linear function and predict the average annual household electricity use in 2019. Answers may vary depending on the data points used.
Year, x | Annual Electricity Use (in kilowatt-hours) |
---|---|
2010, 0 | 11,504 |
2011, 1 | 11,280 |
2012, 2 | 10,837 |
2013, 3 | 10,819 |
Source: Energy Information Administration |
64. Median Household Income. Data on the median household income in the United States (adjusted for inflation) are listed in the following table. Model the data with a linear function, estimate the median household income in 2009, and predict the median household income in 2017. Answers may vary depending on the data points used.
Year, x | Median Household Income in the United States |
---|---|
2006, 0 | $54,892 |
2008, 2 | 53,644 |
2010, 4 | 51,893 |
2012, 6 | 51,017 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau |
65. Bottled Water. Data on the per-capita consumption, in gallons, of bottled water in the United States are given in the following table. Model the data with a linear function and predict the per-capita consumption of bottled water in 2017. Answers may vary depending on the data points used.
Year, x | Per-Capita Consumption of Bottled Water (in gallons) |
---|---|
2009, 0 | 27.6 |
2010, 1 | 28.3 |
2011, 2 | 29.2 |
2012, 3 | 30.8 |
2013, 4 | 32.0 |
Source: Beverage Marketing Corporation |
66. Accessing the Internet by Smartphone. Data on the percentage of adults who access the Internet by smartphone are given in the following table. Model the data with a linear function and predict the percentage of adults in 2016 who will access the Internet using a smartphone.
Year, x | Percentage of Adults Who Access the Internet with a Smartphone |
---|---|
2009, 0 | 31% |
2010, 1 | 43 |
2011, 2 | 47 |
2012, 3 | 55 |
2013, 4 | 63 |
Source: Pew Internet and American Life Project |
Find the slope of the line containing the given points.
67. (5, 7) and (5, −7) [1.3]
68. (2, −8) and (−5, −1) [1.3]
Find an equation for a circle satisfying the given conditions.
69. Center (0, 3), diameter of length 5 [1.1]
70. Center (−7, −1), radius of length [1.1]
71. Find k so that the line containing the points (−3, k) and (4, 8) is parallel to the line containing the points (5, 3) and (1, −6).
72. Find an equation of the line passing through the point (4, 5) and perpendicular to the line passing through the points (−1, 3) and (2, 9).
73. Road Grade. Using the following figure, find the road grade and an equation giving the height y as a function of the horizontal distance x.