2.4. WHAT DIMENSION ARE YOU IN? 25
1. e strain components do not vary through the thickness, i. e., they are functions of x and
y only.
2. Externally applied forces are functions of x and y only.
3. e out-of-plane strain components are identically zero, i. e.,
z
D 0
xz
D
zx
D 0
yz
D
zy
D 0:
For such cases in FEA, a two-dimensional solid or continuum plane strain element is used.
x
y
zz
x
y
z
Figure 2.12: A state of plane strain will often result in thick sections with loads applied in the plane.
2.4.3 ANALOGY OF PLANE STRESS AND PLANE STRAIN
For similar cross sections, a solution derived for plane stress is strictly analogous to those for plane
strain when using the conversions listed in Table 2.1.
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