Index
Numerics
1/8-inch audio min-jacks, 258
1.44MB floppy drive, 485
3-claw parts retrieval tool, 3
3.5 inch floppy drives, 486
BIOS, configuring, 489-490
installing, 489
maintaining, 492
8P8C (8 position, 8 contact), 770
10BASE5, 773
10BASE-T, 766
12V power supplies, 161
32-bit processors, versus 64-bit, 95
64-bit processors, versus 32-bit, 95
100BASE-TX, 766
802.11 WLAN printer support, 446
802.11b, 767
802.11g, 767
802.11n, 767
1000BASE-T, 766
A
AC adapters, for portable/laptop computers, 350-352
AC power supplies, troubleshooting on portable/laptop computers, 374
access control
event logging, 408-409
for operating systems
groups, 406
permissions, 407-408
UAC, 405-406
user accounts, 405
accessing BIOS setup program, 122-123
accessory bays, 334
accident incident handling, 830
account levels, 405
ACPI (advanced configuration and power interface), 351, 355
active heat sinks, 187
active-matrix LCD screens, 344
adapter cards
installing, 105-109
troubleshooting, 110-111
adding
items to Start menu, 571-572
LPT ports, 254
serial ports, 247
USB ports, 230
adjusting
brightness on laptop computers, 361
contrast on laptop computers, 361
paging file, 636
shared video memory, 361
Start menu properties, 573
administrator accounts, 405
password, configuring for wireless networks, 397
Advanced BIOS Settings/Features menu
BIOS setup program, 132-133
Advanced Boot Options, 691-693
advanced display properties, troubleshooting picture quality, 318-319
adware, 419
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), 778
AGP slots, 63
AMD processors, 86-88
cache memory, 93
sockets, 89
AMR (audio modem riser) slots, 66-67
analog multimeters, 175
ANSI/IEEE C62.41 Category A standard, 181
answer file, 659
antenna wires, troubleshooting, 379
antistatic spray, 820
antistatic wrist straps, 4
APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller), 43
applications, 33
GPFs, troubleshooting, 721-722
performance tuning, 642-643
troubleshooting, 714-716
unresponsive, stopping, 643
APs
administrator password, configuring, 397
configuring, 394
firmware, configuring, 399
MAC address filtering, configuring, 396-397
NAT, configuring, 399
SSID, configuring, 394-395
archive files, 596
ASR (Automated System Recovery), 700-701
ATA RAID arrays, configuring, 504-508
ATA specifications, 495-496
ATA/IDE hard drives
installing, 496-498
performance, optimizing
disk-cache settings, 512
DMA transfers, 510-511
IDE block mode, 510
IDE busmastering drivers, 510
transfer rates, 508-509
Athlon processors, 87
atmospheric hazards, 829
attaching
cables to internal/external drives, 36
VGA cables, 38-39
attended installation, 662-663
ATTRIB command, 595-598
ATX motherboards
form factor, 57
installing, 74-75
auditing, 408-409
authentication, 389-390
Auto Restart errors, troubleshooting, 709-710
automatic BIOS configuration, 127-128
automatic CMOS configuration, 127-128
autoranging, 175
autoswitching power supplies, 164
avast! BART CD, 851
avoiding power supply hazards, 178-180
B
Backup Status and Configuration (Windows Vista), 602
ASR, 700-701
image backups, 733
NTBackup, 599-602
performing, 733
restoring
Complete PC Backup, 699-700
System Restore, 629
baiting, 404
bandwidth
measuring, 14-15
parallel transfers, 15-16
serial transfers, 16-17
bar code readers, 262
installing, 268
barrel distortion, 317
base 2, 6
base 10, 6
base 16, 6
batteries
disposing, 815
for portable/laptop computers, 349-350
removing from laptops, 366-367
battery backup units, 182-184
BCD (Boot Configuration Data), 575
beep codes, 145-146
bidirectional mode, LPT ports, configuring, 251
binary files, 593
binary numbering system, 6-7
converting to decimal, 787
installing, 270
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System), 115, 119-121
chip, replacing, 151-153
configuring, 124-128
configuring
for floppy drives, 489-490
for PATA hard drives, 501-503
for SATA hard drives, 503
POST, 144
beep codes, 145-146
error messages, 146
hex codes, 147
security features, 409-410
setup program
accessing, 122-123
Advanced BIOS Settings/Features menu, 132-133
exiting, 143
Hardware Monitor menu, 140-142
Integrated Peripherals menu, 133, 136-138
main menu, 128
PnP/PCI Configurations menu, 139
Power Management menu, 138
Processor and Memory Configuration menu, 141-142
security features, 142
Standard Features/Settings menu, 129, 132
updating, 148-150
video card settings, 300-301
BitLocker, 401
bits, 10
printer support, 445
BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connectors, 774
boot disk, starting Windows XP installation, 661-662
boot errors
Windows Vista, 718-719
Windows XP/2000, 719
boot sequence
Windows Vista, 575
Windows XP, 575
Boot.ini, 576
NTBOOTDD.SYS, 577
NTDETECT.COM, 577
NTLDR, 577
Boot.ini, 576
Bootcfg, 576
Bootmgr, 575
BRI (Basic Rate Interface), 752
brightness, adjusting on laptop computers, 361
broadband Internet services, 753
cable Internet, 755
DSL, 753
satellite Internet, 755-756
BSOD errors, troubleshooting, 707-709
BTX motherboards, 57-59
cooling systems, 187
installing, 74-75
removing, 71-73
bus topology, 764
bus-powered hubs, 231
bytes, 10-11
C
C-shaped paper path, 469
cable Internet, 755
cabling
attaching to external/internal drives, 36
coaxial, 773
fiber-optic, 771-773
IEEE 1394, 255
LPT ports, 249-252
plenum, 774
PVC, 774
RG-11, 774
SCSI, 235-236
serial, 243
STP, 769-771
UTP, 769-771
cache memory, 93
calculating bytes, 11
calibrating printers, 449
cans, disposing, 816
CardBus network adapters, 776
case fans, 191-192
categories of UTP/STP cabling, 770
CD command, 618
CD drives, 512
speed ratings, 513
CD-R drives, 513
CD-ROM drives, troubleshooting, 533, 535-539
CD-RW drives, 513
CDs, recording
in Windows Vista, 516-517
in Windows XP, 514-515
Celeron processors, 84
cellular Internet connectivity, 768
Centronics ports, 257
certifications, 33
charging corona wire, 430
chemical solvents, disposing, 816
chip creep, 78
chipsets
cooling, 188
firmware, 33
chkdsk.exe, 603-604
Classic mode (Windows Vista), 552
clean installs, performing for Windows Vista, 656-659
cleaning
floppy disk drives, 492
printers, 474-476
cleaning tools, 852-854
clearing print queue, 467-468
client interview process, 702-703, 839-842
client/server network model, 743
clients, 743
cloning laptop displays, 364
cmd.exe, internal commands, 607-609
CMOS, 120-121
Checksum errors, 153
configuring, 127-128
CNR (communications network riser) slots, 67
coaxial cable, 773
color depth, 313-314
color laser printers, 430, 441
.COM files, 593
COM ports. See also serial ports
combo cards, 776
Combo PC Cards, 337
command prompt, 563-564
sessions, starting, 607
command-line options (Windows Explorer), 605-606
commands
ATTRIB, 596-598
CD, 618
COPY, 612-613
DIR, 610-611
EDIT, 611-612
FORMAT.EXE, 615-616
HELP, 609
internal commands, 607-609
MD, 618
net, 802
nslookup, 804
RD, 618
tracert, 803
wildcards, 609
XCOPY, 613-614
Common Tasks view (Windows Explorer), 557
communications connections on portable/laptop computers
comparing
DHCP and static IP addresses, 394
file systems, 516
memory modules, 207
portable and desktop computers, 329-330
Windows versions system requirements, 552-553
Windows Vista versions, 653
compatible devices for IEEE 1394, 256
compatible mode, 250
Complete PC Backup, 699-700
component/RGB connectors, 309
composite connectors, 310
compressed capacity, 519
compressing files, 597
CompTIA Network+ N10-004 Exam Prep, Third Edition (Que, 2009), 786
computer hardware, disposing, 816-817
Computer Management console, 622
configuring
APs, 394
administrator password, 397
firmware, 399
MAC address filtering, 396-397
NAT, 399
SSID, 394-395
BIOS, 124-128
video card settings, 300-301
CMOS, 127-128
displays
color depth, 313-314
refresh rate, 314-315
resolution, 312
floppy disk drives, 487-488
BIOS, 489-490
hard disk drives
PATA, 501-503
SATA, 503
ISDN connections, 752
LPT ports, 252-253
PS2 mode, 251
standard mode, 250-251
NetBEUI, 788
network cards
duplex mode, 777
hardware resources, 776
media type, 776
printer options, 449-452
SATA hard drives, RAID arrays, 504-508
serial ports, 245-247
TCP/IP, 781-784
Web browsers, 799-800
script settings, 801
security, 801
wireless clients, 412-414
Wireless Ethernet, 777-778
connecting
remotely, 634
VGA cables, 38-39
connectors, 774
BNC, 774
for power supplies, 169-171
contrast, adjusting on laptop computers, 361
Control Panel, 561
shortcuts, 563
starting, 562
Convert.exe, 589-590
converting
binary to decimal, 787
decimal to binary, 7-10
FAT32 to NTFS, 417
cooling pipes, 300
cooling systems
fans, failure, 167
for video cards, 299-301
heat sinks, 187
negative pressure, 168
north/southbridge cooling, 188
case fans, 191-192
liquid cooling, 195
thermal compound, 192
video card cooling, 190
on portable/laptop computers, preventative maintenance, 379
COPY command, 612-613
Core 2 processors, 84
dual-core, 91
hyperthreading, 90
MMX, 91
VRM, 94
creating
files, 592
folders, 590
crosstalk, 252
CRT displays, 304-305
discharging, 826
high voltage hazards, 824-825
picture quality, troubleshooting, 317-319
refresh rates, flicker-free, 364
CS (Cable Select), 495
CSMA/CD (carrier sense multiple access/collision detect), 765
current resource usage, viewing, 45-46
customers, talking to, 855-856
cylinders, 502
CYMY devices, 432
D
daisy-chaining, 231
SCSI devices, 236-239
data, 33
data projectors, 305-306
data security
migration, 402
removal, 402
security policies, 399-400
data storage, 13-14
data transfer, bandwidth
measuring, 14-15
parallel transfers, 15-16
serial transfers, 16-17
daughterboards, 59
DB-9 connectors, 243
DC power supply
troubleshooting on portable/laptop computers, 375
voltage levels, 176-178
DDR SDRAM, 206
DDR2 SDRAM, 206
dead pixels, troubleshooting on portable/laptop computers, 377
dead shorts, troubleshooting, 79
dead systems, troubleshooting, 185-186
decimal numbering system, 6
converting to binary, 7-10, 787
decrypting files, 401
defragging hard disk, 599
desktop computers
features, comparing with portable computers, 329-330
points of failure, 31
desktop PCs
case, opening, 34
front view, 26
interior view, 26-28
rear view, 26
Details view, 560
device drivers
installing for printers, 447-448
providing for Windows installation, 668-669
Device Manager, 619-621, 725-729
devices
gateways, 788
hubs, 778
repeaters, 779
routers, 779
startup errors, troubleshooting, 720
switches, 778
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 394
Device Manager, 725-729
SFC, 729
Task Manager, 724-725
dial-up Internet connectivity
DUN connections, 750
ISPs, 750
modems, 746-750
requirements, 751
digital cameras, 264
installing, 268
digital multimeters, 175
digitizers, 346
troubleshooting, 378
DIMMs (dual-inline memory modules), 208
installing, 212-214
DIR command, 610-611
disabling
hibernation in Windows Vista, 580
indexing, 574
serial ports, 245-246
simple file sharing, 598
SSID broadcast, 396
discharging CRT monitors, 826
disk cloning, 659
disk image installation, performing on Windows operating systems, 659-660
Disk Management snap-in, 581, 584
disk partitions, 580-581
disk scrubbing, 392
disk-cache settings, adjusting for PATA devices, 512
display adapters, installing, 109
displaying task bar property sheets, 570
advanced display properties, troubleshooting picture quality, 318-319
color depth, 313-314
component/RGV connectors, 309
composite connectors, 310
CRT, 304-305
flicker-free refresh rates, 364
data projectors, 305-306
DVI connectors, 307
HDMI connectors, 309
installing, 315-316
active-matrix, 344
passive-matrix, 344
resolution, 344
screen quality, 345-346
on portable/laptop computers, preventative maintenance, 381
OSD, troubleshooting picture quality, 317
for portable/laptop computers
brightness, adjusting, 361
cloning, 364
contrast, adjusting, 361
DualView, 362-363
shared video memory, adjusting, 361
troubleshooting, 376-377
preventative maintenance, 321
refresh rates, 314-315
resolution, 311-312
S-Video connectors, 310
VGA connectors, 307
video hardware, troubleshooting, 319-321
disposing
batteries, 815
chemical solvents, 816
computer hardware, 816-817
distribution CD, installing Windows XP, 658-659
distribution DVD, installing Windows Vista, 656-658
DLP (digital light processor) projectors, 305-306
DMA channels, 44-45
DMA transfers, enabling for PATA devices, 510-511
DNS (domain name system), 761-762, 788
docking stations, 333
documenting solutions, 848
dongles, 747
DOS alias names, 594
dot pitch, 304
dot-matrix printers, 435-436
DRAM, 205
drive jumpering, 494-495
drive lock technology, 409
drivers
for printers, 437
providing for Windows installation, 668-669
troubleshooting, 717
drop-on-demand printers, 442
DSL (digital subscriber line), 753
dual-core processors, 91
DualView, enabling on laptops, 362-363
duplex mode, configuring on network interface cards, 777
DuPont FE-36, 829
DVD drives, 512
speed ratings, 513
troubleshooting, 533-539
DVD+R drives, 513
DVD+RW drives, 513
DVD-R drives, 513
DVD-RAM, 513
DVD-RW drives, 513
DVDs, recording
in Windows Vista, 516-517
in Windows XP, 514-515
DVI connectors, 307
dye-sublimation, 442
dye-sublimation printers, 434
E
ECC (error-correcting code), 209-211
ECP (Enhanced Capabilities Port) mode (LPT), 251
EDAC (Error Detection and Correction), 211
EDIT command, 611-612
EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), 148
EFS (Encrypting File System), 400
EIDE/PATA host adapters, 68-69
electrical systems, testing, 819
email, 762-763
enabling
DualView on laptops, 362-363
Windows Firewall, 410-411
encrypting files, 597
encryption, 400
BitLocker, 401
environmental
environmental issues
batteries, disposing, 815
chemical solvents, disposing, 816
computer hardware, disposing, 816-817
incident handling, 830
printer cartridges, recycling, 815
toner, recycling, 815
EP process, 439
EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) mode (LPT), 251
EPP/ECP mode (LPT), 251
ERD (Emergency Repair Disk), 701
error codes, recording, 706-707, 842
error messages
POST, 146
for printers, troubleshooting, 472-473
startup errors, troubleshooting, 720
Windows Vista boot errors, 718-719
Windows XP/2000 boot errors, 719
preventing, 4-5, 35-36, 818-819
protecting against, 820-822, 825
Ethernet, 342, 358, 765. See also Wireless Ethernet, 766
connectors, 774
printer support, 445
event logging, 408-409
identifying problems, 704
Event Viewer, 628
.EXE files, 593
exiting BIOS setup program, 143
expansion slots, 62
AGP slots, 63
AMR slots, 66-67
CNR slots, 67
for video cards, 299
on portable/laptop computers, 335
ExpressCard, 338-339
Mini-PCI, 339-340
PCMCIA, 335-338
PCI slots, 63
PCIe slots, 64-66
ExpressCard, 338-339
removing from laptops, 365
extended partitions, 580-582
extension magnets, 477
external commands, 33
external hard disks, 525
attaching cables, 36
hot-swapping, 526
troubleshooting, 539-541
external TAs, 752
eyebrow tweezers, 3
F
failed BIOS updates, recovering from, 151
fans, failure, 167
Faraday cage antistatic bags, 821
FAT file systems, 389
FAT32 file system, 587
converting to NTFS, 417
fatal errors, 145
fiber-optic cabling, 771-773
File and Printer Sharing, installing, 789
file extensions, 595
file management, Windows Explorer, 557
file sharing
simple file sharing, 790
user/group permissions, configuring
in Windows Vista, 792
in Windows XP, 790-792
file systems
comparing, 516
Convert.exe, 589-590
converting to NTFS, 417
FAT32, 587
NTFS, 587-588
security, 389
files
attributes, 595-598
binary, 593
compressing, 597
creating, 592
LFNs, 594
naming, 593-594
permissions, 598-599
temporary, 638-639
text, 593
wildcards, 609
FileZilla, 760
Filmstrip view, 561
firewalls, software firewalls, 391
troubleshooting, 411-412
Windows Firewall, 410-411
firmware, 33
BIOS, 119-121
chips, replacing, 151-153
configuring, 124-128
failed updates, recovering from, 151
setup program, accessing, 122-123
setup program, Advanced BIOS Settings/Features menu, 132-133
setup program, exiting, 143
setup program, Hardware Monitor menu, 140-142
setup program, Integrated Peripherals menu, 133, 136-138
setup program, main menu, 128
setup program, PnP/PCI Configurations menu, 139
setup program, Power Management menu, 138
setup program, Processor and Memory Configuration menu, 141-142
setup program, security features, 142
setup program, Standard Features/Settings menu, 129, 132
updating, 148-150
for printers, 438
installing in printers, 460
updating for APs, 399
five-wire resistive technology, 263
Flash BIOS updates, 149-150
flash memory, 520-521
card readers, 522-523
hot-swapping, 523
USB flash memory drives, 524-525
flicker-free refresh rates, 314, 364
floppy drives, 485-486
BIOS, configuring, 489-490
cables, attaching, 36
configuring, 487-488
installing, 489
maintaining, 492
troubleshooting, 526-529
Fn keys, 346
folders
attributes, 595-598
creating, 590
navigating, 590
removing, 591
FORMAT.EXE command, 615-616
formatting hard disks, 583, 604-605
four-wire resistive technology, 263
FQDNs (fully qualified domain names), 797
Front Side Bus Frequency Switching, 349
front view of desktop PC, 26
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 759
full-duplex, network card configuration, 777
FXO ports, 768
G
gateways, 788
Gb (Gigabit), 10
GB (Gigabyte), 10
geosynchronous satellites, 756
GPFs (general protection faults), troubleshooting, 721-722
GPU (graphics processing unit) chips, cooling, 190, 299-301
grayware, 419
groups, 406
guest accounts, 405
GUI (Windows Vista), 550-552
H
hal.dll, 575
half-duplex network cards, configuring, 777
Halon, 829
hard disk drives, 492-493
ATA specifications, 495-496
chkdsk.exe, 603-604
defragging, 599
disk partitions, 580-581
external, 525
MBR, repairing, 723-724
mounting, 586
PATA
drive jumpering, 494-495
installing, 517
performance, optimizing, 638
preparing for Windows installation, 664-668
removing from laptops, 368-370
troubleshooting, 722-723
hardware, 32
batteries, removing from laptops, 366-367
cleaning, 853-854
compatibility, verifying for operating systems, 651-653
diagnostics, 850-851
ExpressCards, removing from laptops, 365
hard disk drives, removing from laptops, 368-370
IRQs, 41-42
LCD panel, removing from laptops, 371-373
memory, removing from laptops, 371
Mini-PCI cards, removing from laptops, 367-368
optical drives, removing from laptops, 370
parts, replacing, 847
PC cards, removing from laptops, 365
pointing devices, removing from laptops, 373-374
problems, identifying, 843-846
points of failure, 847
problems, identifying, 846
recycling, 392
Hardware Monitor menu, BIOS setup program, 140-142
hardware resources
current usage, viewing, 45-46
for NICs, 776
Harwood, Mike, 786
HDMI connectors, 309
header cables, troubleshooting, 81
heat sinks, 187
heavy equipment hazards, 829
HELP command, 609
hemostat clamp, 3
hex codes, POST, 147
hex drivers, 3
hexadecimal numbering system, 6, 14
hiberfil.sys, 579
hibernate mode, 355
hibernation, disabling in Vista, 580
hidden files, 596
high voltage hazards, 823
CRT monitors, 824-825
power supply, 823-824
printers, 823
systems in suspend mode, 825
high-speed bidirectional modes (LPT), 251
hives, 555
hot-swapping
external hard disks, 526
flash memory cards, 523
USB flash memory drives, 524-525
hotfixes, 731
HSP (host signal processing), 746
HTML (HyperText Markup Language), 759
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), 758
HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure), 758
hubs, 778
hybrid mouse devices, 275
hyperthreading, 90
I
I/O bus, 57
I/O ports
addresses, 43-44
Centronics, 257
devices, troubleshooting, 713
IEEE 1394, 255
cables, 255
card installation, 256
compatible devices, 256
troubleshooting, 282-283
LPT, 248-249
adding, 254
configuration settings, 252-253
configuring, 250-251
troubleshooting, 283-286
MIDI, 259
port addresses, 245
PS/2, 257
RG-6 coaxial, 260
SCSI, 231
cables, 235-236
daisy-chaining, 236-239
device ID, 233-234
host adapter card installation, 238
multiple device support, 231-232
signaling types, 236
standards, 234-235
termination methods, 239-240
serial, 240-241
adding, 247
cables, 243
configuring, 245-247
IRQ, 245
pinouts, 242-243
troubleshooting, 286-288
SPDIF, 258
USB, 227
adding, 230
connectors, 228-230
troubleshooting, 280-281
ICH (I/O Controller Hub) chip, 188
Icons view, 560
IDE block mode, 510
IDE busmastering drivers, 510
identifying
hardware versus software problems, 843-846
points of failure, 846-847
source of problems, 704
IEEE 1394 (FireWire), 255
cables, 255
card installation, 256
compatible devices, 256
technical requirements, 256
troubleshooting, 282-283
IEEE 1394a, 255
IEEE 1394b, 255
IEEE 802.11, 766-767
IEEE 802.3, 765
IEEE-1284-B port, 248
image backups, 733
IMAP (Internet message access protocol), 763
impact printers, 435-436
paper, selecting, 436
print process, 443
ribbons, 436
inadequate air flow as cause of overheating, 167-168
incident reporting, 403
incorrect drivers, troubleshooting, 717
indexing, 573-574
infrared networking, 767
inheritance, 407
initializing a disk, 582
ink cartridges, 432-434
inkjet printers
ink cartridges, 432-434
paper and media, selecting, 434
print process, 441-442
input devices
bar code readers, 262
installing, 268
biometric devices, 262
for portable/laptop computers
digitizers, 346
Fn keys, 346
pointing stick, 348
stylus, 346
touch pads, 346-348
TrackPoint, 348
keyboards, 260
installing, 267
maintaining, 290
troubleshooting, 272
mice, 261
installing, 267
maintaining, 288-289
resource usage, 262
touch screens, 263
troubleshooting, 276-277
installing
adapter cards, 105-109
analog modems, 749-750
ATA/IDE drives, 496-498
bar code readers, 268
biometric devices, 270
digital camera, 268
display adapters, 109
displays, 315-316
File and Printer Sharing, 789
flash card readers, 523
floppy disk drives, 489
hard disk drives
PATA hard drives, 517
SATA, 498-500
IEEE 1394 cards, 256
keyboard, 267
memory modules, 212-214
microphones, 269-270
MIDI ports, 269
motherboards, 74-76
mouse, 267
network cards, 774
network client software, 794
network printers, 794-795
network protocols in Windows, 780
optical drives, 514
PCI cards, 39-40
power supplies, 173
printer maintenance kits, 474
printers, 446
device drivers, 447-448
firmware, 460
memory, 458-459
SCSI host adapter cards, 238
service packs, 729-731
touch screens, 270
updates, 732
video capture cards, 271
video cards, 300-303
Web browsers, 798
webcam, 268
Windows operating systems, 655-659
attended installation, 662-663
device drivers, 668-669
hard disk, preparing, 664-668
providing, 668-669
unattended installation, 662-663
verifying installation, 669-672
integrated I/O ports, 60-61
expansion slots, 62
AGP slots, 63
AMR slots, 66-67
CNR slots, 67
PCI slots, 63
PCIe slots, 64-66
memory slots, 62
Integrated Peripherals menu, BIOS setup program, 133, 136-138
cache memory, 93
sockets, 89
VRM, 94
interior view of desktop PC, 26-28
internal commands, 33, 607-609
internal drives
cables, attaching, 36
replacing on notebook computers, 32
internal TAs, 752
Internet connectivity
broadband, 753
cable Internet, 755
DSL, 753
satellite, 755-756
cellular, 768
DUN connections, 750-751
ISDN, 751-752
ISPs, 750
LANs, 757
modems, 746-750
interviewing clients, 702-703, 839-842
IP addressing, 784-787
IP classes, 784-787
ipconfig command, 616-617, 804
IrDA (Infrarad Data Association), 341, 358, 767
printer support, 446
IRQs (interrupt requests), 40-42
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture), 40
ISDN, 751-752
J-K
jeweler’s screwdriver set, 3
jitter, 16
Kb (Kilobit), 10
KB (Kilobyte), 10
keyboards, 260
installing, 267
maintenance, 290
troubleshooting, 272
keypads, troubleshooting, 378
L
L1 cache, 93
L2 cache, 93
L3 cache, 93
lands, 512
LANs, 757
laptop computers
AC power supply, troubleshooting, 374
batteries, removing, 366-367
communications connections
cooling systems, preventative maintenance, 379
DC power supply, troubleshooting, 375
displays
brightness, adjusting, 361
cloning, 364
contrast, adjusting, 361
DualView, 362-363
preventative maintenance, 381
shared video memory, adjusting, 361
troubleshooting, 376-377
expansion slots, 335
ExpressCard, 338-339
Mini-PCI, 339-340
PCMCIA, 335-338
ExpressCards, removing, 365
features, comparing with desktop computers, 329-330
hard disk drives, removing, 368-370
hardware, removing, 365
input devices, 346
digitizers, 346
Fn keys, 346
pointing stick, 348
stylus, 346
touch pads, 346-348
TrackPoint, 348
LCD panel, removing, 371-373
LCD screen technologies, 343
active matrix, 344
passive matrix, 344
resolution, 344
screen quality, 345-346
memory, 331
removing, 371
Mini-PCI cards, removing, 367-368
optical drives, removing, 370
PC cards, removing, 365
peripherals, 333
docking stations, 333
drive bays, 334
port replicators, 333-334
removing, 377
troubleshooting, 378-379
pointing devices, removing, 373-374
power management, 349
hibernate mode, 355
S3 sleep state, 355
stand by mode, 356
power sources, 360
AC adapters, 350-352
batteries, 349-350
processor throttling, 349
recommended operating environments, 381
storage devices, 331-332
storage methods, 381
transporting, 381
laptop computers. See notebook computers
Laptop Repair 101 website, 365
laser printers, 427
color, 441
paper, 431
print process, 439-441
toner cartridges, 430
Last Known Good Configuration, 689-691
launching programs at startup, 641-642
active-matrix, 344
on notebook computers, replacing, 32
passive-matrix, 344
picture quality, troubleshooting, 317-319
removing from laptops, 371-373
resolution, 344
screen quality, 345-346
LCD projectors, 305-306
LED printers, 428
“legacy-free” systems, IRQs, 42
LFNs (long filenames), 594
Li-ion batteries, 350
limited accounts, 405
liquid cooling systems, 195
liquid hazards, 828
List view, 560
Live File System, 516
locking workstations, 403
logical drives, creating, 583
loopback address, 786
loopback plugs, 851
LPT ports, 248-249
adding, 254
cables, 249-252
configuration settings, 252-253
configuring, 250
PS/2 mode, configuring, 251
standard mode, configuring, 250-251
troubleshooting, 283-286
LS-240 SuperDisk drives, 486
LSB (Least Significant Bit), 7
M
MAC address filtering, configuring, 396-397
magnifiers, 3
mAh (milliampere hours), 350
main menu, BIOS setup program, 128
maintaining
floppy disk drives, 492
input devices
keyboards, 290
mice, 288-289
maintenance kits for printers, installing, 474
maintenance tools, 852-854
malicious software protection, 418-419
mapped drives, 797-798
mass storage interfaces, 67
EIDE/PATA, 68-69
SATA host adapters, 69
SCSI host adapters, 69-70
troubleshooting, 82
Mb (Megabit), 10
MB (Megabyte), 10
MBR (master boot record), repairing, 723-724
MCM (Memory Controller Hub) chip, 188
MD command, 618
measuring bandwidth, 14-17
mechanical hazards, 827
media, selecting
for inkjet printers, 434
for laser printers, 431
media bays, 334
media slices, 333
media type, configuring on network cards, 776
memory
CMOS, 120-121
configuring, 127-128
installing in printers, 458-459
portable/laptop computers, 331
preventative maintenance, 219
printers, 428-429
DDR SDRAM, 206
DDR2 SDRAM, 206
DRAM, 205
ECC, 210-211
memory modules, comparing, 207
memory modules, width, 209
parity checking, 209
Rambus, 206-207
registered, 211
SDRAM, 205
SRAM, 205
troubleshooting, 215-218
unbuffered, 211
variables, 203-204
removing from laptops, 371
virtual memory, 638
memory addresses, 45
the memory effect, 350
memory modules
comparing, 207
DIMMs, installing, 212-214
installing, 212
Rambus RDRAM, installing, 212-214
width, 209
memory slots, 62
mesh topology, 765
mice, 261
installing, 267
maintenance, 288-289
resource usage, 262
troubleshooting, 272-276
Micro ATX form factor, 57
microfilters, 754
microphones, 265
installing, 269-270
Microsoft Technet, 18
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) ports, 259, 264
installing, 269
Mini-DIN ports, 257
Mini-PCI, 339-340
removing from laptops, 367-368
minimum requirements for Windows operating systems
comparing, 552-553
verifying, 651-653
Mitnick, Kevin, 404
MMC (Microsoft Management Console), 622
MMX, 91
modem cables, 244
modems, 746-747
analog, installing, 749-750
cellular, 768
DSL, 753
PC Card, installing, 749
monitors
as high voltage hazard, 824-825
CRT, discharging, 826
disposing, 816-817
installing, 315-316
preventative maintenance, 321
video hardware, troubleshooting, 319-321
monitors. See displays
monochrome laser printers, 430
motherboards
ATX form factor, 57
BTX form factor, 57-59
chipsets, cooling, 188
daughterboards, 59
expansion slots, 62
AGP slots, 63
AMR slots, 66-67
CNR slots, 67
for video cards, 299
PCI slots, 63
PCIe slots, 64-66
header cables, troubleshooting, 81
installing, 74-76
integrated I/O ports, 60-61
I/O bus, 57
mass storage devices, troubleshooting, 82
mass storage interfaces, 67
EIDE/PATA, 68-69
SATA host adapters, 69
SCSI host adapters, 69-70
memory slots, 62
NLX form factor, 59
non-starting, troubleshooting, 77-80
port cluster, troubleshooting, 80-81
removing, 71-74
riser cards, 59
selecting, 70-71
slot clearances, troubleshooting, 82
system bus, 56-57
troubleshooting, 76
mount points, 586
mounting a drive, 586
MSB (most significant bit), 7
MSCONFIG.EXE, 623-624
MSDS (Material Safetey Data Sheet), 817
MSKB (Microsoft Knowledge Base), 18
multi-core processors, 91
multi-mode fiber-optic cable, 771
multimedia devices
biometric devices, installing, 270
MMX processors, 91
sound cards, 265
installing, 270-271
troubleshooting, 277-279
touch screens, installing, 270
multimeters, 476
multitesters, testing power supplies, 174-176
multivoltage power supplies, 163-164
My Computer, 561
My Network Places (Windows Vista), 565-567
N
naming files, 593-594
Narrow SCSI host adapters, 70, 231
NAT (Network Address Translation), 399
native capacity, 519
navigating folders, 590
needle-nose pliers, 3
negative pressure, 168
net command, 802
NetBEUI, configuring, 788
network cards
CardBus, 776
duplex mode, 777
hardware resources, 776
media type, 776
PC Card, 776
PCI, installing, 774
PCI Express, 774
USB, 775
network client software, installing, 794
network configuration, 663-664
network connections, connecting remotely, 634
network drive installation, performing on Windows operating systems, 659
network models
client/server, 743
peer-to-peer, 744
network printers
installing, 794-795
troubleshooting, 807
network protocols
installing in Windows, 780
TCP/IP, 757
configuring, 781-784
DNS, 761-762
email, 762-763
FTP, 759
HTML, 759
HTTP/HTTPS, 758
IP addresses, 784-787
ISPs, 758
ports, 763
SSH, 761
SSL, 759
Telnet, 760-761
TLS, 759
Network Setup wizard (Windows XP), 788
network topologies, 764
Network windows (Windows Vista), 564-566
networking protocols, configuring NetBEUI, 788
networks, troubleshooting, 805-807
nibble, 10
NiCd batteries, 350
NiMH batteries, 350
NLX motherboards, 59
installing, 76
removing, 74
non-ECC memory, 210-211
non-starting motherboards, troubleshooting, 77-80
non-volatile memory, 120
northbridge cooling, 188
case fans, 191-192
liquid cooling, 195
thermal compound, 192
video card cooling, 190
notebook computers, 28
internal drives, replacing, 32
LCD display, replacing, 32
points of failure, 31
ports, 29
nslookup command, 804
NTBackup, 599-602
ASR backups, 700-701
NTBOOTDD.SYS, 577
NTDETECT.COM, 577
NTFS (New Technology File System), 389, 587-588
NTLDR, 577
ntoskrnl.exe, 575
null-modem cables, 244
numbering systems, 6
binary, 6-7
capacity, measuring, 11
data storage, 11-14
decimal, 6-10
hexadecimal, 14
NX (no execute), 96
O
octets, 786
odd parity, 210
opening
Control Panel, 562
desktop PC case, 34
operating systems
access control, 407-408
UAC, 405-406
user accounts, 405
attended installation, 662-663
commands, 33
hardware compatibility, verifying, 651-653
unattended installation, 662-663
upgrades, troubleshooting, 679-680
Windows
Advanced Boot Options, 691-693
disk image installation, 659-660
hard disk, preparing, 664-668
installing, 655-659
network drive installation, 659
recovery DVD/CD installation, 660-661
upgrading, 672-676
Windows 2000, upgrading to Windows XP, 677-679
Windows Vista
CDs and DVDs, recording, 516-517
versions, comparing, 653
Windows XP
CDs and DVDs, recording, 514-515
installation, starting from boot disk, 661-662
optical drives
installing, 514
removing from laptops, 370
optimizing performance
ATA/IDE hard drives, 508
disk-cache settings, 512
DMA transfers, 510-511
IDE block mode, 510
IDE busmastering drivers, 510
transfer rates, 508-509
hard disks, 638
printers
device calibration, 455
media types, 456
paper orientation, 456
print order, 457
print spooler settings, 454
XPS, 455
OSD (on-screen display), troubleshooting picture quality, 317-319
overheating
power supplies, causes of, 165-168
preventing on portable/laptop computers, 379
processors, troubleshooting, 104-105
overloaded power supplies, 163-166
overvoltages, 180
P
page printers, 439
paging file, adjusting, 636
PANs (personal area networks), 767
paper, selecting for printers
impact printers, 436
inkjet printers, 434
laser printers, 431
paper counts, resetting on printers, 474
paper jams, troubleshooting, 468-469
paper-out errors, troubleshooting, 467
parallel ports, 248
parallel transfers, 15-16
parity checking, 209
parity errors, troubleshooting, 217
parts, replacing, 847
passive heat sinks, 187
passive-matrix LCD screens, 344
passwords
creating for wireless networks, 393
managing, 402
ATA RAID arrays, configuring, 504-508
BIOS, configuring, 501-503
drive jumpering, 494-495
performance, optimizing, 508
disk-cache settings, 512
DMA transfers, 510-511
IDE block mode, 510
IDE busmastering drivers, 510
transfer rates, 508-509
troubleshooting, 530-532
PC Card modems, installing, 749
PC Card network adapters, 335-338, 776
PC cards, removing from laptops, 365
PC tools, 3
PCI cards, installing, 39-40, 774
PCI slots, 63
PCIe (PCI-Express) slots, 64-66
network cards, installing, 774
x16 slots, 299
peer-to-peer networks, 744, 765
network client software, installing, 794
penlight, 3
Pentium III processors, 84
Pentium 4 processors, 84
Pentium D processors, 84
Pentium MMX processors, 91
performance
of applications, tuning, 642-643
of ATA/IDE hard drives, optimizing, 508-512
hard disk, optimizing, 638
of printers, optimizing
device calibration, 455
media types, 456
paper orientation, 456
print order, 457
print spooler settings, 454
XPS, 455
RAM, 635-638
Performance Monitor (Windows Vista), 636, 638
performing backups/restores, 733
peripherals (portable/laptop computers)
antenna wires, troubleshooting, 379
docking stations, 333
drive bays, 334
keypads, troubleshooting, 378
port replicators, 333-334
removing, 377
stylus, troubleshooting, 378
Phenom processors, 87
phishing, 404
physical security, security policies, 399-400
PIN authentication, 390
pincushion distortion, 317
pinouts, serial ports, 242-243
PIO peak transfer rates, 509
pits, 512
pixels, resolution, 311-312
plenum cable, 774
PnP/PCI Configurations menu, BIOS setup program, 139
pointing devices, 261-262
removing from laptops, 373-374
pointing sticks, 348
points of failure, 30-31, 846-847
POP (post office protocol), 763
port replicators, 333-334
portable computers
AC power supply, troubleshooting, 374
communications connections
cooling devices, preventative maintenance, 379
DC power supply, troubleshooting, 375
displays
brightness, adjusting, 361
cloning, 364
contrast, adjusting, 361
DualView, 362-363
preventative maintenance, 381
shared video memory, adjusting, 361
troubleshooting, 376-377
expansion slots, 335
ExpressCard, 338-339
Mini-PCI, 339-340
PCMCIA, 335-338
features, comparing with desktop computers, 329-330
input devices
digitizers, 346
Fn keys, 346
pointing stick, 348
stylus, 346
touch pads, 346-348
TrackPoint, 348
LCD screen technologies, 343
active-matrix, 344
passive-matrix, 344
resolution, 344
screen quality, 345-346
memory, 331
peripherals
docking stations, 333
drive bays, 334
port replicators, 333-334
removing, 377
troubleshooting, 378-379
power management, 349
hibernate mode, 355
S3 sleep state, 355
stand by mode, 356
power sources, 360
batteries, 349-350
processor throttling, 349
recommended operating environments, 381
storage devices, 331-332
storage methods, 381
transporting, 381
POST (power-on self test), 120, 144
beep codes, 145-146
error messages, 146
hex codes, 147
Pournelle, Jerry, 45
power conditioning units, 185
power diagnostics, 819
power management, portable/laptop computers, 349
hibernate mode, 355
S3 sleep state, 355
stand by mode, 356
Power Management menu, BIOS setup program, 138
power sources, portable/laptop computers
AC adapters, 350-352
AC power, troubleshooting, 374
batteries, 349-350
DC power, troubleshooting, 375
WLAN, 360
power supplies, 161
connectors, 169-171
DC voltage levels, 176-178
high voltage hazards, 823-824
minimum safety standard compliance, 163
multivoltage, 163-164
overheated, causes of, 165-168
overloaded, 163
power conditioning units, 185
ratings, 161
removing, 172-173
replacing, 169-173
SPS systems, 182-184
surge protectors, 180-181
testing, 174-176
troubleshooting, 185-186
UPS, 182-184
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) connections, 755
preparing hard disk for installation, 664-668
pretexting, 404
preventative maintenance
for cooling systems on portable/laptop computers, 379
for memory, 219
for portable/laptop computers, 381
for printers, 474-476
preventing ESD, 4-5, 35-36, 818-819
PRI (Primary Rate Interface), 752
primary corona wire, 430
primary partitions, 580-582
print failures, troubleshooting, 467
error messages, 472-473
paper jams, 468-469
paper-out errors, 467
print quality problems, 469-471
print processes
impact print process, 443
inkjet print process, 441-442
laser print process, 439-441
thermal print process, 442-444
print quality problems, troubleshooting, 469-471
print queue
clearing, 467-468
restarting, 468
printer cartridges, recycling, 815
printers
802.11 WLAN support, 446
Bluetooth support, 445
calibrating, 449
cleaning, 474-476
Ethernet support, 445
File and Printer Sharing, installing, 789
high voltage hazards, 823
impact, 435-436
paper, selecting, 436
ribbons, 436
inkjet, 432
ink cartridges, 432-434
paper and media, selecting, 434
installing, 446-447
IrDA support, 446
LED, 428
maintenance kits, installing, 474
network printers, installing, 794-795
options, configuring, 449-452
“out of memory” errors, troubleshooting, 428-429
paper counts, resetting, 474
performance, optimizing
device calibration, 455
media types, 456
paper orientation, 456
print order, 457
print spooler settings, 454
XPS, 455
shared, 793
stalled print spoolers, troubleshooting, 716
test pages, printing, 453
thermal, 434
toner cartridges, 430
tray switching, 453
troubleshooting
findings, documenting, 467
identifying the problem, 460-463
plan of action, establishing, 466
recommended tools, 476-477
system functionality, verifying, 466
theory of probable cause, establishing, 463-465
theory of probable cause, testing, 465-466
PrinterTechs.com, Inc., 474
processes, adjusting priority, 643
Processor and Memory Configuration menu, BIOS setup program, 141-142
processor throttling, 349
processors
32-bit versus 64-bit, 95
AMD, 86-89
cache memory, 93
cooling systems, 187
MMX, 91
multi-core, 91
NX, 96
overclocking, 92-93
packaging, 89
selecting, 95
sockets, 89
throttling, 91
troubleshooting, 104-105
VRM, 94
processors. See CPUs
professional behavior, talking to customers, 855-856
Program Compatibility Wizard (Windows Vista), 553-554
programs, launching at startup, 641-642
property sheets (taskbar), displaying, 570
protecting against ESD, 821-822, 825
PS/2 mode, configuring LTP ports, 251
PS/2 ports, 257
PVC cabling, 774
Q-R
QoS (quality of service), 768
Quick Launch, 568
RAID arrays, configuring, 504-508
DDR SDRAM, 206
DDR2 SDRAM, 206
DRAM, 205
ECC, 210-211
memory addresses, 45
memory modules
installing, 212-214
comparing, 207
width, 209
parity checking, 209
Rambus, 206-207
registered memory, 211
SDRAM, 205
SRAM, 205
troubleshooting, 215-218
unbuffered memory, 211
variables, 203-204
Rambus, 206-207
Rambus RDRAM modules, installing, 212-214
RD command, 618
RDRAM modules, 208
read-only files, 596
rear view of desktop PC, 26
recommended operating environments for portable/laptop computers, 381
recording
DVD/CDs
in Windows Vista, 516-517
in Windows XP, 514-515
symptoms and error codes, 706-707, 842
recovering
from failed BIOS updates, 151
Windows
Complete PC Backup, 699-700
ERD, 701
Last Known Good Configuration, 689-691
System Restore, 699
WinRE, 693-694
Recovery Console, 695-696, 699
recovery DVD/CD installation, performing on Windows operating systems, 660-661
recycling
hardware, 392
printer cartridges, 815
toner, 815
refresh rates, 314-315
flicker-free, 364
registered memory, 211
Registry, 577
data files, backing up, 578-579
hives, 555
SYSTEM key, 575
removable storage devices, 518-519
removable-media drives, troubleshooting, 539-541
removing
folders, 591
items from Start menu, 573
ExpressCards, 365-367
hard disk drives, 368-370
LCD panel, 371-373
memory, 371
Mini-PCI cards, 367-368
optical drives, 370
PC cards, 365
pointing devices, 373-374
motherboards, 71-74
power supplies, 172-173
repairing MBR, 723-724
repeaters, 779
replacing parts, 847
internal drives on notebook computers, 32
LCD displays on notebook computers, 32
video cards, 301
requirements for dial-up Internet connections, 751
resetting printer paper counts, 474
resolution, 311-312
for LCD screens, 344
resolving IP addresses, 787
resource usage, viewing, 45-46
resources for troubleshooting, 848-849
restarting print queue, 468
restore points, creating, 629
restoring from backup, 733
Complete PC Backup, 699-700
REV drives, 519
RG-6 coaxial cable, 773
RG-6 coaxial connections, 260
RG-11 cable, 774
RG-59 coaxial cable, 773
ribbons for impact printers, 436
RIMMS, 206
ring topology, 765
ripping, 514
riser cards, 59
RJ45 connectors, 770
rootkits, 419
routers, 779
VoIP, 768
S
S-Video connectors, 310
S3 sleep state, 355
S4 sleep state, 355
Safe mode (Windows), 689-691
safety issues
electrical systems, testing, 819
ESD
preventing, 818-822
protection devices, 820
hazards
atmospheric, 829
CRT monitors, discharging, 826
heavy equipment, 829
high voltage, 823-825
liquid, 828
mechanical, 827
situational, 828-829
tripping, 827-828
MSDS, 817
power supplies, standard compliance, 163
SATA (Serial ATA) hard disk drives, 493
BIOS, configuring, 503
host adapters, 69
installing, 499-500
installing, 498-500
RAID arrays, configuring, 504-508
satellite Internet, 755-756
scanning infrared technology, 263
Scott Mueller’s Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 120
screen quality, LCD screens, 345-346
screwdrivers, 3
SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) devices, 231
cables, 235-236
device ID, 233-234
host adapters, 69-70
installing, 238
multiple device support, 231-232
signaling types, 236
standards, 234-235
termination methods, 239-240
troubleshooting, 279-280
SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory), 205
security
access control
event logging, 408-409
for operating systems, 405-408
authentication, 389
biometrics, 390
smart cards, 390
username/password, 390
backups, 402
BIOS, 409-410
data access local security policy, 399-400
data migration, 402
data removal, 402
encryption, 400-401
file permissions, 598-599
file systems, 389
hardware recycling, 392
incident reporting, 403
password management, 402
social engineering, 404-405
software firewalls, 391, 410-411
troubleshooting, 411-412
Web browser configuration, 801
wireless networks
access points, configuring, 394-399
clients, configuring, 412-414
clients, troubleshooting, 415
unused connections, 416-417
WEP, 392-393
WPA, 392-393
workstations, locking, 403
security features, BIOS setup program, 142
selecting
battery backup units, 184
motherboards, 70-71
processors, 95
vacuum cleaners, 854
self-powered hubs, 231
self-test feature (printers), 462-463
serial ports, 240-241
adding, 247
cables, 243
configuring, 245-247
disabling, 245-246
IRQ, 245
pinouts, 242-243
port addresses, 245
troubleshooting, 286-288
serial transfers, 16-17
Series A connectors, 228
Series B connectors, 228
serious errors, 145
servers, 743
service packs, installing, 729-731
services, 640-641
identifying problems, 704
SFC (System File Checker), 729
shared resources, 795-796
File and Printer Sharing, installing, 789
file sharing, simple file sharing, 790
FQDNs, 797
mapped drives, 797-798
shared printers, 793
troubleshooting, 807
UNC, 796
user/group permissions, configuring
in Windows Vista, 792
shared video memory, adjusting, 361
shipping portable/laptop computers, 381
shortcuts to Control Panel, 563
signal skew, 16
SIM (Windows System Image Manager), 659
SIMM, 208
SIMMs (single inline memory modules), 212
single-mode fiber-optic cable, 771
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), 768
SIPP, 208
situational hazards, 828-829
six-step troubleshooting process, 5
Sleeper, 356
slot clearances, troubleshooting on motherboard, 82
small outline Rambus modules, 208
smart cards, 390
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 763
social engineering, 404-405
sockets, 89
SODIMMs (small outline dual in-line memory modules), 208, 331
software, 32
problems, identifying, 843-846
software firewalls, 391, 410-412
software RAID arrays, 504
solutions, documenting, 848
sound cards, 265
troubleshooting, 277-279
southbridge cooling, 188
case fans, 191-192
liquid cooling, 195
thermal compound, 192
video card cooling, 190
SPDIF ports, 258
spikes, 180
SPS systems, 182-184
spyware, 419
SRAM (static random access memory), 205
SSE, 92
SSH (Secure Shell), 761
SSID (Service Set Identifier), 777
configuring, 394-395
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), 759
stand by mode, 356
Standard Features/Settings menu, BIOS setup program, 129, 132
star topology, 765
adding items to, 571-572
properties, adjusting, 573
removing items from, 573
starting command-prompt sessions, 607
startup, 641-642
errors, troubleshooting, 720
POST, 144
beep codes, 145-146
error messages, 146
hex codes, 147
static electricity. See ESD
static IP addresses, 394
STOP errors, troubleshooting, 707-709
stopping unresponsive applications, 643
storage devices
ATA/IDE hard drives, installing, 496-498
CD drives, 512-513
CD-ROM/DVD drives, troubleshooting, 533-539
DVD drives, 512-513
external hard disks, 525
hot-swapping, 526
troubleshooting, 539-541
flash memory, 520-521
card readers, 522-523
hot-swapping, 523
floppy drives, 485-486
BIOS, configuring, 489-490
configuring, 487-488
installing, 489
maintaining, 492
troubleshooting, 526-529
hard disk drives, 492-493
ATA specifications, 495-496
SATA, 503
SATA, installing, 498-500
optical drives, installing, 514
PATA drives, troubleshooting, 530-532
portable/laptop computers, 331-332
removable, 518-519
removable-media drives, troubleshooting, 539-541
USB flash memory drives, 524-525
storage methods for portable/laptop computers, 381
STP (shielded twisted-pair) cabling, 769-771
stripe pitch, 304
strong passwords, creating for wireless networks, 393
subnet masks, 784-787
subsystems, 843
SuperLooper loopback plugs, 851
surface wave technology, 263
surge suppressors, 180-181
surges, 180
suspend mode as high voltage hazard, 825
switches, 778
symptoms of problems, recording, 706-707
Sysprep utility, 660
System BIOS, 115
system bus, 56-57
system errors, beep codes, 146
system files, 596
SYSTEM key, 575
system lockups, troubleshooting, 710-712
system management tools
Computer Management console, 622
Device Manager, 619-621
Event Viewer, 628
MMC, 622
MSCONFIG.EXE, 623-624
Regedit.exe, 624-626
Remote Desktop, 631-634
System Restore, 628-630
System Monitor (Windows XP), 636-638
system requirements, comparing for Windows versions, 552-553
system restoration disc, 661
System Tray, 568-570
T
Thicknet, 774
table mats, 820
tags (HTML), 759
talking to customers, 855-856
tape drives, 519-520
troubleshooting, 539-541
TAs (terminal adapters), 752
Task Manager, 622, 625, 724-725
taskbar, 568
System Tray, 570
TCP/IP, 757
configuring, 781-784
DNS, 761-762
email, 762-763
FTP, 759
HTML, 759
HTTP/HTTPS, 758
IP addresses, 784-787
ISPs, 758
ports, 763
SSH, 761
SSL, 759
Telnet, 760-761
TLS, 759
Telnet, 760-761
temporary files, 638-639
termination methods, SCSI, 239-240
test pages, printing, 453
testing
electrical systems, 819
hardware, diagnostic tools, 850-851
power supplies, 174-176
text files, 593
thermal compound, 192
thermal printers, 434
paper, 434
print process, 442-444
ribbons, 434
Thin Ethernet, 773
throttling, 91
Thumbnails view, 560
Tiles view, 560
TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), 778
TLS (Transport Layer Security), 759
toner cartridges, 430
recycling, 815
tools for troubleshooting printers, 476-477
topologies, 764
torx drivers, 3
touch pads, 346-348
touch screens, 263
installing, 270
troubleshooting, 276-277
touch-on-tube technology, 263
tracert command, 803
TrackPoint, 348
tracks, 501
transporting portable/laptop computers, 381
tray switching, 453
tripping hazards, 827-828
troubleshooting
adapter cards, 110-111
applications, 714-716
Auto Restart errors, 709-710
BIOS security issues, 410
boot errors
Windows Vista, 718-719
Windows XP/2000, 719
client interview, 839-842
disk problems, 722-723
displays
advanced display properties, 318-319
OSD, 317
drivers, 717
GPFs, 721-722
I/O devices, 713
identifying hardware versus software problems, 843-846
IEEE 1394 ports, 282-283
keyboards, 272
LPT ports, 283-286
methodologies, 837-838
mice, 272-276
motherboards, 76
header cables, 81
mass storage devices, 82
non-starting, 77-80
port cluster, 80-81
slot clearances, 82
network printers, 807
networks, 805-807
parts, replacing, 847
peripherals on portable/laptop computers
antenna wires, 379
keypads, 378
stylus, 378
points of failure, 846-847
portable/laptop computers
AC power supply, 374
DC power supply, 375
displays, 376-377
power problems, 185-186
print failures
error messages, 472-473
paper jams, 468-469
paper-out errors, 467
print quality problems, 469-471
print queue, 467-468
printers
finding, documenting, 467
identifying the problem, 460-463
“out of memory” errors, 428-429
plan of action, establishing, 466
recommended tools, 476-477
system functionality, verifying, 466
theory of probable cause, 463-466
processors, 104-105
RAM, 215-218
resources, 848-849
SCSI devices, 279-280
serial ports, 286-288
shared resources, 807
software firewalls, 411-412
solutions, keeping track of, 848
sound cards, 277-279
stalled print spoolers, 716
startup errors, 720
STOP errors, 707-709
storage devices
CD-ROM/DVD drives, 533-539
external hard drives, 539-541
floppy drives, 526-529
PATA drives, 530-532
tape drives, 539-541
touch screens, 276-277
USB ports, 280-281
video hardware, 319-321
Windows upgrades, 679-680
wireless clients, 415
troubleshooting cycles, 843
troubleshooting methodology, 5
analyzing the problem, 703
client interviews, 702-703
identifying the problem, 704
symptoms and error codes, recording, 706-707
troubleshooting tools
Device Manager, 725-729
hardware diagnostics, 850-851
SFC, 729
tuning application performance, 642-643
TVSS ratings, 181
U
UAC (User Account Control), 405-406
UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter), 746
UDF (Universal Disk Format), 536
UL 1449 standard, 181
Unattend.xml, 659
unattended installation, 662-663
unbuffered memory, 211
UNC (Uniform Naming Convention), 796
path names, 744
underclocked systems, troubleshooting, 104
unresponsive applications, stopping, 643
unused wireless network connections, security, 416-417
updates, installing, 732
updating
AP firmware, 399
BIOS, 148
failed updates, recovering from, 151
Flash BIOS updates, 149-150
upgrading Windows operating systems, 672-679
UPS systems, 182-184
USB 2.0 loopback plugs, 851
USB flash memory drives, 524-525
USB network adapters, 775
USB ports, 227
adding, 230
connectors, 228-230
troubleshooting, 280-281
user accounts, 405
user/group permissions
configuring in Windows Vista, 792
configuring in Windows XP, 790, 792
username/password authentication, 390
utilities, 33
UTP (unshielded twisted-pair) cabling, 769-771
V
vacuum cleaners, selecting, 854
verifying
hardware compatibility for operating systems, 651-653
Windows installation, 669-672
video hardware, troubleshooting, 319-321
video capture cards, 110, 266, 271
video cards
bus types, 299
installing, 300-303
viewing
current resource usage, 45-46
event logs, 408
viewing options (Windows Explorer), 559-560
virtual memory, 638
viruses, 391
VoIP (voice over IP), 768
VRM (voltage regulator module), 94
W
wattage ratings for power supplies, 161
Web browsers
configuring, 799-800
installing, 798
script settings, configuring, 801
security, configuring, 801
web resources, 18
webcam, installing, 268
webcams, 264
Welcome Center, 550
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), 392-393, 777
“white box” systems, opening, 34
Wi-Fi, 766
Wide SCSI host adapters, 70, 231
width of memory modules, 209
wildcards, 609
windowboxing, 346
Windows
Advanced Boot Options, 691-693
recovering, 689-691
Registry, 555
Windows 2000
boot errors, 719
ERD, 701
Recovery Console, 695-696, 699
upgrading to Windows Vista, 675-676
upgrading to Windows XP, 677-679
Windows Aero, 550
Windows calculator, 787
Windows Explorer, 557
command-line options, 605-606
Common Tasks view, 557
hard disk, formatting, 605
viewing options, 559-560
Windows Firewall, enabling, 410-411
Windows operating systems
device drivers, providing for installation, 668-669
Device Manager, 725-729
hard disk, preparing for installation, 664-668
installing, 655
from disk image, 659-660
from network drive, 659
from recovery DVD/CD, 660-661
minimum requirements, 651-653
network configuration, 663-664
Task Manager, 724-725
upgrades, troubleshooting, 679-680
upgrading, 672-676
verifying installation, 669-672
Windows Sidebar, 551
Windows Update, 732
Windows Vista
Backup Status and Configuration, 602
boot errors, 718-719
boot sequence, 575
command prompt, 563-564
Complete PC Backup, 699-700
Control Panel, 561
shortcuts, 563
starting, 562
Disk Management snap-in, 581, 584
DVDs, recording, 516-517
GUI, 550-552
hibernation, disabling, 580
indexing, 573-574
installation log files, 671-672
installing, 656-658
My Computer, 561
My Network Places, 565-567
Network window, 564-566
Performance Monitor, 636-638
Program Compatibility Wizard, 553-554
recovering with WinRE, 693-694
Registry, 577-579
Start Menu, 570
adding items to, 571-572
properties, adjusting, 573
removing items from, 573
System Tray, 568-570
task bar, 568
upgrading to, 675-676
user/group permissions, configuring, 792
versions, comparing, 653
Windows XP
ASR, 700-701
boot errors, 719
boot sequence, 575
Boot.ini, 576
NTBOODD.SYS, 577
NTDETECT.COM, 577
NTLDR, 577
CDs, recording, 514-517
DVDs, recording, 514-515
indexing, 573-574
installation log files, 670
installation, starting from boot disk, 661-662
installing, 658-659
Network Setup wizard, 788
Recovery Console, 695-696, 699
Registry, 577-579
simple file sharing, 790
System Monitor, 636-638
upgrading to, 677-679
upgrading to Windows Vista, 675-676
user/group permissions, configuring, 790-792
WinRE, 693-694
WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service), 787
Wireless Ethernet, 766-767
configuring, 777-778
wireless networks
APs, configuring, 394-399
clients, configuring, 412-414
clients, troubleshooting, 415
unused connections, 416-417
WEP, 392-393
WPA, 392-393
workstations, locking, 403
World Wide Web Consortium, 759
X-Y-Z
XCOPY command, 613-614
XPS (XML Paper Specification), 455
ZV (Zoomed Video) support, 337