Locators in bold refer to diagrams, figures and tables
absorption coefficient 25
accessories, microphone 74–6
accessories, studio: see studio accessories
acoustic panels 25
acoustics 21, 24–5, 122–4, 123
actual malice (libel) 11
actuality 162
A/D (analog-to-digital) converter 42, 65–6
adaptive transform acoustic coding (ATRAC) 253
Adobe Audition 47–54, 48–50, 142, 213
ADR (automated dialogue replacement) 199–201, 200
advertisements 5, 21; see also commercials
AES/EBU (Audio Engineering Society/European Broadcasting Union) 129
aesthetics, studio 26–7
age, target audience 3
AIFF file format 111
Akustia 65
alerts, news 2
aliasing 41
all-digital facility 45
all-news station 162
AM (amplitude modulation) 220, 221
American Society of Composers Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) 218
amplification 91
amplifier, monitor 93, 94, 124–5
amplitude modulation (AM) 220, 221
AMS (automatic music sensor) 249
analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 42, 65–6
announce booth 21
antenna 22
anti-aliasing 41
antiphase, in 30
anti-static measures 27
AP (Associated Press) 6
arm, tone 243–4
arms, idler/tension 245–6
ASCAP (American Society of Composers Authors and Publishers) 218
assignment of tracks 53
Associated Press (AP) 6
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 179
atmosphere 27
ATRAC (adaptive transform acoustic coding) 253
attack 31
attention, selective 174
AUD (audition) output 95–6
audience
audio
production 1
audio cards, DSP (digital signal processing) 44
audio chain 22
audio consoles 22, 89–91, 89–95, 98, 213, 251
equalizers and pan pots 96–7
functions 91
input 91–3
monitoring 93–4
other features 97–8
VU meters and cue 94–5; see also digital audio production
Audio Engineering Society/European Broadcasting Union (AES/EBU) 129
analog tape editing 249–51
cartridge tape recorders 248–9
cassette tape recorders 247–8
reel-to-reel tape recorders 245–7
tape-based digital recorders 249
turntables 243–5
audio filters 144–5
audio recorders 22, 177–8, 179
audio routing switcher 126–7, 127
audio signal 29
audio source 93
audio streaming 213, 213–14, 216
AudioVAULT 91
audition (AUD) output 95–6
automated dialogue replacement (ADR) 199–201, 200
automatic music sensor (AMS) 249
auxilliary (AUX) output 95–6
B, Dolby 145
background noise: see noise
backplate (mic) 67
balance control 97
balanced cable 129
balanced wiring scheme 130
band pass/reject filter 144
barefoot headphones 126
bass reflex 123
bass roll off 69–70
bay, patch 126
Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC) connector 129
bed, music 157
bidirectional pickup pattern 68
binary 41
binoculars 183
bit rate, constant/variable (CBR/VBR) 214
blackbox signal processing 142
block, splicing 249
BMI (Broadcast Music Inc.) 218
BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connector 129
board operator 1
booms 23, 75–6, 76, 194–5, 195
boomy (sound quality) 123
boosting (frequency) 26
booth, announce 21
boots 183
bouncing 51
boundary microphones 73–4
brainstorming 5
branding 158–9
bribery 11
brilliance 25
broadband wireless transmission 180
Broadcast Electronic 91
broadcast monitors 123
Broadcast Music Inc. (BMI) 218
broadcasting 1, 22–3, 47, 51, 220
buffer area 215
bulletproof vest 182
bumper 158
buttons
AMS 249
PGM/AUD/AUX/UTL 96
PLAY/RECORD/STOP 48
PREVIEW 143
SELECT/RAISE/LOWER 142
C, Dolby 145
cable television 220
cables 130
cables, balanced/unbalanced 129–30
call-in talk show 163
camera microphone 198
cancellation, phase 194
cancelling (frequency) 26
capacitance 66
capacitor microphones 66–7, 67, 76, 160, 161, 194
capacity
DVD (digital versatile disc) 112
hard drive 113
capstan 246
cards
CF 112
SD 112
cardioid pickup pattern 68, 77, 160, 161, 192, 202
care of CDs 110–11
case study 211–12
carpeting, wall 25
cartridge (MiniDisc) 252
cartridge tape recorders 248–9
cartridges (turntable) 243–4
cart-style CD players 110
case study
webcasting 211–12
cassette tape recorders 247–8, 247–8
cassettes, DAT tape 249
CBR (constant bit rate) 214
CD recorders (CD-R) 22, 111, 112
CD-RW (rewritable CD) 111
ceiling grid (TV studio) 195
cell ‘phone transmission 181
centralized providers (audio streaming) 216
CF (CompactFlash) cards 112
chain, audio 22
chairs 26
channel (audio console) 91
channel orientation 124–5
cheat sheets 160
checklist, location survey 175
chorusing 51
circumaural headphones 125, 178
clamping plates 252
clappers 196
classification of microphones 66
closed-cushion headphones 125
close-proximity monitoring 124
clothing, fireproof 183
CNN Radio 6
code, time 199
code of ethics 12–13
coding, perceptual 214
coefficient, absorption 25
cold (XLR connector) 128
combo operation 23
comments (web) 216
compact discs (CDs) 6, 109–11, 110, 112
player/recorder 22
CompactFlash (CF) card 112
companders 144–5
compatibility of media 111
components
speakers 122
composition, music 199
compressors 147
computer maintenance 46
computer monitors 23
computer skills 5
computers and audio consoles 91, 213
concavity 26
condenser microphones 66–7, 67, 76, 160, 161, 194
cones (speaker) 122
connection speed 213
consoles, audio: see audio console
constant bit rate (CBR) 214
contact, visual (in-studio) 22, 27–8
content 3–4
continuity (visual media production) 195–6
control, balance 97
control, input volume 92–3, 178
controls, gain 92–3
controversy 3–4
convergence 4
converters, analog-to-digital (A/D) 42, 65–6
convexity 26
copy marking 10–11
cords, patch 126
Corian 23
correspondents 2
corroboration 2
counters 23–4
anti-static 27
CPU
system requirements 217
crossover network 123
cross-pair miking 71
cue sheets 203
cue talent signal 28
cue wheels 109
cueing, slip 244–5
curiosity 5
curves, frequency response 31
cut ‘n’ splice 249
cut signal 28
D/A (digital-to-analog) converters 121
DASH (Digital Audio Stationary Head) 249
DAT tape cassettes 249
data compression 111–12
DAWs (digital audio workstations) 22, 44, 44–6
dbx 144–5
dead spots 181
deadness, studio 25
decay 31
decision-making 13
decoration 27
de-essers 148
delivery 5
demographics 3
Denon Professional 110
depth, stereo 70
devices, signal processing: see signal processing equipment
dialogue 192
digital audio equipment: see audio equipment
digital audio players/recorders 109, 197
CDs and CD players/recorders 109–11
compactflash and other digital recorders 112–13
data compression 111–12
digital distribution networks 114
mp3/portable audio players 114
storage 113
digital audio production 41, 54, 197
audio synchronization 47
the digital process 41–3
latency 47
multitrack 50–4
roots in analog production 41
strengths and weaknesses 46–7; see also audio console; digital audio workstations (DAWs)
Digital Audio Stationary Head (DASH) 249
digital audio workstations (DAWs) 22, 44, 44–6
digital delay units 145–6
digital distribution networks 114
digital input 121
digital media 47
digital microphone 65–6
digital monitor speakers 122
digital recording 29
digital reverb units 145
digital signal processing (DSP): see signal processing equipment
digital versatile disc (DVD) 112
digital-to-analog (D/A) converter 121
dimmers (lighting) 26
direct sound 24
Disc Jockey (DJ) 1, 2–3, 159, 159–60, 174
distribution networks, digital 114
distribution platforms 211–12
alternative distribution means 218–21
copyright and listing sites 218
encoders 214
home studio (internet audio production) 217–18
on-demand files and podcasting 216–17
playback software and apps 215–16
servers 214–15
streaming 213–14
web pages 212–13; see also internet; radio
DJ (Disc Jockey) 1, 2–3, 159, 159–60, 174
Dolby 144–5
double glazing 25
double-glassed windows 25
double-plug (patch cord) 126
double-system sound 196
dovetailing 52
drama 165
dramatic pause 6
dramatic tension 3–4
driver, dynamic cone 122
drop-out 247
dry signal 141
dryness 25
DSP (digital signal processing): see signal processing equipment
dubbing, voice 51
DVD (digital versatile disc) 112
dynamic cone driver 122
dynamic microphone 66, 76, 192
dynamic range 42, 109, 141, 146–7
earbud headphones 126
early sound scattering (ESS) 25
digital 43
editing suite 21
editor 1
personal audio 45–6
education, audience 3
effects
voice 51–2
world wide web 146
egg carton (sound treatment) 25
electricity, static 27
electrostatic headphones 126
enclosures, speaker 122–3, 123
encoders 214
encoding (digital media) 47, 214
engineer, sound 1
engineer-assist broadcasting 22–3
enhancing image 158–9
entertainment 2
environment
simulated 145
studio: see studio environment
equal loudness principle 31
equalization (EQ) 22, 96–7, 142–4, 183
equipment 11, 22; see also audio equipment
equipment, field reporting 177–8
equipment, signal processing: see signal processing equipment
ESS (early sound scattering) 25
ethernet connectors 129
Eventide 148
Eventide Harmonizer 148
expander 147
expenses, production 4
extemporaneous speech 5
eye wash 183
fabric softener 27
facts (journalism) 2
faders 92
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 11, 43, 180
feed, satellite/telephone 47
feedback, headphone 125–6
feedback, microphone 70
feeds, RSS (Really Simple Syndication) 217
fees, licensing 218
field mixers 89
field production: see field reporting
field reporting 173, 173–82, 183
common problems 174–5
postproduction concerns 183
provisions 182–3
signal communication 178–81
site planning 175–6
types of field production 173–4
using equipment 177–8
vehicle handling 181–2
field supplies 182
file formats (sound) 49, 111, 216
files, on-demand 216–17
filters, audio 144–5
final decay 31
final mix 202–3
finalization (CD-R) 111
fireproof clothing 183
FireWire connectors 129
First Amendment 11
first-aid kits 183
five-band graphic equalizer 143
flaming 216
flanger 147–8
flares 183
Flash Player (plug-in) 215
flashlights 183
FlashMic, HHB 113
flat-screen monitors 23
floor stands 195
fluorescent lighting 26
FM (frequency modulation) 73, 220
Foley 201–2
Foley walker 201
food supplies 183
form, location permission 176
format, compact disc (CD) 110, 112
Fox News 3
frames, speaker 122
frequency 30
frequency boosting/cancelling 26
frequency modulation (FM) 220
frequency response 31, 42, 66, 109, 123, 141
full-track (mono) 246
functions, audio console 91
fundamental 30
furniture, adjustable 26
furniture, studio 23, 23–4, 26
gain 142
gain controls 92–3
gas masks 183
gates, noise 147
General Public License, GNU 97
generation loss 41
generators, tone 97
geosynchronous satellites 179–80
give mic level signal 28
glare 26
glazing, double 25
glossary 231–42
GNU General Public License 43
goals (production planning) 2–3
Google 2
Grace Digital
IRC6000 Mondo Wifi Internet Radio 215
graphic equalizers 143
grease pencils 249
grid, ceiling (TV studio) 195
group recording 161
groups, interest 3
guide pin/roller 248
guides, tape 245–6
half-track (mono) 246
handling, vehicle (field reporting) 181, 181–2
hard drive storage 113
hard drives 177
hard hats 183
hardwiring (speaker) 126–7
harmonics 30
harshness 110
hats, hard 183
headphones 22, 125, 125–6, 178, 217
headphones, barefoot 126
headroom 28–9
headsets 195
hearing threshold 147
hear-through headphones 125
helicopters, news 182
hertz (Hz) 30
HHB FlashMic 113
high-impedance 69
hoaxing 11
home page 212–13
home studios (internet audio production) 217–18
hosting, talkshow 163–4
hot (XLR connector) 128
house sound 178
housing, plastic (CDs) 110
hub 248
humidity 175
humour 5
Hz (hertz) 30
iBiquity Digital Corporation 220–1
IBOC (in-band on-channel) 220–1
ID, station 158
ideas (production planning) 2
idler arms 246
IDs 46
image enhancement 158–9
impedance (microphones) 69
importance of sound in visual media 191–2
in phase 30
in the mud 95
in-band on-channel (IBOC) 220–1
indecency 11
indirect sound 24
information 3
information society 2
ink/label layer (CD) 111
input
audio console 91–3
digital 121
level 125
selectors 91–2
inspiration 2
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 130, 180
interaction, on-air (internet) 216
interest groups 3
interface, telephone 130–1, 131
interference, multiple-microphone 70, 161, 194
portals 6
webcasting case study 211–12
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 215
interview programs 43
interview techniques 164
invasion of privacy 11
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) 130, 179
ISPs (Internet Service Providers) 215
IT skills 5
Izotope.com 146
jack plug 128
jacket 182
jingle 158
keyboards 23
kilohertz (kHz) 30
kits, first-aid 183
kitchen-type counters 24
knock-out tabs 248
label information (digital media) 47
language 3
offensive 11
laser diodes 109
latches, locking (XLR connector) 128
latency 47
lavaliere microphones 73, 192–4, 194
laws 11–12
layers
CD construction 111
magnetic tape 245
leads, pigtail 122
LEDE (live end/dead end) 25
LEDs (light-emitting diodes) 95
left/right (connectors) 127–8
left/right (patch panel) 127
lenses (CD player) 109–10
LEO (low-earth orbit) satellites 180
level
output/input 125
speaker 130
levels, riding 95
Lexicon 148
libel 11
libraries, music 6
license fees 218
licensing agencies 218
life cycle (sound) 24
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 95
lighting, fluorescent 26
lighting, visual media 194
lighting dimmers 26
lightning 175
lights
on-air/off-air 27
recording 27
limiters 147
line level 92
line of sight 179
liners 158
lines, balanced and unbalanced 129–30
listener (speaker placement) 124
listing sites 218
literacy 5
live bouncing 51
live broadcasting 47
live end/dead end (LEDE) 25
live music 174
live studio 25
liveliness (studio) 25
location permission form 176
location survey checklist 175
locking latches (XLR connector) 128
Lo-Fi 146
long-play (LP) 243
loss, generation 41
low pass filters 144
low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites 180
LOWER button 142
low-impedance 69
LP (long-play) 243
magnets
speaker 122
maintenance, digital equipment 46–7
male/female connectors 127–9
malice, actual (libel) 11
Marantz recorder 179
marking, copy 10–11
Marti RPU 180
masks, gas 183
materials, construction (studio) 25–6
materials, sound-treatment 25
M-Audio
FastTrackPro USB audio recording interface 217
MD (MiniDisc) 22, 111, 251–3, 252
media, digital 47
media, visual (sound production): see sound production (visual media)
media agencies 6
media compatibility 111
medical kits 183
metallic sound 110
meter, pegging the 95
mic level (signal) 28
microphone 22, 24, 65–6, 65–76, 77, 174, 177, 192
camera 198
feedback 70
field reporting 177
hand signals 28
impedance and sensitivity 69
internet audio production 217
pickup patterns 67–9
specialist applications and accessories 74–7
stereo and surround sound 70–2
techniques 77
types and classification 66–7
unwanted effects 69–70
visual media production 191–5
microphone-to-mouth relationship 77
MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) 47
midrange speakers 122
mid-side miking 71
MiniDisc (MD) 22, 111, 251–3, 252
minidramas 157–8
miniphone connectors 128
mix
down 53
final 202–3
mixing 91
mobile studio 181
modem 213
modes, safe/sync 53
modular architecture (audio consoles) 90
modular furniture 23
modulation (radio transmission) 220, 221
monaural input 97
monitor amplifiers 93, 94, 124–5
monitor speakers 22, 93, 121–2, 131, 217
amplifiers 124–5
components 122
enclosures 122–3
headphones 125–6
phase and channel orientation 124–5
sound qualities and placement 123–4
types and classification 121–2
wiring and connections 126–9
monitors, broadcast 123
monitors, computer 23
monitoring 179
monitoring techniques 124
mono, full-track/half-track 246
mono signal 53
mono/stereo (phone plugs) 128
morning radio shows 6
mounting (microphone) 73–6
Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 216; see also MP3 file format; MP4 file format
portable audio players 114
MP4 file format 216
mud, in the 95
muff, headphone 125
multi-effects processor 148
multiplay CD player 110
multiple-microphone interference 70, 161, 194
bed 157
composition 199
libraries 6
punctuators 158
musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) 47
mute switches 97
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) 163
National Public Radio (NPR) 3
National Semiconductor 65
near-field monitoring 124
needle 244
needle, pinning the 95
network, crossover 123
networks, digital distribution 114
Neumann KM84 161
radio 5
news helicopters 182
news stations 162
niche-orientation 3
NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association) 163
encoders 214
gates 147
high-frequency 142
nondestructive editing 49
nondirectional pickup patterns 67–8, 68
non-sync sound 197
notch filters 144
NPR (National Public Radio) 3
objectives (production planning) 2–3
obscenity 11
octave 31
off-air lights 27
off-axis 67
offensive language 11
omnidirectional pickup pattern 67–8, 68, 77, 176, 192
on-air lights 27
on-air radio consoles 90
on-air studios 21
on-axis 67
on-demand files 216–17
online data storage 113
operator (speaker placement) 124
operator, board 1
orientation, channel 124–5
out of phase 30
output, audio console 91–3, 95–6
output level 125
output selectors 95–6
output volume controls 96
overdriven signal 28
overdubbing 50–1
overhead (bandwidth) 214
overmodulation 95
over-the-air broadcasting 220
overtone 30
pace (speech) 8
pad, pressure 248
page, home 212–13
pain threshold 147
pan knobs 97
pan pots 97
panels, acoustic 25
panels, patch 126–7
paperwork 7–8
parabolic microphones 74, 75, 77
parametric equalizers 143–4, 144
parking 176
particle-board 23
patch
bays 126
cords 126
panels 126–7
patching (speaker) 126–7
pause, dramatic 6
payola 11
PDX. abbreviation 21
peaking in the red 95
peaks and valleys 26
pegging the meter 95
pencil, grease 249
penetration 24
perambulator booms 194
perceptual coding 214
performance studios 21
permission forms, location 176
personal audio editor 45–6
personnel (production planning) 4–5
perspective (visual media production) 195–6
PGM (program) output 95–6
phase 30
cancellation 194
phase, speaker 124–5
phone connectors 127–8
‘phones
satellite 180
photodiode 110
pickup patterns (microphone) 67–9, 77
pickup unit, remote (RPU) 179
pigtail leads 122
pilot/reporter 182
pin, guide 248
pinch rollers 246
ping-ponging 51
pinning the needle 95
pint-through 247
pitch (speech) 8
placement, speaker 124
Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) 130
planning, production: see production planning
planning, site (field reporting) 175–6
plastic housing (CDs) 110
plate, clamping 252
platforms, distribution: see distribution platforms
platter 243
PLAY button 48
players, digital: see digital audio players/recorders
plosives 66
plugola 11
plugs 127–9
plywood 23
polar pattern 68–9
polar response patterns 68–9, 69
pole pieces 72
polycarbonate layer (CD) 111
portable audio players 114
portable mixers 178
position, microphone 77
posters 27
postproduction
concerns 196–202
editing 1
field reporting 183
visual media 202
potentiometers (pots) 93, 96–7
POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) 130
pots (potentiometers) 93, 96–7
preamplifiers 244
pressure microphones 66
pressure pads 248
pressure zone microphone (PZM) 73–4, 77
PREVIEW button 143
principle, equal loudness 31
prisms (CD player) 109
privacy, invasion of 11
procedure, recording visual media 196–7
producer 1
production, digital audio: see digital audio production
production, field: see field reporting
elements 5–7
equipment and facilities 11
importance of voice 8–11
laws and ethics 11–13
paperwork 7–8
personnel 4–5
scripting 7
style 3–4
target audience 3
production situations 157, 165
commercials 157–8
drama and variety 165
image enhancement 158–9
music recording 160–1
sports/traffic/weather reports 163
talkshows 163–4
productivity 23–4
program (PGM) output 95–6
propagation, wave 29
protective layer (CD) 111
providers, audio streaming 216
provisions, field reporting 182, 182–3
proximity effect 69–70
PSA (public service announcement) 21
public service announcement (PSA) 21
punch-in 51
punctuators, music 158
PZM (pressure zone microphone) 73–4, 74, 77
quantizing 41–2
quarter-track stereo 246
questioning 164
HD 220–1
internet 215
licensing agencies 218
news anchor 5
production elements 5–6
radio, satellite 220
radio console, on-air 90
radio frequency (RF) microphones 73
radio reporter 2
Radio-Television Digital News Association (RTDNA) 12
rain 175
RAISE button 142
random access memory (RAM) 213
range, dynamic 42, 109, 141, 146–7
rarefaction 29
rate (speech) 8–10
rate, sampling 41–2
rate, streaming 214
rate, variable (CD player) 109
ratio, signal-to-noise (S/N) 28, 109, 214
realistic sound 72
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds 217
RECORD button 48
recorder, audio 22, 177–8, 179
recorder, digital: see digital audio players/recorders
recorder, solid-state 112
recorders, tape 245–9
recording 160–1
analog/digital 29
recording lights 27
recordist 1
red, peaking in the 95
reel, take-up/supply 245
reel-to-reel tape recorders 245–7, 246
reflected sound 24
reflection-free zone (RFZ) 25
reflective layer (CD) 111
reflex, bass 123
regulated phase microphone 72
release 31
remote pickup unit (RPU) 179
remote start switches 96
reporter, field 162, 173; see also field reporting
reporter, radio 2
reporter/pilot 182
reports, news/traffic/weather 163
requirements, system
home studio (internet audio production) 217
resistors, variable 92
response, frequency 31, 42, 66, 109, 123, 141
reverb 25
reverb unit, digital 145
route/ring/time 25
revolutions per minute (RPM) 243
rewritable CD (CD-RW) 111
RF (radio frequency) microphone 73
RFZ (reflection-free zone) 25
ribbon microphone 72
riding levels 95
right/left (connectors) 127–8
ring (phone connectors) 128
ring, reverb 25
rip and read 161
RocknRoller Multi-Cart 197
roll off, bass 69–70
roller, guide 248
roller, pinch 246
route, reverb 25
RPM (revolutions per minute) 243
RPUs (remote pickup units) 179
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds 217
RTDNA (Radio-Television Digital News Association) 12
S, Dolby 145
safe harbor 11
safe mode 53
sampling rates 41–2
satellite feeds 47
satellite ’phones 180
satellite radio/television 220
satellites 179–80
save function 49
scattering, early sound (ESS) 25
schedule 9
scratch tracks 200–1
screenshots
Adobe Audition 48–50, 143–4, 146, 148
SoundCloud 113
script supervisor 195
scripting 7
SD (Secure Digital) card 112
sealed-box design 122
search engines 2
seating 26
Secure Digital (SD) card 112
segue 98
sel sync (selective synchronization) 247
SELECT button 142
selective attention principle 174
selectors
input 91–2
output 95–6
self-contained audio consoles 90
Sennheiser Electronic Corporation 112–13
MD40 cardioid hand mic 177
SESAC (Society of European Stage Authors and Composers) 218
sexual obscenity 11
sheets
cheat 160
cue 203
spotting 202
shellac 243
shield (XLR connector) 128
shock mount (microphone) 75–6, 76
shutter opening (MiniDisc) 252
sibilance 66
sight, line of 179
signal
audio/sound 29
mono/stereo 53
overdriven 28
stair-step 42
wet/dry 141
signal processing equipment 22, 141–2, 148
audio filters and noise reduction 144–5
common and specialist devices 147–8
dynamic range 146–7
equalizers 142–4
reverb and digital delay 145–6
software/blackbox signal processing 142
signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio 28, 109, 214
simulated environment 145
single-plug (patch cord) 126
single-system sound 196
sit-down design 23
site planning (field reporting) 175–6
sites, listing 218
skills, IT 5
slapback echo 52
sleeve (phone connectors) 128
sleeve (phono plug) 127
sliders 92
slip cueing 244–5
slow down (signal) 28
slug 7
smartphone 2
SMPTE (Society for Motion Picture and Television Engineers) 47
society 2
Society for Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) 47
Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC) 218
softener, fabric 27
software, playback 213, 215–16
software signal processing 142
solid-state recorder 112
solo switches 97
solution, eye wash 183
Sony-Philips Digital (S/PDIF) 129
ambient/atmospheric 183, 197–8
direct/indirect 24
double-/single-system 196
house 178
importance of (visual media) 191–2
metallic/tinny 110
reflected 24
sync/non-sync 197
sound bites 5–6
sound engineers 1
Sound Exchange 219
sound production (visual media) 191, 203
continuity and perspective 195–6
final mix 202–3
importance of visual and aural elements 191–2
microphone positioning 191–5
postproduction concerns 202
recording 196–202
speech 192
sound signals 29
SoundCloud 113
soundproofing 25
source, audio 93
sources 2
source/tape switch 246
spaced pair miking 71
S/PDIF (Sony-Philips Digital) 129
speaker(s) 213
midrange 122
phase 124–5
placement 124
systems 122; see also monitor speaker
speed, connection (internet) 213
speed selector switch 243, 244
speed up (signal) 28
splaying (studio walls) 26
splicing
blocks 249
tape 249–50
techniques (analog) 250–1
split pair miking 71
spotting sheets 202
Sprint 180
SR, Dolby 145
stacking 51–2
stair-step signal 42
standby signal 28
standing waves 26
stands, microphone 75–6, 76, 194–5, 195
stand-up design 23
static electricity 27
station ID 158
stereo microphone 70–1, 71, 73
stereo signal 53
stereo synthesizer 148
stereo/mono (phone plugs) 128
stock components, modular 23
stools 26
STOP button 48
storage, physical 197
centralized providers 216
streamlined studio 21
stringers 181
studio, home 217–18
studio, mobile 181
balanced and unbalanced lines 129–30
microphone/line/speaker levels 130
telephone interface 130–1
wiring and connections 126–9
studio deadness 25
studio environment 21–2, 26, 31
audio chain 22
communications 27–8
construction materials 25–6
dimensions and aesthetics 26–7
layout 22–3
production studio furniture 23–4
sound considerations 24–5, 28–31
styluses 243–4
subwoofers 71–2
suite, editing 21
supervisor, script 195
supplies, field 182
supply reels 245
supra-aural headphones 125
surface-mount microphone 73–4
surfaces
acoustic properties 25
survey, location checklist 175
suspense 3–4
suspension, acoustic 122–3, 123
sustain 31
swallowing the microphone 77
sweepers 158
sweetening 202
switcher, audio routing 126–7, 127
switches
mute 97
remote start 96
solo 97
source/tape 246
talk-back 97
symmetry, acoustic 123–4
sync mode 53
sync sound 197
synthesizer, stereo 148
system requirements
home studio (internet audio production) 217
tab, knock-out 248
takes 52–3
take-up reels 245
online interaction 216
talk-back switches 97
tape
guides 245–6
recorders 245–9
transport 245
technique, interview 164
technique, microphone 77
telephone feeds 47
telephone interfaces 130–1, 131
television reporter 2
television sound production: see sound production (visual media)
Telex 179
temperament 5
template (script) 7
tension, dramatic 3–4
tension arms 245–6
testimony 2
theme tune 6
three-pin connector 127–8, 128
three-way speaker system 122
threshold, hearing/pain 147
thunder 175
time, reverb 25
time code 199
timeline (commercials) 158
tinny sound 110
tips (phono plug) 127
toeing in 124
Toft ATB16 251
tone arms 243–4
tone generators 97
Toslink 129
touch pad, static 27
track assignment 53
tracking, voice 160
tracks
scratch 200–1
wild 183
traffic reports 163
transmission, cell ‘phone/wireless broadband 180
transmitter 22
transport, tape 245
tray (CD player) 109
treatment, sound 25
treble 31
tube microphones 72
booms 23
two-channel audio consoles 92
two-track editors 43
two-track stereo 246
two-way speaker systems 122
ultra-cardioid 68
unbalanced cables 130
unbalanced wiring schemes 129–30
unidirectional microphones 68
unity-gain devices 142
universal serial bus (USB) connectors 129
user interfaces 44–5
utility (UTL) output 96
valleys and peaks 26
variable bit rate (VBR) 214
variable rate (CD player) 109
variable resistors 92
VBR (variable bit rate) 214
vehicle handling (field reporting) 181, 181–2
vented-box design 123
verification 2
versatility 4
vest, bulletproof 183
Vinyl (plug-in) 146
virtual audio consoles 91
visual contact (in-studio) 22, 27–8
visual media, sound production: see sound production (visual media)
voice, importance of 8–11
voice dubbing 51
voice effects
multitrack 51–2
voice tracking 160
voices 5
volume (speech) 10
volume control, input/output 92–3, 96, 178
VornDick, Bil 161
in the field 178
walker, Foley 201
walking over 160
wall carpeting 25
water supplies 183
wave, standing 26
wave propagation 29
wavelength 30
weather
field reporting 175
weather maps 163
web comments 216
webcasting 211–12
well (CD player) 109
wet signal 141
wheel, cue 109
Wi-Fi
internet radio 215
wild tracks 183
windows, double glazed 25
windscreen, microphone 74–5, 75, 177
wireless
broadband transmission 180
headphones 126
wiring schemes, balanced/unbalanced 129–30
WMA file format 216
woofers 122, 123; see also subwoofers
workstations, digital audio (DAW) 22, 44, 44–6
world wide web effects 146
WORM (write once read many) design 111
write once read many (WORM) 111
writing ability 5
XLR connectors 127–8, 128, 213
Yamaha 148
01V96 digital mixer 197
Zaxcom
Deva V 10-track digital recorder 197