Part 5 Interpersonal Dynamics in the Management of Projects
by Lewis R. Ireland, David L. Cleland
Project Management
- Cover Page
- Project Management
- Copyright Page
- About the Authors
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Part 1 Introduction
- Chapter 1. The Evolution of Project Management
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Types of Evidence for Historical Projects
- 1.3. Project Charter
- 1.4. Early Literature on Projects
- 1.5. Government Literature
- 1.6. Leading Projects of Antiquity
- 1.7. Military Campaigns
- 1.8. Projects That Changed the World
- 1.9. The Modern Projects
- 1.10. The Results of Historical Projects
- 1.11. The Past, the Present, and the Future for Projects
- 1.12. To Summarize
- 1.13. Additional Sources of Information
- 1.14. Discussion Questions
- 1.15. User Checklist
- 1.16. Principles of Project Management
- 1.17. Project Management Situation—Projects of Antiquity
- 1.18. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 2. Why Project Management?
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. The Role of Strategic Planning
- 2.3. The Spirit of Strategic Planning
- 2.4. Some Limitations of Formal Strategic Planning
- 2.5. Strategic Management—the Project Linkages
- 2.6. Projects
- 2.7. Other Examples
- 2.8. Early Literature
- 2.9. Organizational Liaison Devices
- 2.10. Teams
- 2.11. The Project Management Professional Societies
- 2.12. A Philosophy
- 2.13. Breaking Down Hierarchies
- 2.14. To Summarize
- 2.15. Additional Sources of Information
- 2.16. Discussion Questions
- 2.17. User Checklist
- 2.18. Principles of Project Management
- 2.19. Project Management Situation—External and Internal Projects
- 2.20. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 3. The Project Management Process
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. The General Management Process
- 3.3. The Project Management Process
- 3.4. The Project Life Cycle
- 3.5. Managing the Life Cycle
- 3.6. Project Life Cycles and Uncertainty
- 3.7. To Summarize
- 3.8. Additional Sources of Information
- 3.9. Discussion Questions
- 3.10. User Checklist
- 3.11. Principles of Project Management
- 3.12. Project Management Situation—Strategic Monitoring and Control
- 3.13. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 1. The Evolution of Project Management
- Part 2 The Strategic Context of Projects
- Chapter 4. When to Use Project Management
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Business Process Changes
- 4.3. Specific Uses
- 4.4. Projects and Strategic Planning
- 4.5. When Is a Project Needed?
- 4.6. Promoting Participative Management
- 4.7. Senior Management Responsibility
- 4.8. Selling Project Management to Senior Managers
- 4.9. External Project Management Selling
- 4.10. What It Takes to Sell Project Management
- 4.11. Two Views of Selling Project Management
- 4.12. Types of Projects
- 4.13. The Management of Small Projects
- 4.14. To Summarize
- 4.15. Additional Sources of Information
- 4.16. Discussion Questions
- 4.17. User Checklist
- 4.18. Principles of Project Management
- 4.19. Project Management Situation—When to Use Project Management
- 4.20. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 5. The Strategic Context of Projects
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Strategic Transitions
- 5.3. Implications of Technology
- 5.4. A Stream of Projects
- 5.5. Strategic Relationship of Projects
- 5.6. Determining Strategic Fit
- 5.7. The Vision
- 5.8. Projects and Organizational Management
- 5.9. Project Planning
- 5.10. Project Management System
- 5.11. To Summarize
- 5.12. Additional Sources of Information
- 5.13. Discussion Questions
- 5.14. User Checklist
- 5.15. Principles of Project Management
- 5.16. Project Management Situation—Improvement of Project Management
- 5.17. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 6. The Board of Directors and Major Projects
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. The Need for Boards of Directors
- 6.3. Surveillance
- 6.4. Some Board Inadequacies
- 6.5. Exemplary Board Behavior
- 6.6. The Board’s Responsibilities
- 6.7. The Role of Managers
- 6.8. The Role of Projects
- 6.9. Project Reviews
- 6.10. Information for the Board
- 6.11. The Performance Audit
- 6.12. Selection of Directors
- 6.13. To Summarize
- 6.14. Additional Sources of Information
- 6.15. Discussion Questions
- 6.16. User Checklist
- 6.17. Principles of Project Management
- 6.18. Project Management Situation—Boards of Directors’ Inadequacies
- 6.19. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 7. Project Stakeholder Management
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Why Manage Stakeholders?
- 7.3. Organizational Stakeholders
- 7.4. Project Stakeholders
- 7.5. Some Examples of Stakeholder Influence
- 7.6. Some Examples of Successful Stakeholder Management
- 7.7. Project Stakeholder Management Process
- 7.8. Planning Stakeholder Management
- 7.9. A Model of the PSM Process
- 7.10. Identification of Stakeholders
- 7.11. Primary Stakeholders
- 7.12. Secondary Stakeholders
- 7.13. Gathering Stakeholder Information
- 7.14. Identification of Stakeholder Mission
- 7.15. Determining Stakeholder Strengths and Weaknesses
- 7.16. Identification of Stakeholder Strategy
- 7.17. Prediction of Stakeholder Behavior
- 7.18. Project Audit
- 7.19. Implementing Stakeholder Management Strategy
- 7.20. To Summarize
- 7.21. Additional Sources of Information
- 7.22. Discussion Questions
- 7.23. User Checklist
- 7.24. Principles of Project Management
- 7.25. Project Management Situation—Stakeholder Initiatives
- 7.26. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 8. Strategic Issues in Project Management
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. What Are Strategic Issues?
- 8.3. Some Examples
- 8.4. An Application of the Concept of Strategic Issues: Nuclear Construction Industry
- 8.5. Managing Project Strategic Issues
- 8.6. Issue Identification
- 8.7. Assessment of an Issue
- 8.8. Analysis of Action
- 8.9. Implementation
- 8.10. To Summarize
- 8.11. Additional Sources of Information
- 8.12. Discussion Questions
- 8.13. User Checklist
- 8.14. Principles of Project Management
- 8.15. Project Management Situation—Some Strategic Issues
- 8.16. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 4. When to Use Project Management
- Part 3 Organizational Design for Project Management
- Chapter 9. Organizing for Project Management
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Project-Driven Organization
- 9.3. Organizational Deficiencies
- 9.4. Self-Management in Organizations
- 9.5. The Project Organization
- 9.6. Various Forms of the Project Organization
- 9.7. The Matrix Organization
- 9.8. Functional Area Knowledge
- 9.9. Focus of the Matrix Design
- 9.10. Importance of Work Packages
- 9.11. The Project-Functional Interface
- 9.12. A Controversial Design
- 9.13. No One Best Organizational Design
- 9.14. Global Project Organizations
- 9.15. Project-Customer Relationships
- 9.16. Organizational Networking
- 9.17. The Project Management Office
- 9.18. Procurement and Contract Negotiations/Administration
- 9.19. To Summarize
- 9.20. Additional Sources of Information
- 9.21. Discussion Questions
- 9.22. User Checklist
- 9.23. Principles of Project Management
- 9.24. Project Management Situation—Understanding the Matrix Organization
- 9.25. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 10. Project Portfolio Management
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Decision to Use Portfolios
- 10.3. Project Portfolio
- 10.4. Project Selection Criteria
- 10.5. Reviewing Project Portfolio Management
- 10.6. Project Portfolio Management Transition and Implementation
- 10.7. To Summarize
- 10.8. Additional Sources of Information
- 10.9. Discussion Questions
- 10.10. User Checklist
- 10.11. Principles of Project Management
- 10.12. Project Management Situation—Portfolio Project Management
- 10.13. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 11. Project Authority
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Authority, Responsibility, and Accountability
- 11.3. Defining Authority
- 11.4. Power
- 11.5. Matrix Implications
- 11.6. The Power to Reward
- 11.7. Reverse Delegation
- 11.8. Documenting Project Manager’s Authority
- 11.9. What is Responsibility?
- 11.10. What is Accountability?
- 11.11. Project Organization Charting
- 11.12. Traditional Organizational Chart
- 11.13. Linear Responsibility Chart
- 11.14. Work Packages
- 11.15. Work Package-Organizational Position Interfaces
- 11.16. A Project Management LRC
- 11.17. Developing the LRC
- 11.18. To Summarize
- 11.19. Additional Sources of Information
- 11.20. Discussion Questions
- 11.21. User Checklist
- 11.22. Principles of Project Management
- 11.23. Project Management Situation—Prescribing Project Management Authority
- 11.24. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 12. Project Management Maturity
- 12.1. Introduction
- 12.2. Organizational Productivity Improvements
- 12.3. Project Management Maturity Models
- 12.4. Total Organizational Capability Maturity Model
- 12.5. Assessing Project Management Maturity
- 12.6. Building a Mature Capability
- 12.7. Benchmarking
- 12.8. Competitive Intelligence
- 12.9. To Summarize
- 12.10. Additional Sources of Information
- 12.11. Discussion Questions
- 12.12. User Checklist
- 12.13. Principles of Project Management
- 12.14. Project Management Situation—Gaining Project Management Maturity
- 12.15. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 9. Organizing for Project Management
- Part 4 Project Operations
- Chapter 13. Project Planning
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.2. The Importance of Planning
- 13.3. Planning Realities
- 13.4. A Conceptual Model of Planning
- 13.5. Project Planning Model
- 13.6. Project Planning Process
- 13.7. Project Planning Considerations
- 13.8. Work Breakdown Structure
- 13.9. Project Schedules
- 13.10. Scheduling Techniques
- 13.11. Project Life-Cycle Planning
- 13.12. Project Planning Elements
- 13.13. Plan Format
- 13.14. Project Management Manual
- 13.15. Project Planning Work Packages
- 13.16. Management Realities
- 13.17. Project Partnering
- 13.18. Types of Project Partnering Arrangements
- 13.19. Examples of Project Partnering Arrangements
- 13.20. Managing Partnered Projects
- 13.21. Technical Aspects of Partnered Projects
- 13.22. Partnering Challenges and Benefits
- 13.23. Outsourcing Project Management
- 13.24. Project Management as an Outsourced Service
- 13.25. Outsourcing Trends
- 13.26. Selecting an Outsource Provider
- 13.27. Outsourcing Project Management Services and Products
- 13.28. Project Management Outsourcing Guidelines
- 13.29. Outsourcing Potential
- 13.30. To Summarize
- 13.31. Additional Sources of Information
- 13.32. Discussion Questions
- 13.33. User Checklist
- 13.34. Principles of Project Management
- 13.35. Project Management Situation—Developing a Project Plan
- 13.36. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 14. Project Management Information System
- 14.1. Introduction
- 14.2. The Project Management Information System
- 14.3. Information Failures
- 14.4. Value of the PMIS
- 14.5. Describing a PMIS
- 14.6. Uses of the PMIS
- 14.7. Information Characteristics and Attributes
- 14.8. Sharing Information
- 14.9. Information Value
- 14.10. Technology and the PMIS
- 14.11. Challenges to an Effective PMIS
- 14.12. PMIS Hardware and Software
- 14.13. Planning for the PMIS
- 14.14. Essential Elements of a PMIS
- 14.15. To Summarize
- 14.16. Additional Sources of Information
- 14.17. Discussion Questions
- 14.18. User Checklist
- 14.19. Principles of Project Management
- 14.20. Project Management Situation—Prescribing a PMIS
- 14.21. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 15. Project Monitoring, Evaluation, and Control
- 15.1. Introduction
- 15.2. Project Control Cycle
- 15.3. Steps in the Control Cycle
- 15.4. Monitoring and Evaluation
- 15.5. Management Functions Evaluation
- 15.6. When to Monitor and Evaluate
- 15.7. Planning for Monitoring and Evaluation
- 15.8. Who Monitors and Evaluates?
- 15.9. Post-Project Reviews
- 15.10. Configuration Management and Control
- 15.11. Planning and Control Implications for Project Success or Failure
- 15.12. Results of Projects—Success or Failure
- 15.13. Examples of Project Success/Failure
- 15.14. The Causes of Success or Failure
- 15.15. Project Audits
- 15.16. Project Evaluation
- 15.17. To Summarize
- 15.18. Additional Sources of Information
- 15.19. Discussion Questions
- 15.20. User Checklist
- 15.21. Principles of Project Management
- 15.22. Project Management Situation—Establishing a Project Control System
- 15.23. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 16. The Project Earned Value Management System
- 16.1. Introduction
- 16.2. Background
- 16.3. EVM Capability
- 16.4. EVM Implementation Considerations
- 16.5. Planning for EVMS
- 16.6. Measuring Progress
- 16.7. Performance Achievement
- 16.8. EVMS Considerations
- 16.9. To Summarize
- 16.10. Additional Sources of Information
- 16.11. Discussion Questions
- 16.12. User Checklist
- 16.13. Principles of Project Management
- 16.14. Project Management Situation—Implementing Earned Value
- 16.15. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 17. Project Termination
- 17.1. Introduction
- 17.2. Why Terminate?
- 17.3. Types of Project Termination
- 17.4. Strategic Implications
- 17.5. Continuing the “LOSERS”
- 17.6. Projects in Trouble
- 17.7. Termination Strategies
- 17.8. Evaluation of Termination Possibilities
- 17.9. Posttermination Activities
- 17.10. To Summarize
- 17.11. Additional Sources of Information
- 17.12. Discussion Questions
- 17.13. User Checklist
- 17.14. Principles of Project Management
- 17.15. Project Management Situation—Shutting Down a Project
- 17.16. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 13. Project Planning
- Part 5 Interpersonal Dynamics in the Management of Projects
- Chapter 18. Project Leadership
- 18.1. Introduction
- 18.2. Concept of Leadership
- 18.3. What Is Leadership?
- 18.4. Studies of Leadership
- 18.5. Leadership Style
- 18.6. Management vis-à-vis Leadership
- 18.7. Project Leadership
- 18.8. Team Leadership
- 18.9. Leadership Competencies
- 18.10. To Summarize
- 18.11. Additional Sources of Information
- 18.12. Discussion Questions
- 18.13. User Checklist
- 18.14. Principles of Project Management
- 18.15. Project Management Situation—Being a Project Leader
- 18.16. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 19. Project Communications
- 19.1. Introduction
- 19.2. Importance of Communication
- 19.3. Communication Problems
- 19.4. The Process of Communication
- 19.5. Informal Communication
- 19.6. Listening
- 19.7. Nonverbal Communication
- 19.8. Written Communications
- 19.9. Project Meetings
- 19.10. The Role of Technology
- 19.11. Communication Links
- 19.12. To Summarize
- 19.13. Additional Sources of Information
- 19.14. Discussion Questions
- 19.15. User Checklist
- 19.16. Principles of Project Management
- 19.17. Project Management Situation—How to Communicate
- 19.18. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 20. Successful Project Teams
- 20.1. Introduction
- 20.2. The Need for Effective Teamwork in Today’s Global World of Business
- 20.3. Making the Transition from Work Group to Team
- 20.4. Measuring Project Team Performance
- 20.5. A Model for Team Building
- 20.6. Building High-Performing Teams
- 20.7. Recommendations for Effective Team Management
- 20.8. To Summarize
- 20.9. Additional Sources of Information
- 20.10. Discussion Questions
- 20.11. User Checklist
- 20.12. Principles of Project Management
- 20.13. Project Management Situation—Technical Project Team
- 20.14. Student/Reader Assignment
- Bibliography
- Chapter 18. Project Leadership
- Part 6 The Cultural Elements
- Chapter 21. Continuous Improvement through Projects
- 21.1. Introduction
- 21.2. Why Continuous Improvement?
- 21.3. Some Examples
- 21.4. Survival through Change
- 21.5. Management Innovation
- 21.6. Continuous Improvement in Productivity
- 21.7. Product Quality through Projects
- 21.8. Trendsetters
- 21.9. Product Integrity
- 21.10. Continuous Improvement in Manufacturing
- 21.11. Manufacturing Philosophies
- 21.12. Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
- 21.13. Just-in-Time (JIT) Manufacturing
- 21.14. To Summarize
- 21.15. Additional Sources of Information
- 21.16. Discussion Questions
- 21.17. User Checklist
- 21.18. Principles of Project Management
- 21.19. Project Management Situation—Challenges for the New Managers
- 21.20. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 22. Cultural Considerations in Project Management
- 22.1. Introduction
- 22.2. Defining Culture
- 22.3. The Nature of an Organizational Culture
- 22.4. The Strategic Management Linkage
- 22.5. Additional Examples of Corporate Culture
- 22.6. Cultural Features
- 22.7. The Project Culture
- 22.8. Why Change?
- 22.9. The Constancy of Change
- 22.10. Project Management Actions
- 22.11. The Trust Factor
- 22.12. Culture and Project Extensions
- 22.13. Influencing the Team’s Culture
- 22.14. Conflict
- 22.15. Code of Ethics for Project Professionals
- 22.16. To Summarize
- 22.17. Additional Sources of Information
- 22.18. Discussion Questions
- 22.19. User Checklist
- 22.20. Principles of Project Management
- 22.21. Project Management Situation—Conducting a Cultural Assessment
- 22.22. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 21. Continuous Improvement through Projects
- Part 7 New Prospects
- Chapter 23. Alternative Project Teams
- 23.1. Introduction
- 23.2. A Place in Business for Alternative Teams
- 23.3. Traditional and Nontraditional Project Teams
- 23.4. The Types of Alternative Teams
- 23.5. Alternative Teams: More about Their Roles
- 23.6. The Personal Impact of Teams
- 23.7. Role Change
- 23.8. To Summarize
- 23.9. Additional Sources of Information
- 23.10. Discussion Questions
- 23.11. User Checklist
- 23.12. Principles of Project Management
- 23.13. Project Management Situation—Positive and Negative Results
- 23.14. Student/Reader Assignment
- Chapter 23. Alternative Project Teams
- Index
-
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