The coxph function will fit the Cox proportional hazard model. The exp(coef) shows the hazard ratio. Hazard ratio 1 means no effect, >1 increased hazard, and <1 reduction in hazard. The preceding result can be exp(0.531) and will be 1.700, so the male result a 1.7 fold increase in hazard or males die 1.7 rate per unit as female. So it can be concluded that survival rate in females are better compared to male.

In the next step, we extend it by adding the age and test our hypothesis. Again by adding age in to the equation as a covariate, the results turned out to be same, as there is no difference in the survival function.