Saarinen, Eero, 318
Sales, composite functions applied to, 289–290
Scalar multiplication, of matrices, 608
Scientific notation, 25–26
converting decimals to, 26
Scott, David R., 30
Search range for an aircraft, 158, 161–162
Secant line, 242
Second component, of ordered pairs, 175
Semitones, 495
Sense, of an inequality, 146
Sequences, 716–723
arithmetic. See Arithmetic sequences
factorial notation and, 721–722
finite, 716
general term of, 719
geometric. See Geometric sequences
graphing, 717–718
infinite, 716
recursive formulas and, 719–721
summation notation and, 722–723
Series, 723–724
Set-builder notation,
Set notation,
Sets of numbers
classifying,
of real numbers, , –, –
Shareholders, 551
Sigma notation, 722–723
Sign(s)
Descartes’s Rule of Signs and, 367–368
variations of, 367–368
Sign-chart method, for solving inequalities, 151–153
Simple interest, 94–95, 430–431
Simplification
of complex fractions, 56–57
exponential expressions, 25
of expressions having rational exponents, 70–71
of rational expressions, 51–52
of square roots, 63–64
Slope, 198–200
Slope-intercept form, 202
Social Security numbers, 767, 769
Solutions
of an equation, 82, 185
of an inequality, 145
of an inequality in two variables, 558
extraneous, 132
optimal, 571
of a system of equations, 515
of a system of inequalities in two variables, 562
of a system of linear equations in three variables, number of, 530–532
Solution sets
of an inequality in two variables, 558
feasible, 571
of a system inequalities in two variables, 562–564
Sørensen, Søren, 489
Sound, loudness of, 493–495
Space junk, 729, 734–735
Special products, 34–35, 37
Square, completing, solving quadratic equations by, 109–111
Square matrices, 590
Square root(s), 61–64
of negative numbers, multiplication involving, 123
of perfect squares and their ratios, 62
principal, 61
simplifying, 63–64
Square root function, 251, 257
Square root method, for solving quadratic equations, 108
Square root property, 61, 108
Squaring, of binomial sums or differences, 35–36
Squaring function, 257
Standard form
for a complex number, 120
for equation of a circle, 191–192
of equation of a hyperbola, 691
for the equation of an ellipse, 677, 682–683
for the equation of a parabola, 663
linear equations in one variable in, 83
polynomials in, 31
for a quadratic function, 319–321
Star brightness, 497
Statins, 225–226
Steinmetz, Charles, 119
Step functions, 256
Stock market investments, 551, 554–555
Stretching graphs of functions, 269–272
Strings, 716
Substitution method
for solving systems of linear equations, 517–518
for systems of nonlinear equations, 552
Subtraction. See also Difference(s)
of complex numbers, 121
of fractions, 14
of matrices, 608–609
of polynomials, 32–33
of radical expressions, 65–66
of rational expressions, 53–56
of real numbers, 13–14
Sum(s). See also Addition
of an infinite geometric series, 746–747
binomial, squaring, 35–36
of cubes, factoring, 45–46
of a finite arithmetic sequence, 732–735
of a finite geometric sequence, 743–744
of functions, 282
of terms, product of difference of terms and, 36–38
Summation notation, 722–723, 724
Supply-side economics, 384
Sylvester, James Joseph, 607
Symmetry, 188–191
of an ellipse, 678
of even and odd functions, 239, 240
tests for, 188
Synthetic division, 355–356
Systems of equations, 514–522. See also Systems of linear equations; Systems of linear equations in three variables; Systems of linear equations in two variables; Systems of nonlinear equations
Systems of inequalities, 562–569
linear, in two variables, 562–564
nonlinear, 565–566
Systems of linear equations. See also Systems of linear equations in three variables; Systems of linear equations in two variables
matrices compared with, 593–594
matrices for solving, 590–595
solving using matrix inverses, 627–628
Systems of linear equations in three variables, 527–538
application involving, 534–535
consistent and inconsistent, 530
with dependent or independent equations, 530, 531
Gaussian elimination method and, 528–530
geometric interpretation of, 533
nonsquare, 532–533
number of solutions of, 530–532
Systems of linear equations in two variables, 514–522
applications involving, 521–522
elimination (addition) method for solving, 519–520
graphical method for solving, 515–516
substitution method for solving, 517–519
Systems of nonlinear equations, 514, 551–557
applications involving, 554–555
elimination method for solving, 553–554
substitution method for solving, 552