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by Hong Ye, Fang Lin Luo
Advanced DC/AC Inverters
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Authors
1. Introduction
1.1 Symbols and Factors Used in This Book
1.1.1 Symbols Used in Power Systems
1.1.2 Factors and Symbols Used in AC Power Systems
1.1.3 Factors and Symbols Used in DC Power Systems
1.2 FFT—Fast Fourier Transform
1.2.1 Central Symmetrical Periodical Function
1.2.2 Axial (Mirror) Symmetrical Periodical Function
1.2.3 Nonperiodic Function
1.2.4 Useful Formulae and Data
1.2.5 Examples of FFT Applications
1.3 DC/AC Inverters
1.3.1 Categorizing Existing Inverters
1.3.2 Updated Circuits
1.3.3 Soft Switching Methods
References
2. Pulse Width-Modulated DC/AC Inverters
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Parameters Used in PWM Operation
2.2.1 Modulation Ratios
2.2.1.1 Linear Range (ma ≤ 1.0)
2.2.1.2 Over Modulation (1.0 < ma ≤ 3.24)
2.2.1.3 Square Wave (Sufficiently Large ma > 3.24)
2.2.1.4 Small mf (mf < 21)
2.2.1.5 Large m (m > 21)
2.2.2 Harmonic Parameters
2.3 Typical PWM Inverters
2.3.1 Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
2.3.2 Current Source Inverter (CSI)
2.3.3 Impedance Source Inverter (z-Source Inverter—ZSI)
2.3.4 Circuits of DC/AC Inverters
References
3. Voltage Source Inverters
3.1 Single-Phase Voltage Source Inverter
3.1.1 Single-Phase Half-Bridge VSI
3.1.2 Single-Phase Full-Bridge VSI
3.2 Three-Phase Full-Bridge VSI
3.3 Vector Analysis and Determination of ma
3.3.1 Vector Analysis
3.3.2 ma Calculation
3.3.3 ma Calculation with L-C Filter
3.3.4 Some Waveforms
3.4 Multistage PWM Inverter
3.4.1 Unipolar PWM VSI
3.4.2 Multicell PWM VSI
3.4.3 Multilevel PWM Inverter
References
4. Current Source Inverters
4.1 Three-Phase Full-Bridge Current Source Inverter
4.2 Boost-Type CSI
4.2.1 Negative Polarity Input Voltage
4.2.2 Positive Polarity Input Voltage
4.3 CSI with L-C Filter
References
5. Impedance Source Inverters
5.1 Comparison with VSI and CSI
5.2 Equivalent Circuit and Operation
5.3 Circuit Analysis and Calculations
5.4 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
6. Quasi-Impedance Source Inverters
6.1 Introduction to ZSI and Basic Topologies
6.2 Extended Boost qZSI Topologies
6.2.1 Diode-Assisted Extended Boost qZSI Topologies
6.2.2 Capacitor-Assisted Extended Boost qZSI Topologies
6.2.3 Simulation Results
References
7. Soft-Switching DC/AC Inverters
7.1 Notched DC Link Inverters for Brushless DC Motor Drive
7.1.1 Resonant Circuit
7.1.2 Design Considerations
7.1.3 Control Scheme
7.1.3.1 Non-PWM Operation
7.1.3.2 PWM Operation
7.1.4 Simulation and Experimental Results
7.2 Resonant Pole Inverter
7.2.1 Topology of Resonant Pole Inverter
7.2.2 Operation Principle
7.2.3 Design Considerations
7.2.4 Simulation and Experimental Results
7.3 Transformer-Based Resonant DC Link Inverter
7.3.1 Resonant Circuit
7.3.2 Design Considerations
7.3.3 Control Scheme
7.3.3.1 Full Duty Cycle Operation
7.3.3.2 PWM Operation
7.3.4 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
8. Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverters
8.3 Capacitor-Clamped Multilevel Inverters (Flying Capacitor Inverters)
8.4 Multilevel Inverters Using H-Bridges (HBs) Converters
8.4.1 Cascaded Equal Voltage Multilevel Inverters (CEMI)
8.4.2 Binary Hybrid Multilevel Inverter (BHMI)
8.4.3 Quasi-Linear Multilevel Inverter (QLMI)
8.4.4 Trinary Hybrid Multilevel Inverter (THMI)
8.5 Other Kinds of Multilevel Inverters
8.5.1 Generalized Multilevel Inverters (GMI)
8.5.2 Mixed-Level Multilevel Inverter Topologies
8.5.3 Multilevel Inverters by Connection of Three-Phase Two-Level Inverters
References
9. Trinary Hybrid Multilevel Inverter (THMI)
9.1 Topology and Operation
9.2 Proof of Greatest Number of Output Voltage Levels
9.2.1 Theoretical Proof
9.2.2 Comparison of Various Kinds of Multilevel Inverters
9.2.3 Modulation Strategies for THMI
9.2.3.1 Step Modulation Strategy
9.2.3.2 Virtual Stage Modulation Strategy
9.2.3.3 Hybrid Modulation Strategy
9.2.3.4 Subharmonic PWM Strategies
9.2.3.5 Simple Modulation Strategy
9.2.4 Regenerative Power
9.2.4.1 Analysis of DC Bus Power Injection
9.2.4.2 Regenerative Power in THMI
9.2.4.3 Method to Avoid Regenerative Power
9.2.4.4 Summary of Regenerative Power in THMI
9.3 Experimental Results
9.3.1 Experiment to Verify Step Modulation and Virtual Stage Modulation
9.3.2 Experiment to Verify New Method to Eliminate Regenerative Power
9.4 Trinary Hybrid 81-Level Multilevel Inverter
9.4.1 Space Vector Modulation
9.4.2 DC Sources of H-Bridges
9.4.3 Motor Controller
9.4.4 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
10. Laddered Multilevel DC/AC Inverters Used in Solar Panel Energy Systems
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Progressions (Series)
10.2.1 Arithmetic Progressions
10.2.1.1 Unit Progression
10.2.1.2 Natural Number Progression
10.2.1.3 Odd Number Progression
10.2.2 Geometric Progressions
10.2.2.1 Binary Progression
10.2.2.2 Trinary Number Progression
10.2.3 New Progressions
10.2.3.1 Luo Progression
10.2.3.2 Ye Progression
10.3 Laddered Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
10.3.1 Special Switches
10.3.1.1 Toggle Switch
10.3.1.2 Change-over Switch
10.3.1.3 Band Switch
10.3.2 General Circuit of Laddered Inverters
10.3.3 Linear Laddered Inverters (LLIs)
10.3.4 Natural Number Laddered Inverters (NNLIs)
10.3.5 Odd Number Laddered Inverters (ONLIs)
10.3.6 Binary Laddered Inverters (BLIs)
10.3.7 Modified Binary Laddered Inverters (MBLIs)
10.3.8 Luo Progression Laddered Inverters (LPLIs)
10.3.9 Ye Progression Laddered Inverters (YPLIs)
10.3.10 Trinary Laddered Inverters (TLIs)
10.4 Comparison of All Laddered Inverters
10.5 Solar Panel Energy Systems
10.6 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
11. Super-Lift Converter Multilevel DC/AC Inverters Used in Solar Panel Energy Systems
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Super-Lift Converter Used in Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
11.2.1 Seven-Level SL Inverter
11.2.2 Fifteen-Level SL Inverter
11.2.3 Twenty-One-Level SC Inverter
11.3 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
12. Switched-Capacitor Multilevel DC/AC Inverters in Solar Panel Energy Systems
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Switched Capacitor Used in Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
12.2.1 Five-Level SC Inverter
12.2.2 Nine-Level SC Inverter
12.2.3 Fifteen-Level SC Inverter
12.2.4 Higher-Level SC Inverter
12.3 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
13. Switched Inductor Multilevel DC/AC Inverters Used in Solar Panel Energy Systems
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Switched Inductor Used in Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
13.2.1 Five-Level SI Inverter
13.2.2 Nine-Level SL Inverter
13.2.3 Fifteen-Level SC Inverter
13.3 Simulation and Experimental Results
References
14. Best Switching Angles to Obtain Lowest THD for Multilevel DC/AC Inverters
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Methods for Determination of Switching Angle
14.2.1 Main Switching Angles
14.2.2 Equal-Phase (EP) Method
14.2.3 Half-Equal-Phase (HEP) Method
14.2.4 Half-Height (HH) Method
14.2.5 Feed-Forward (FF) Method
14.2.6 Comparison of Methods in Each Level
14.2.7 Comparison of Levels for Each Method
14.2.8 THDs of Different Methods
14.3 Best Switching Angles
14.3.1 Using MATLAB® to Obtain Best Switching Angles
14.3.2 Analysis of Results of Best Switching Angles Calculation
14.3.3 Output Voltage Waveform for Multilevel Inverters
References
15. Design Examples for Wind Turbine and Solar Panel Energy Systems
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Wind Turbine Energy Systems
15.2.1 Technical Features
15.2.2 Design Example for Wind Turbine Power System
15.2.2.1 Design Example for Wind Turbine
15.2.2.2 Design Example for Converters
15.2.2.3 Simulation Results
15.3 Solar Panel Energy Systems
15.3.1 Technical Features
15.3.2 P/O Super-Lift Luo Converter
15.3.3 Closed-Loop Control
15.3.4 PWM Inverter
15.3.5 System Design
15.3.6 Simulation Results
References
Index
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ADVANCED DC/AC INVERTERS
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ADVANCED
DC/AC
INVERTERS
APPLICATIONS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
Fang Lin Luo
Hong Ye
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