Abbreviations
| AC | Alternating current |
| APU | Auxiliary power unit |
| AR | Autoregressive model |
| ARMAX | Autoregressive moving average exogenous model |
| ARX | Autoregressive exogenous model |
| BEV | Battery-powered electric vehicle |
| BJT | Bipolar junction transistor |
| BLDC | Brushless DC |
| CD | Charging depleting |
| CO | Carbon monoxide |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| CS | Charging sustaining |
| CVT | Continuously variable transmission |
| DC | Direct current |
| DCR | Driving cycle recognition |
| DoD | Depth of discharge |
| DOE | Department of Energy; also design of experiment |
| DOHC | Dual overhead cam engine |
| DP | Dynamic programming |
| DSR | Driving style recognition |
| ECE | Emission certificate Europe |
| ECU | Electronic/engine control unit |
| e-CVT | Electronic continuously variable transmission |
| EDLC | Electrochemical double-layer capacitor |
| EKF | Extended Kalman filter |
| EMF | Electromagnetic force |
| EMI | Electromagnetic interference |
| EREV | Electric range extended hybrid vehicle |
| ESS | Energy storage system |
| EUDC | Extra urban driving cycle |
| EV | Electric vehicle |
| EVT | Electrical variable transmission |
| FC | Fuel cell |
| FET | Field effect transistor |
| FTP | Federal test procedure |
| Genset | Engine–generator pair set |
| GM | General Motors |
| HC | Hydrocarbons |
| HEV | Hybrid electric vehicle |
| HPPC | Hybrid pulse power characterization test |
| ICE | Internal combustion engine |
| IGBT | Insulated gate bipolar transistor |
| Li-ion | Lithium ion |
| LQC | Linear quadratic control |
| MIMO | Multi-input multi-output system |
| MOSFET | Metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor |
| MPC | Model predictive control |
| MRAC | Model reference adaptive control |
| NiCd | Nickel–cadmium battery |
| NiMH | Nickel–metal hydride battery |
| NiOx | Nickel oxyhydroxide |
| NOx | Nitrous oxide |
| OCV | Open-circuit voltage |
| OP | Operating point |
| OVPU | Over voltage protection unit |
| PEMFC | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| PFC | Power factor correction |
| PHEV | Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle |
| PID | Proportional integral derivative controller |
| PNGV | Partnership for a new generation of vehicles |
| PST | Power split transmission |
| PWM | Pulse width modulation |
| RMS | Root mean square |
| RPM | Revolution per minute |
| RWR | Roadway recognition |
| SEI | Solid–electrolyte interface |
| SFTP | Supplemental federal test procedure |
| SG | Specific gravity |
| SI | Spark ignition |
| SISO | Single-input–single-output system |
| SOC | State of charge |
| SOFC | Solid-oxide fuel cell |
| SOH | State of health |
| SOHC | Single overhead cam engine |
| SOL | State of life |
| SP | Singular pencil model |
| TRC | Transient response characteristic |
| UDDS | Urban dynamometer driving schedule |
| USABC | U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium |
| VITM | Voltage, current, and temperature measurement unit |
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