APPENDIX A
PESTLe Table of External Factors
Element |
Topic |
Political |
- Tax policy
- Royalty rates
- Government stability
- Bureaucracy
- Level of corruption
- Social policies (social welfare)
- Trade regulations and tariffs
- Import restrictions
- Industry regulation/deregulation
- Infrastructure investment
- Investment in education and skills development
- Involvement in healthcare
- Road safety and driving regulations
- Competition regulations
|
Economic |
- Growth rates (GDP)
- Inflation rate
- Currency and exchange rates
- Interest rates
- Availability of financing
- Cost of insurance
- Socially responsible investing
- Availability of green bonds
- Alternative financing options
- Unemployment trends
- Commodity prices and price fluctuations
- Availability of skilled labor
- Cost of labor
- Trade flows and patterns
- Trade unions and agreements
- Industry associations and clusters
|
Social |
- Population demographics (i.e. aging population)
- Population growth rate
- Immigration and emigration rates
- Age distribution and life expectancy rates
- Sex distribution
- Family size and structure
- Indigenous peoples
- Perception and acceptance of diversity and LGBTQ rights
- Distribution of wealth
- Average income level
- Social classes
- Changes in lifestyles and trends
- Attitudes towards mental health
- Education and skills
- Unemployment rates
- Employment standards (child labor)
- Health and healthcare availability
|
|
- Attitudes toward work, leisure, career, and retirement
- Perception of safety
- Religion and beliefs
- Attitudes toward environmental protection
- Support for renewable energy
- Strength of social institutions
|
Technical |
- Level of basic infrastructure
- Spending on research and development
- Innovation and technology incentives
- Automation and the Industrial Internet of Things (IoT)
- Electrification, renewable energy, and energy storage
- Electric and autonomous vehicles
- Communication infrastructure
- Internet connectivity and social media in the local community
- Environmental monitoring (satellites for methane and carbon dioxide emissions)
- Project design and delivery software tools
- Legislation regarding technology
- Traditional and local knowledge
|
Legal |
- Regulatory approvals
- Permits (environmental, building, etc.)
- Employment regulations
- Discrimination and harassment law
- Competition regulations
- Health and safety regulations
- Antitrust laws
- Intellectual property (copyrights and patents)
- Discrimination law
- Data privacy and protection
- Environmental law
- Antitrust law
- Potential for lawsuits
|
Environmental |
- Weather
- Climate change
- Pandemics and disease
- Natural disasters
- Air and water emissions
- Toxic chemicals and heavy metals
- Recycling
- Waste management
- Attitudes toward “green” or ecological products
- Endangered species
- Invasive species
- Animal interactions
- Fresh water
- Ecosystem services
- Agriculture
- Traditional land and water use (hunting, fishing, gathering, herding)
- Noise pollution
- Light pollution
- Closure and reclamation expectations
|
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