Fig. 15.15 shows the number of commercial, demonstration, and pilot biomass gasification plants which are currently in operation worldwide (updated data from Thermal Gasification Facilities Database—IEA Task 33 (IEA, a)). Most of the existing commercial plants on biomass gasification are dedicated to the production of power or combined heat and power (CHP) and are located in Europe. On the contrary, nearly all the facilities currently producing biofuels from biomass gasification at a commercial level are located in US and Canada. American Process, Enerkem Corporation, Range Fuels, CORE BioFuel, and Abengoa operate facilities which produce ethanol from woody biomass and MSW. In the case of demonstration and pilot plants, the ratio of facilities producing biofuels to those producing CHP increases significantly, with more facilities dedicated to the production of biofuels from high-quality syngas. This trend shows the increasing interest of research and development in the synthesis of biofuels and chemicals from biomass gasification. Similar to the commercial plants, all the demonstration and pilot facilities operating in US and Canada are producing biofuels. The balance between projects dedicated to CHP and biofuels in Europe is in line with the strategy of the region for maintaining its leadership on the development of state-of-the-art technology for CHP generation, and the increasing investment on R&D for the production of second-generation biofuels via gasification of lignocellulose biomass.