CHAPTER 3

CQ DRIVE

Cross-cultural training is usually the de-facto response for dealing with the challenges of multicultural work. As valuable as it can be to learn about cultural issues, it’s ineffective without ample drive and motivation to pursue the hard work of cross-cultural effectiveness. CQ Drive asks the question: Do you have the confidence and motivation to work through the challenges and conflict that inevitably accompany cross-cultural situations? This is one of the most significant yet overlooked ingredients to successful work cross-culturally.

WHAT’S CQ DRIVE GOT TO DO WITH IT?

CQ Drive is your interest and confidence in functioning effectively in culturally diverse settings. This often gets overlooked when dealing with issues like cultural diversity and international travel. The tendency is to immediately jump in with training (CQ Knowledge) to help people deal with cultural differences. But without the ample drive to take on the challenges that inevitably accompany multicultural situations, you’re likely to experience a high rate of failure and frustration through training alone.

There are several indicators of Robert’s CQ Drive in just this brief snapshot, from his reluctance to travel back home to the south side of Chicago to his interactions with his daughter and his assumptions about what would make a good administrative assistant. We’ll refer back to issues like these as we walk through the strategies for enhancing our motivation for cross-cultural effectiveness.

Again, CQ Drive asks the question: Do you have the confidence and drive to work through the challenges and conflict that inevitably accompany cross-cultural situations? The ability to be personally engaged and persevere through cross-cultural challenges is one of the most novel and important aspects of cultural intelligence. Study-abroad students are often more interested in the adventure of a semester overseas, hitting the pubs, and fulfilling their academic requirements than they are in interacting with the local culture. Employees often approach diversity training apathetically, and do it just because it’s required. Personnel headed to international assignments are often more concerned about moving and adjusting their families overseas than they are about developing cultural understanding.

High CQ Drive stems from an intrinsic interest in a different culture and a confidence to be able to relate effectively and naturally in that culture. The Hungarian culture probably doesn’t seem nearly as foreign to Sarah as it does to her American friends because of her mom’s German roots. Individuals with high CQ Drive are motivated to learn and adapt to new and diverse cultural settings. Their confidence in their adaptive abilities is likely to influence the way they act in multicultural situations.

If you have high CQ Drive, you might become easily frustrated with others who don’t share your cross-cultural curiosities and interests. You tell them about an overseas adventure or about a new ethnic restaurant you discovered and they give you a blank stare. Keep in mind that not everyone is equally energized by all things cross-cultural—and that’s okay.

ASSESSING YOUR CQ DRIVE

How is your CQ Drive? Are you motivated to discover new cultures and confident you can engage effectively when you work and relate cross-culturally? Based on the feedback report that accompanies the online CQ Self-Assessment, what overall CQ Drive score did you receive?*

From what you’re learning about CQ Drive in this chapter, are you surprised by the results? Keep in mind that the self-assessment is just one snapshot of your view of your CQ capabilities at a particular point in time. But it’s worth considering the results, given the high level of reliability found in the assessment as it is used among individuals around the world.

In order to dig more deeply into your CQ Drive, the CQ Self-Assessment also helps you assess your motivation for multicultural situations in three specific areas of CQ Drive (intrinsic, extrinsic, and self-efficacy). There has been extensive research examining the way these various bases of motivation influence your overall drive and perseverance through the hard work of multicultural interactions.¹ Write your scores for each of the following and note the descriptions of these sub-dimensions.

These three sub-dimensions of CQ Drive—intrinsic, extrinsic, and self-efficacy—are the scientific bases for the strategies that follow. You’ll see these sub-dimensions alongside the list of strategies at the beginning of the next section. Not every strategy fits perfectly with a single sub-dimension, but the strategies have been organized according to the sub-dimension with which they are most closely associated. Use your scores from the sub-dimensions of CQ Drive to help you pinpoint which strategies to use first (presumably, the strategies that go with the sub-dimension where you scored lowest).

 

IMPROVING YOUR CQ DRIVE

The following section is a list of strategies to help you improve your CQ Drive. All these strategies are anchored in science and research on motivation for multicultural situations and stem from the three sub-dimensions of CQ Drive (intrinsic, extrinsic, and self-efficacy). The point is not for you to use all these strategies right now. There are many paths to increasing CQ Drive. Start with a couple that interest you.

 

1.   FACE YOUR BIASES

To what cultures are you naturally drawn? Which ones make you uncomfortable? It might sound noble to say we view everyone the same, but it’s just not true. Whenever we meet someone, we subconsciously categorize them as a “friend” or a “foe.” It does little good to deny this. Honestly explore what subcultures really push your hot buttons, set up your defenses, or just make you uncomfortable. An important strategy for enhancing CQ Drive is admitting the implicit prejudices and biases we have toward certain groups of people and working to overcome them.²

From the moment we’re born, we’re taught to see the world in a certain way. Most of this socialization process occurs subconsciously. Our parents teach us what’s “normal” and what’s “weird.” We’re quickly given a sense of right versus wrong and success versus failure. Our childhood networks expand to include extended family, neighbors, and school friends and our view of the world is developed further. But usually these individuals further reinforce what we’ve been learning at home. We’re taught good and bad manners, what it means to be a man or woman, and how to get ahead in life. Then we watch for cues about how to act and the consequences for those who don’t conform. As we continue through high school and go on to college or the working world, we continue to learn what’s cool, important, and right.

Most of us feel the greatest trust and warmth when we’re with people like us; we feel uncomfortable and suspicious of people who are different. Even so-called “alternative” groups usually conform to the agendas and styles of other alternatives in their subculture. There’s something secure and stabilizing about being with people who view the world like us. Laughing together about things we find funny, ranting together about things that tick us off, and sharing an appreciation for some of the same food, art, and perspectives on the world can be the ingredients for building serendipitous memories together. But it also can further reinforce our biases about people who view the world differently.

We all have implicit biases. The key is whether we act on them. One way to explore your biases is through some tests developed at Harvard called implicit association tests. These tests expose the implicit biases we have toward people’s skin color, weight, age, and religion. They’re fascinating! You can find them at https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/. The tests reveal automatic impulses we have toward certain cultural groups. The goal is to be honest about our biases instead of pretending they don’t exist. While our internal biases are automatic, honestly understanding them can help control and moderate our interactions. We can make a deliberate choice to suspend the judgment we’re biased to make. Anytime you meet someone new, make an effort to connect with them on a human level as early as possible rather than just seeing them in light of their cultural context (e.g., she’s a parent like me; or he is looking for a way to do something significant in his life like I am).

Think back to the opening scene with Robert and Sana. It would be helpful for Robert to stop and acknowledge his implicit bias about the kinds of jobs men should have and what it means to work closely with people from different faiths. There’s also something underlying his resistance to make trips back home to the south side of Chicago. No matter how busy we are, we make time to see the people who are really important to us. The first step for Robert is to acknowledge his biases, which in and of itself can weaken their ability to determine his behavior.

Biases are inevitable. Acting on them isn’t. Spend time learning what implicit prejudices you have. Notice how they influence your thoughts and behaviors. The next time you encounter someone from a culture against whom you have some implicit bias, make a deliberate choice to see the person beyond your prejudiced stereotype.

 

2.   CONNECT WITH EXISTING INTERESTS

Think of a hobby that naturally energizes you. It can be anything—cooking, exercise, fashion, photography, music—you name it. Now think of a way to connect that interest to a cross-cultural context. Most of our interests exist in some form among a variety of cultures. This strategy takes an area where you’re naturally motivated and draws from that motivation to increase your CQ Drive. Connect an existing interest to a cross-cultural situation or assignment.³

If you like art, what artistic expressions can you discover in a different cultural context? If you love sports, discover what sports are hot there and find a way to attend a sporting event. If you’re a foodie, the options are endless. If you eat, drink, and sleep business, use the cross-cultural endeavor as a way to learn new business insights.

I love to run. And one of the first things I do when I get to a new place is look for where I can go for a run. Not only does it help me deal with jet lag, but I get to take in the sights and sounds of a different terrain. I have a different set of physical challenges when I’m running in the desert-like climate of Dubai than when I’m running through the humidity of Bangkok. Running in the city is different from running along a mountainous trail in the Alps. All of these connect one of my existing interests to places I travel. It’s something I look forward to when traveling to a new place.

We have to be careful not to exploit different cultures and people simply to pursue our selfish interests. But as we factor in the other priorities of cultural intelligence, our natural interests can provide powerful connections for increasing our CQ Drive.

 

3.   SCARE YOURSELF

There’s a reason why so many politicians and marketers use fear to motivate us. Brain researchers say one of the built-in preoccupations of all humans is to minimize danger to ourselves and those we love. When you’re scared, you pay attention. It makes you highly alert. Fear causes a deep and immediate alertness. Think about what happens when you’re driving sleepy along a highway. If you suddenly veer onto the rumble strips on the side of the road, you immediately wake up. A similar kind of alertness happens for many people who fear public speaking. Our brains produce higher levels of adrenaline when we’re afraid.⁴

Despite the popularity of fear tactics among many politicians, news pundits, and religious leaders, I’m not a big fan of using fear to motivate people. In fact, I don’t like it at all unless there’s a very genuine danger. But given that our safety—be it physical, psychological, vocational, or otherwise—is such a high value for us, we can find ways to use this intrinsic power of fear to our advantage when working to enhance our CQ Drive.⁵

Fortunately, you don’t have to be in real danger to experience the adrenaline rush that comes from fear. Think about how your heart starts racing when you’re watching a movie and an attack is about to happen. Watching a villain sneak up on an unsuspecting victim gets your heart racing. Fear makes you alert even if it’s not based on reality. One way you can use fear to develop your CQ Drive is by visualizing the cost of not becoming more culturally intelligent. Low CQ will make you look ignorant, clueless, and self-absorbed. Worse yet, cultural ignorance can cost you your job, rob you of great opportunities, or even put your life at risk.

One time a group of Liberian educators told me about an American construction team that came to Liberia to build a school. The Liberians were extremely grateful for the team’s interest and investment in helping them rebuild their country after so many years of civil war. But as the American men began to build the school, the Liberians gently suggested there would be a better kind of roof for the school that would not only be less expensive but also better able to handle the tropical weather in the region. The builders scoffed at the “ignorant,” unsolicited input from the Liberians and quickly let them know they’ve done this kind of work all over the world and this would definitely be the best way to build the school roof. Three months later, a monsoon came through, the roof came crashing down and killed some of the children inside and injured many more. Taking time to listen and heed the insights of people from different cultural backgrounds is about more than just interacting with respect and dignity. It may be a matter of life and death—yours or someone else’s.

You can use the power of fear to enhance your CQ Drive. Visualize the potential career implications of cultural ignorance. Growing numbers of organizations are assessing what it costs them when employees are ineffective cross-culturally. Some of the questions they ask include the following:

•   Which senior-level leaders have had to deal with the fallout from an unsuccessful cross-cultural venture? What’s their pay? Try putting an hourly rate on their time and calculate the cost.

•   What other staff had to get involved in this failure? How much did their time on this cost?

•   What opportunities were missed because of all the energy diverted toward this issue?

Imagine being viewed as a liability when it comes to your employer’s interests in cross-cultural markets. Use this fear to increase your motivation to do cross-cultural work well. Make yourself indispensable.

Sarah’s roommate in Budapest feels safer when she thinks about going to T.G.I. Friday’s because it’s familiar. She assumes the staff will speak English, and that gives her a sense of safety. But going to an unfamiliar place with a group of friends might seem less threatening than venturing out all by herself. Perhaps her fear could motivate her to seek out some Hungarian students who could join them. Not only would she have someone along who “knew the ropes” and could speak the language, but this would also allow the American students the chance to begin interacting with locals rather than just observing them from afar. And interacting with and learning from the locals in Hungary might have as much or more to do with getting a good job when they graduate than the classes they’ll attend while they’re in Budapest. Think about what seems most threatening for you, and look for ways to orient those fears toward becoming more culturally intelligent.

 

4.   VISUALIZE SUCCESS

I’m an eternal optimist, so I’m a much bigger fan of motivating ourselves and others with the possibility of opportunity and success rather than with fear. Instead of visualizing the failure that can occur if you don’t become more culturally intelligent, imagine the possibilities if you do.

Think of a time when you were successful interacting with someone from a different cultural background. What can you learn from that experience? As simplistic as it might sound, just “imagining” your cross-cultural success and the corresponding benefits can powerfully influence your CQ drive. Many of the situations that are most difficult for you don’t come up as often as it might seem. Picture the kind of cross-cultural situation that’s most difficult for you. For example, imagine trying to negotiate pricing with a prospective client who offers you virtually no feedback. Then imagine how it could go in a way that would make you feel successful. Walk through it in your head as an imaginary scenario. Scientists have found that anticipating a positive outcome, anything the brain perceives as a forthcoming reward, actually generates energy.⁶

Make a list of the tangible benefits you can obtain by improving your CQ. We looked at several benefits that come from heightened CQ in Chapter 1 (cross-cultural adjustment, job performance, personal satisfaction, and profitability). Review these often. Visualize being your organization’s best decision maker, negotiator, and networker. These are realistic prospects with increased CQ, and bearing this in mind can be a powerful source of motivation.

By improving your CQ and hence the effectiveness of your multicultural capabilities, you increase the probability of:

•   Landing your dream job

•   Gaining a competitive edge as an innovator

•   Developing friendships with new and diverse people

•   Becoming a leading activist for a cause that’s important to you

•   Broadening and deepening your faith

•   Earning more money to support what matters to you most

Just as we used the fear of what can come about as a result of cultural ignorance, visualize the success that awaits you with increased CQ. Even if you aren’t naturally interested in all things cross-cultural, think about how pursuing the hard work of culturally intelligent engagement increases your likelihood of succeeding at something that is really important to you. You may quickly find yourself gaining an appetite for prioritizing CQ as a way to enjoy some of the opportunities awaiting you.

 

5.   REWARD YOURSELF

Whether it’s an exercise regime, breaking an addiction, or saving money, psychologists continually examine the power of rewards to modify our behavior. We use this with kids all the time. We get them to do something by promising a prize or reward. This is another strategy we can use to enhance our CQ Drive.⁷

To benefit from this strategy, first you need to set some goals for increasing your cultural intelligence. Goals orient the brain to move toward a particular end. Be sure the goals are realistic; otherwise, they can decrease your CQ Drive. Don’t come up with too many.⁸

Now create some rewards for reaching your goals. Without any rewards, you’ll be tempted to abandon the perseverance needed to improve your CQ. Don’t just reward yourself for big accomplishments; reward small steps as well. If your goal is to learn five phrases in a different language, then reward yourself as soon as you can recall each one.

It’s ideal if the reward somewhat correlates to the goal itself (e.g., learning Spanish and then going out for a Mexican meal where you order in Spanish). But even if the reward isn’t directly related to the goal, rewarding yourself for reaching goals is a strong way to increase your motivation. Give yourself something that will reinforce the behavior for the next time. Rewards can be as simple as watching your favorite TV show, buying your favorite food, or even just taking a few minutes to sit back and veg out. It needs to be something you wouldn’t have otherwise done or you aren’t training yourself for this particular behavior.

The most important time to reward yourself is immediately after doing the particular task you set out to do. Associating good feelings with the practice and application of the skill will bring your entire mind into the learning process required for enhanced CQ. You can experiment with different rewards to see what works best for you.

Eventually something deeper, intrinsic, and more transcendent needs to drive us. In fact, cultural intelligence cannot exist apart from true love for the world and for people.⁹ At the very core of cultural intelligence is the desire to learn with and about other people. So our drive will need to go beyond the rewards we give ourselves. But as we fit into things larger than us, join them, and serve them, rewarding ourselves along the way can be a helpful way to help us persevere.

 

6.   RECHARGE YOUR BATTERIES

Cross-cultural interaction and work is fatiguing. Even people with high CQ are more quickly drained by working and relating cross-culturally than when doing so in familiar contexts. It’s likely that it’s going to require more energy for Robert to interview Sana than for him to interview someone more similar to himself. There’s a heightened level of energy and focus required to keep up with cross-cultural demands and challenges. When you’re in the midst of cross-cultural situations, find ways to recharge your batteries. Otherwise, if you associate your cross-cultural interactions and work with exhaustion and fatigue, your CQ Drive will suffer. Our bodies and psyche are wired for health and replenishment.

There are lots of resources available to help us recharge our batteries amidst our frenzied lives, many of which can help us enhance our CQ Drive. Your physical and mental well-being are directly connected to your CQ Drive. Perhaps the best thing you can do to enhance your CQ Drive is to take a nap. Sleep, exercise, and healthy eating are one of the ways to increase your energy level. Go for a good run, drink some coffee (or your preferred beverage), and leave some margin for recreation. Play a round of golf or spend time with your partner or a friend. For some of us, an unscheduled day at home is the best way to recharge, while others of us will be energized by a hard workout and a busy day with friends. Taking time to care for your physical and mental health has implications on so many fronts, one of which is your ability to be effective and resilient cross-culturally.

The importance of your health and stamina to your CQ Drive is greatest when your cross-cultural activity involves international travel. The hard work of cross-cultural interaction becomes compounded when we’re dealing with jet lag and being away from home. Dealing with jet leg is more an art than a science. You can find lots of recommended techniques online such as setting your watch to the time at your destination as soon as you board the plane; not taking afternoon naps; getting a lot of sunshine; exercising first thing in the morning, and so on. You’ll learn what works best for you. Don’t shrug off the importance of your physical stamina to how you work and relate cross-culturally. Your CQ Drive is affected by your physical and mental energy.

I’m a strong advocate for eating local food when traveling and in immersing myself in whatever culture I encounter. But when traveling for several days in an unfamiliar place, there’s something to be said for eating something that’s more familiar for an occasional meal. If you typically eat Indian food, grabbing a curried meal somewhere can help you recharge before going back to just eating the local fare. If you’re a Starbucks addict, a quick fix can give you just the recharge you need.

Another way to recharge your batteries is to deliberately disconnect from your tech gadgets. The “always-connected” capability afforded us through smart phones is wearing us out and may actually be making us dumber. One University of London study found that individuals who are constantly connected via e-mail, texting, and social networking sites experienced a ten-point drop in their IQ. In fact, researchers found that constantly being “on” via technology has a similar effect to regularly giving up one night of sleep. The problem isn’t using technology. That’s a no-brainer for most of us in today’s world. The problem is what it does to our mental health when we never unplug from the distractions of technological connectivity.¹⁰

Choose specific times to connect technologically and then shut it off so your brain can focus more deeply. This will have implications that go far beyond CQ Drive, but it’s one of the simple strategies you can employ that will allow you to channel the increased energy that ensues toward your cross-cultural work.

Before we’re too quick to criticize Robert for reading his e-mail while talking to his daughter overseas, how many of us do the same thing all the time? And for those of us who pride ourselves on being able to multitask, research demonstrates we can’t really focus deeply on multiple things at the same time, no matter who you are. Robert can’t really engage with his daughter and her cross-cultural issues with her friends while also tending to his e-mail.

Things as simple as taking a brisk walk, closing your e-mail program, and getting a full night of sleep can increase your CQ Drive. Maybe you need to close this book and go take a nap.

 

7.   MAINTAIN CONTROL

Most cross-cultural training emphasizes the importance of flexibility and going with the flow. I wholeheartedly agree with the importance of flexibility. But sometimes we take this ideal too far and presume it means we shouldn’t plan or try to control anything that happens in a cross-cultural situation. Sometimes we use “flexibility” as an excuse for laziness and lack of planning. CQ Drive is enhanced when we have a sense of autonomy, which is directly connected to the level of control we feel over our circumstances.¹¹

Evidence indicates all humans and animals are threatened by a loss of control. Amy Arnsten, a neurobiologist at Yale University, studies the effects of feeling in control upon how we function. The brain actually functions less efficiently when we believe we’re out of control. In contrast, even an illusion of control helps the brain perform more optimally. The perception of being in control is a major driver of behavior.¹²

Stress is most damaging when it results from something unexpected and when we feel like there’s no way we can stop it. We feel out of control when we lose a job or, worse yet, a loved one and as a result, the stress can be debilitating. However, when stress is self-induced, such as the stress from a new exercise regime or from pursuing a graduate degree, the stress can actually be a motivator because it’s something we chose to inflict upon ourselves.

We see the way gaining control motivates people who leave the stability of a job to start their own businesses. Many individuals do so because they’re sick of the crazy demands placed on them by employers. Yet these entrepreneurs usually work more hours, for less money, than they ever did working for someone else. But as business owners, they’re able to make their own choices and, as a result, they have a higher degree of motivation. In contrast, when you feel like you have less control—for example, because you’re on an international trip where you’re entirely dependent on a host to get you around and communicate—it often feels threatening.¹³ Start slowly. Take a walk by yourself. Go to the store and buy a newspaper on your own. Then try public transportation on your own. These kinds of baby steps enhance your sense of control, which, in turn, increases your CQ Drive.

If we’ve learned anything about cross-cultural relationships and experiences, it’s that they’re highly unpredictable. But many things aren’t as unpredictable as we might think. We can feel a greater sense of control, agency, and therefore CQ Drive by simply taking time to maintain control of our priorities while traveling. This requires a little planning ahead. If you like to run, figure out how, where, and when to work that into your schedule. If it’s important to stay in touch with family or friends, a little homework can help you figure out how to make that happen in most places where you go without spending $3/minute to call home.

The need for control is especially true for those of us who come from highly individualistic cultures (i.e., most “Western” cultures) where we’re used to shaping our own destiny. When you find ways to make choices, your stress is reduced. If all you can do is choose your response to an event, that kind of control is still useful. When traveling, learn how to cope for yourself so that you aren’t entirely dependent on someone else. When managing and guiding others, find ways to give them choices, such as when and where to eat and how to develop a negotiation strategy. Increase your sense of control over cross-cultural situations and you’ll enhance your CQ Drive.

 

8.   TRAVEL

As you can probably guess, frequent cross-cultural experiences are a good way to enhance your CQ Drive. Multiple experiences traveling and interacting cross-culturally create an enhanced sense of familiarity, comfort, and confidence for you in future intercultural interactions.¹⁴ Gaining direct experience working, volunteering, or studying in cross-cultural situations, watching others who do it successfully, and learning “on the job” are some of the most important ways to gain confidence to do it more.

Cross-cultural experience by itself does not ensure cultural intelligence. Just because you do something a lot doesn’t necessarily mean you learn from it. But when experience and frequent travel are combined with the capabilities and priorities of cultural intelligence, it plays a significant role in enhancing our CQ Drive—particularly our confidence. Individuals with multiple experiences in different places experience more of the benefits of travel to CQ Drive than those who have only been in one or two places, even if for a long time. That’s because multiple experiences in varied locations force you to keep adapting and recalibrating how you relate and work, and the more experience you have doing so, the greater your sense of confidence.

In addition, the more countries where you’ve lived for more than a year, the more positive connection there is between your cross-cultural experience and cultural intelligence.¹⁵ Childhood experiences play less of a role in developing CQ if children simply accompany their parents, though surely this provides a wonderful opportunity to begin learning about the world at a young age. But as adolescents and adults make their own choices about cross-cultural travel, work, and interaction, the travel is more likely to lead to increased CQ.¹⁶ Similar kinds of confidence-building can occur through multicultural experiences done domestically.

There are many fun, safe, and relatively inexpensive places where you can vacation or study without spending a ton of money. Scope out the local haunts, walk the streets, shop the local markets, and take in as much of the culture as you can without being a nuisance. Volunteer with a nonprofit organization doing relief work. Do a Spanish immersion program in Quito or a Mandarin immersion in Kunming. Accept work assignments that put you in contact with people from different cultural backgrounds. All these experiences contribute to increasing your CQ Drive, which will further your effectiveness in future cross-cultural experiences.¹⁷

Robert’s daughter Sarah has traveled with her family to visit her relatives in Germany. That experience gives her more confidence to strike out and go to a local restaurant in Budapest without help from a local. She needs to realize that her friends haven’t had as many opportunities to do this and look for ways to help them use their time in Budapest to make future cross-cultural experiences easier.

Robert needs to explore his implicit biases regarding gender roles and religious differences. Instead of seeing a colleague’s differences as a threat, he should consider the benefits to him personally and to the company. If the company is going to effectively expand into more diverse markets, it needs the input of people like Sana, the woman Robert is interviewing. Robert could be much better prepared for a meeting with Middle Eastern executives if he had a colleague like Sana. A culturally diverse workforce enhances an organization’s ability to meet the opportunities and demands of our globalized world.

As we more closely encounter Sana, we’ll see ways that her CQ Drive influences her behavior as well. She recently moved away from her family network that existed in Detroit, where she and her husband lived previously. Although Indianapolis is only a few hours away, it’s a very different subculture from Detroit. Her need to find a job can be as powerful a motivation as anything to help her increase her CQ Drive.

Robert’s daughter Sarah should be aware that she has a different level of confidence cross-culturally than many of her peers. Rather than becoming frustrated or lording her experience in Europe over them, she can help them increase their CQ Drive by alleviating some of their fear of the unknown and help them see the benefits of encountering the local culture in Budapest.

 

INCREASING YOUR CQ DRIVE

Many of these motivational strategies apply to many aspects of our lives. Think about which ones to enlist to enhance your motivation and confidence for cross-cultural situations.

Identify two strategies you can begin using to enhance your CQ Drive.

Which one will you use first? When?