In this section, we will cover the tools surrounding the discrete Fourier and all its statements. A discrete Fourier transform transforms any signal from its time/space domain into a related signal in frequency domain. This allows us not only to analyze the different frequencies of the data, but also enables faster filtering operations, when used properly. It is possible to turn a signal in a frequency domain back to its time/spatial domain, thanks to the inverse Fourier transform (IFT). We will not go into the details of the mathematics behind these operators, since we assume familiarity at some level with this theory. We will focus on syntax and applications instead.