Table of Contents

Copyright

Brief Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

About This Book

About the Cover Illustration

1. LBS, the big picture

Chapter 1. Location-based services: an overview

1.1. What are location-based services?

1.1.1. Key components of an LBS

1.2. Today’s commercial and consumer LBSs

1.2.1. GPS in the transportation industry

1.2.2. GPS compared to RFID

1.2.3. Emergency response services

1.2.4. Service locator applications

1.2.5. Social networking applications

1.3. Challenges of developing mobile LBSs

1.3.1. Cost of access

1.3.2. Handset manufacturers and operators

1.3.3. Privacy legislation and public perception

1.4. Future opportunities of LBS

1.4.1. The contextual Holy Grail

1.5. Summary

Chapter 2. Positioning technologies

2.1. What are positioning technologies?

2.1.1. Cell tower triangulation

2.1.2. Satellite navigation GPS

2.1.3. Standard GPS

2.1.4. Assisted GPS

2.1.5. Bluetooth or standalone GPS

2.2. Cell ID

2.2.1. Cell ID databases

2.3. Wireless positioning systems

2.3.1. Wi-Fi hotspot detection

2.4. New positioning methods

2.4.1. Hybrid positioning

2.4.2. P-Cell technology

2.4.3. IMU technology

2.4.4. Push versus pull mechanisms

2.5. Summary

Chapter 3. Mapping

3.1. Mapping APIs

3.2. Comparison of mapping APIs

3.2.1. MapQuest

3.2.2. Google Maps

3.2.3. Bing Maps

3.2.4. Yahoo! Maps

3.2.5. CloudMade

3.2.6. Mapstraction

3.2.7. A word on licensing

3.3. Map providers

3.3.1. NAVTEQ

3.3.2. Tele Atlas

3.3.3. OpenStreetMap

3.4. Browser-based location

3.4.1. Fire Eagle

3.4.2. Loki

3.4.3. Geode

3.4.4. Native browser support

3.5. Summary

Chapter 4. Content options

4.1. Content licenses

4.2. Content distribution formats

4.2.1. GeoRSS

4.2.2. GeoJSON

4.2.3. KML

4.3. Licensing content from third parties

4.4. User-generated content

4.4.1. Privacy

4.4.2. Quality

4.4.3. Copyright issues

4.4.4. Implementation and performance

4.5. Mashups

4.5.1. Consumer mashups

4.5.2. Data mashups

4.5.3. Business mashups

4.6. Our coding mashup example

4.6.1. Using KML

4.6.2. Using JavaScript

4.7. Summary

2. Technology

Chapter 5. Consumer applications

5.1. Navigating to a destination

5.1.1. GPS assisted navigation on smartphones—Telmap

5.1.2. GPS assisted navigation on Nokia handsets—Ovi Maps

5.1.3. Creating a navigational widget platform—uLocate

5.1.4. Google’s (free) Maps Navigation

5.2. Connecting with other people or local places

5.2.1. Creating a story through geotagged photos—Whrrl

5.2.2. Taking location mainstream—Loopt

5.2.3. Going global with LBS—GyPSii

5.2.4. Making LBS easy—Sniff

5.2.5. Real and virtual worlds through LBS—Friendticker

5.3. Entertainment or play

5.3.1. Creating adventures through location-aware apps—GPS Mission

5.3.2. Location-aware treasure hunting—geocaching

5.3.3. Location-based social networking games

5.4. New app development frontiers

5.4.1. Augmented reality

5.4.2. Layar—a pioneer in AR browsing

5.5. Summary

Chapter 6. Mobile platforms

6.1. Mobile phone trends

6.2. How programming and distribution options are evolving

6.3. Java ME

6.4. Symbian

6.4.1. Nokia Ovi Store

6.5. iPhone and iPad

6.5.1. Restrictions on iOS development tools

6.5.2. A simple iPhone app

6.5.3. The Apple App Store

6.6. Android

6.6.1. A simple Android app

6.6.2. Android Market

6.7. webOS

6.7.1. HP App Catalog

6.8. BlackBerry OS

6.8.1. BlackBerry App World

6.9. Windows Mobile

6.9.1. Windows Marketplace for Mobile

6.10. LiMo

6.11. MeeGo

6.12. BREW

6.13. Mobile development frameworks

6.13.1. PhoneGap

6.13.2. Kyte Mobile App Frameworks

6.13.3. Big5

6.13.4. Titanium Mobile

6.13.5. QuickConnect

6.13.6. Rhodes Framework

6.14. Testing

6.15. Summary

Chapter 7. Connectivity issues

7.1. Key success factors in connectivity

7.1.1. Smartphones

7.1.2. Feature phones

7.2. Security of location data

7.2.1. Caching location files

7.2.2. Server databases

7.3. Location-aware platform examples

7.3.1. iPhone and iPad example

7.3.2. Android example

7.3.3. Java ME example

7.3.4. Palm webOS example

7.4. Summary

Chapter 8. Server-side integration

8.1. Server functionality

8.2. Server APIs

8.2.1. REST

8.2.2. XML data exchange format

8.2.3. JSON data exchange format

8.3. Spatial databases

8.3.1. PostgreSQL and PostGIS

8.3.2. MySQL spatial support

8.3.3. Microsoft SQL Server spatial support

8.3.4. Oracle Spatial

8.3.5. IBM DB2 Spatial Extender

8.4. Performance

8.4.1. Caching

8.5. Returning POIs example

8.6. Third-party LBS servers

8.6.1. MapServer

8.6.2. ESRI ArcGIS Server

8.6.3. Maptitude

8.6.4. GeoMedia

8.6.5. MapInfo Professional

8.6.6. Microsoft MapPoint

8.7. Summary

3. Creating winning LBS businesses

Chapter 9. Monetization of location-based services

9.1. The consumer as a source of revenue

9.1.1. Gateway charging

9.1.2. In-app charging

9.2. Businesses as a source of revenue

9.2.1. Real estate charging

9.2.2. Location data charging

9.3. Monetizing IP

9.3.1. Licensing

9.3.2. White labeling

9.4. Summary

Chapter 10. The privacy debate

10.1. What do we mean by privacy?

10.1.1. Defining privacy

10.2. The privacy debate

10.2.1. Privacy threats

10.2.2. Push versus pull location

10.3. Who manages the privacy of LBS?

10.4. Privacy legislation

10.4.1. Avoiding the data privacy booby traps

10.4.2. Best practice guidelines: Cellular Telephones Industries Association

10.5. Complying with privacy legislation

10.5.1. Setting user profiles

10.5.2. Opt-in screens

10.5.3. Fuzzy location

10.5.4. Terms of service

10.5.5. Geofencing

10.6. Summary

Chapter 11. Distributing your application

11.1. A product is only as good as its distribution

11.1.1. Distribution platform decision tree model

11.2. Publishing your app

11.2.1. Overview of application stores

11.2.2. How to publish your app on a store

11.3. App store discoverability

11.3.1. App reviews

11.3.2. App rankings

11.3.3. App analytics

11.3.4. App discoverability

11.4. Distributing through third parties

11.4.1. Distributing through content partners

11.4.2. Distributing through word-of-mouth marketing

11.5. Summary

Chapter 12. Securing your business idea

12.1. Strategic planning

12.1.1. Choosing the right business strategy

12.1.2. Formulating your business strategy—the business plan

12.1.3. Strategies for growth—external partnerships

12.2. Funding your business strategy

12.2.1. Matching funding to stages of business growth

12.2.2. Bootstrap funding

12.2.3. Friends, family, and fools funding

12.2.4. Business angel funding

12.2.5. Venture capitalist funding

12.3. Securing your business strategy

12.3.1. Trademark registration and brand protection

12.3.2. Patenting your development

12.4. Summary

Appendix A. Java code examples referred to in chapter 2

Appendix B. Business plan outline

Appendix C. Term sheet for proposed investment

Index

List of Figures

List of Tables

List of Listings