Gregory S. Parnell is Director, M.S. in Operations Management and Research Professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Arkansas. He teaches systems engineering, decision analysis, operations management, and IE design courses. He coedited Decision Making for Systems Engineering and Management, Wiley Series in Systems Engineering, 2nd Ed, Wiley & Sons Inc., 2011, and cowrote the Wiley & Sons Handbook of Decision Analysis, 2013. Dr Parnell has taught at West Point, the United Stated Air Force Academy, Virginia Commonwealth University, and the Air Force Institute of Technology. He is a fellow of the International Committee on Systems Engineering (INCOSE), the Institute for Operations Research & Management Science, Military Operations Research Society, the Society for Decision Professionals, and the Lean Systems Society. During his Air Force career, he served in a variety of R&D positions and operations research positions including at the Pentagon where he led two analysis divisions supporting senior Air Force leadership. He is a retired Colonel in the US Air Force. Dr Parnell received a B.S. in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Buffalo, an M.E. in Industrial & Systems Engineering from the University of Florida, an M.S. in Systems Management from the University of Southern California, and a Ph.D. in Engineering-Economic Systems from Stanford University.

Robert F. Bordley is an adjunct professor of decision analysis and systems engineering at the University of Michigan and a full-time consultant for Booz Allen Hamilton. Bob was formerly technical Fellow at General Motors and a Program Director at the National Science Foundation. His Ph.D., M.S., and MBA in Operations Research are from the University of California, Berkeley with an M.S. in Systems Science, B.S. in Physics, and B.A. in Public Policy from Michigan State University. He is an INCOSE-certified expert systems engineering professional (ESEP), an INFORMS-certified analytic professional (CAP), a professional statistician (PStat), and a certified Project Management Professional (PMP). Bob is a Fellow of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Sciences, a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, and a Fellow of the Society of Decision Professionals. Bob also received the 2004 Best Decision Analysis Publication Award. At the National Science Foundation, he served as Program Director for Decision, Risk and Management Sciences. As Technical Fellow at General Motors, he received GM's Chairman Award, President's Council Award, Research Award of Excellence, GM's Engineering Award of Excellence, and UAW-GM Quality Award. Bob led the mission analysis group in Project Trilby, which helped launch GM's vehicle systems engineering effort as well as its R&D portfolio management group. Bob was also a Technical Director on GM's corporate strategy staff and served as internal consultant to GM's marketing, product planning, and quality engineering staffs. At Booz Allen Hamilton, Bob supports requirements management and concept selection for the Army.

Matthew Cilli received his Ph.D. in Systems Engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, NJ, and leads an analytics group at the US Army's Armament Research Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) in Picatinny, NJ. His research interests are focused on improving strategic decision-making through the integrated application of holistic thinking and analytics. Prior to his current position, Dr Cilli accumulated over 20 years of experience developing proposals, securing resources, and leading effective technology development programs for the US Army. Dr Cilli graduated from Villanova University, Villanova, PA, with a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering and a Minor in Mathematics in May 1989. He is also a graduate of the Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY, with a Master of Science – Electrical Engineering received in January 1992 and in May 1998, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, Wharton Business School, Philadelphia, PA, with a Masters of Technology Management.

Simon R. Goerger is the ERDC Director of the Institute for Systems Engineering Research (ISER) at the Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) of the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) in Vicksburg, MS. He has been an Operations Research Analyst with the US Army Corps of Engineers since 2012. Prior to working for the Corps of Engineers, he was a Colonel in the US Army serving as the Director of the Department of Defense Readiness Reporting System (DRRS) Implementation Office (DIO). Simultaneously, he served as Senior Defense Readiness Analyst in the Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness). Simon has served as an Assistant Professor and the Director of the Operations Research Center of Excellence in the Department of Systems Engineering at the United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, before deploying to serve as the Joint Multinational Networks Division Chief, Coalition Forces Land Combatant Command/US Army Central Command, Kuwait. He received his Bachelor of Science from the United States Military Academy, his Master of Science (M.S.) in National Security Strategy from the National War College, and his M.S. in Computer Science and Doctorate of Philosophy in Modeling and Simulations from the Naval Postgraduate School. He is a board member for the Military Operations Research Society. His research interests include decision analysis, systems modeling, tradespace analysis, and combat modeling and simulations.

Dr Gina Guillaume-Joseph is an Information Systems Engineer at The MITRE Corporation in McLean, Virginia. In her current role, she acts as a trusted advisor to senior leadership in Federal Agencies by partnering with them to design enhancements to their work systems. Dr Guillaume-Joseph's work has led to improvements that allow the systems and processes to operate more efficiently and effectively in fulfillment of specific functions. Her various roles have included project manager, software developer, test engineer, and quality assurance engineer within the private, government consulting, nonprofit, and telecommunications arenas. Dr Guillaume-Joseph is President of the INCOSE Washington Metro Area (WMA) Chapter. Dr Guillaume-Joseph has a strong record of success based on direct personal contributions. She leads and develops teams that are adaptive, flexible, and highly responsive in the exceptionally dynamic environment of Government support. Her accomplishments and successes are based on strong program performance, leadership discipline, a commitment to developing relevant, innovative and adaptive solutions, and a vigilant focus on best value solutions for her clients. Dr Guillaume-Joseph has advanced knowledge of software development lifecycle activities, such as agile, waterfall, iterative, incremental, and associated processes including planning, requirements management, design and development, testing, and deployment. Her strong communication skills make her adept at conveying specialized technical information to nontechnical audiences. Dr Guillaume-Joseph received her B.A. in Computer Science from Boston College and M.S. in Information Technology Systems from the University of Maryland. She obtained her Ph.D. in Systems Engineering from George Washington University with a topic focused on Predicting Software Project Failure Outcomes using Predictive Analytics and Modeling.

C. Robert Kenley is an Associate Professor of Engineering Practice in Purdue's School of Industrial Engineering in West Lafayette, IN. He teaches courses in systems engineering at Purdue and has over 30 years of experience in industry, academia, and government as a practitioner, consultant, and researcher in systems engineering. He has published papers on systems requirements, technology readiness assessment and forecasting, Bayes nets, applied meteorology, the impacts of nuclear power plants on employment, agent-based simulation, and model-based systems engineering. Professor Kenley holds a Bachelor of Science in Management from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a Master of Science in Statistics from Purdue University, and a Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering-Economic Systems from Stanford University.

Azad M. Madni is a Professor of Astronautical Engineering and the Technical Director of the multidisciplinary Systems Architecting and Engineering (SAE) Program at the University of Southern California's Viterbi School of Engineering. He is also a Professor of USC's Keck School of Medicine and Rossier School of Education. Dr Madni is the founder and Chairman of Intelligent Systems Technology, Inc., a high-tech company specializing in modeling, simulation, and gaming technologies for education and training. His research has been sponsored by several prominent government agencies including DARPA, DHS S&T, MDA, DTRA, ONR, AFOSR, AFRL, ARI, RDECOM, NIST, DOE, and NASA, as well as major aerospace companies including Boeing, Northrop Grumman, and Raytheon. He is the Co-Editor-in-Chief of Engineered Resilient Systems: Challenges and Opportunities in the 21st Century, Procedia Computer Science, 2014. His recent awards include the 2011 INCOSE Pioneer Award and the 2014 Lifetime Achievement Award from INCOSE-LA. He is a Fellow of AAAS, AIAA, IEEE, INCOSE, SDPS, and IETE. He is the Strategic Advisor of the INCOSE Systems Engineering Journal. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California, Los Angeles. He is also a graduate of AEA/Stanford Executive Institute for senior executives.

Alexander D. MacCalman is an Army Special Forces Officer in the Operations Research System Analyst Functional Area and has a Masters in Operations Research and a Ph.D. in Modeling and Simulations from the Naval Postgraduate School. He served in various assignments within the Special Operations and Army Analytical communities. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Systems Engineering at the United States Military Academy and works as the Systems Engineering Program Director. His research interests are in simulation experiments and how they can inform decision analysis and trade decisions.

John MacCarthy is currently serving as the Director of the Systems Engineering Education Program at the University of Maryland's Institute for Systems Research (College Park). Prior to taking this position, he completed a 28-year career as a systems engineer that included serving as a research staff member at the Institute for Defense Analyses, a senior technology and policy advisor for an senior government executive, as well as a variety of systems engineering leadership positions within Northrop Grumman and TRW (e.g., Senior Systems Engineer/Manager, Lead Systems Engineer, Manager of Proposal Operations, Deputy Director of the Center for Advanced Technology, and others). He has extensive experience in applying the full range of systems engineering processes to diverse domains that included very large defense systems and system of systems, a national nuclear waste disposal system, and a number of smaller state and local government systems. During his last 8 years in the industry, Dr MacCarthy taught a variety of graduate-level systems engineering courses as an Adjunct Professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. He began his career as an Assistant Professor of physics at Muhlenberg College. He holds a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Notre Dame, an M.S. in Systems Engineering from George Mason University, and a B.A. in Physics from Carleton College. His professional experience and interests include systems engineering; systems analysis, modeling and simulation; communications and sensor networks; sustainment engineering; life cycle cost analysis; the acquisition process; and science and engineering education.

James N. Martin is a Principal Engineer with The Aerospace Corporation. He teaches courses for The Aerospace Institute on architecting and systems engineering. Dr Martin is an enterprise architect and systems engineer developing solutions for information systems and space systems. He previously worked for Raytheon Systems Company as a lead systems engineer and architect on airborne and satellite communications networks. He has also worked at AT&T Bell Labs on wireless telecommunications products and underwater fiber optic transmission products. His book, Systems Engineering Guidebook, was published by CRC Press in 1996. He is an INCOSE Fellow and was leader of the Standards Technical Committee. Dr Martin is the founder and current leader of INCOSE's Systems Science Working Group. He received from INCOSE the Founders Award for his long and distinguished achievements in the field. Dr Martin was a key author on the BKCASE project in development of the SE Body of Knowledge (SEBOK). His main SEBOK contribution was the articles on Enterprise Systems Engineering. Dr Martin led the working group responsible for developing ANSI/EIA 632, a US national standard that defines the processes for engineering a system. He is the INCOSE representative to ISO for international standards on architecture, one of which is dealing with architecture evaluation, the topic of the chapter he wrote for this book. Dr Martin received his Ph.D. from George Mason University in Enterprise Architecture as well as a BS from Texas A&M University and an M.S. from Stanford University.

Kirk Michealson is the President of Tackle Solutions, LLC, a consulting firm for operations research analysis, project management, and training. He is an Operations Research Analyst, Fellow of the Military Operations Research Society (MORS), Lean Six Sigma Black Belt, retired Naval Officer, and an Adjunct Professor for the University of Arkansas' M.S. in Operations Management program teaching Decision Support Tools, Analytics, and Decision Models. He has degrees in Operations Research, graduating with a B.S. from the United States Naval Academy and an M.S from the Naval Postgraduate School. As a MORS Fellow, he leads the Affordability Analysis Community of Practice developing an affordability analysis process for government and industry and received the Clayton J. Thomas Award for lifetime achievement as an Operations Research Practitioner. Kirk was formerly a technical Fellow for Operations Research Analysis at Lockheed Martin where he was responsible for designing an Operations Analysis (OA) Practitioner's Success Profile and Competency Model determining the necessary skills and expertise to be a successful OA at Lockheed Martin and developing the corporate-wide experimentation process as the corporation's experimentation lead. Kirk is a retired Commander in the US Navy, and during his naval career, he was a surface warfare officer serving on ships and in various operations research positions supporting senior Navy and Department of Defense leadership.

William D. Miller is Executive Principal Analyst at Innovative Decisions, Inc. and adjunct professor at Stevens Institute of Technology in the School of Systems and Enterprises. He teaches courses in systems engineering fundamentals, system architecture and design, and systems integration. He coauthored with Dennis M. Buede The Engineering Design of Systems: Models and Methods, 3rd Ed, Wiley Series in Systems Engineering, Wiley & Sons Inc., 2016. He contributed content for Systems Engineering: Coping with Complexity, Prentice Hall Europe 1998, by Richard Stevens, Peter Brook, Ken Jackson, and Stuart Arnold. Mr Miller has over 40 years of professional experience as an engineer, manager, and consultant in the conceptualization and engineering of communications and information technologies, products, and services. His systems engineering work has encompassed resource allocation, R&D priorities, strategic planning, trade studies, requirements definition, system modeling, system design, system acquisition, system development, system integration, and system test. He previously worked at Bell Labs and AT&T in systems integration of telecommunications systems and services as well as specific developments of wireless and fiber optic technologies. He is the editor-in-chief of INCOSE INSGHT systems engineering practitioner's magazine, former INCOSE Technical Director, and was elected INCOSE secretary for several terms. He is a Life Member of the IEEE. Mr Miller received B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University.

Edward A. Pohl is a Professor and holder of the 21st Professorship in the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Arkansas. Prior to his appointment as Department Head, Ed served as the Director of the Operations Management Program, the largest graduate program at the University of Arkansas. Ed currently serves as Director of the Center for Innovation in Healthcare Logistics (CIHL), Codirector for the Emerging Institute for Advanced Data and Analytics at the University of Arkansas, and the Director of Distance Education in the College of Engineering. He has participated and led several reliability, risk, and supply chain related research efforts at the University of Arkansas. Before coming to Arkansas, Ed spent 20 years in the United States Air Force, where he served in a variety of engineering, analysis, and academic positions during his career. Previous assignments include the Deputy Director of the Operations Research Center at the United States Military Academy, Operations Analyst in the Office of the Secretary of Defense where he performed independent cost schedule, performance, and risk assessments on Major DoD acquisition programs, and as a munitions logistics manager at the Air Force Operational Test Center. Ed received his Ph.D. in Systems and Industrial Engineering from the University of Arizona. He holds an M.S. in Systems Engineering from the Air Force Institute of Technology, and an M.S. in Reliability Engineering from the University of Arizona, an M.S. in Engineering Management from the University of Dayton, and a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Boston University. His primary research interests are in reliability, engineering optimization, supply chain risk analysis, decision-making, and quality. Ed is a Fellow of IIE, a Senior Member of IEEE and ASQ, and a member of ASEM and INCOSE.

Donna H. Rhodes is a principal research scientist and senior lecturer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and director of the Systems Engineering Advancement Research Initiative (SEAri), a research group focused on advancing theories, methods, and practice of systems engineering applied to complex sociotechnical systems. She conducts research and consults on innovative approaches and methods for architecting complex systems and enterprises, designing for uncertain futures, and creating anticipatory capacity in enterprises. During her prior industry career, Dr Rhodes held senior management positions at IBM, Lockheed Martin, and Lucent. She has been very much involved in the evolution of the systems engineering field, including corporate education and development of several university graduate programs. She has served on numerous industry, academic, and government advisory boards focused on advancement of systems practice and education, as well as on study panels for issues of national and international importance. Dr Rhodes is a Past President and Fellow of the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). She is a recipient of the INCOSE Founders Award and associate editor of the INCOSE journal Systems Engineering. She received her Ph.D. in Systems Science from the T.J. Watson School of Engineering at Binghamton University.

Garry Roedler is a Fellow and the Engineering Outreach Program Manager for Lockheed Martin and the President-elect for the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). His systems engineering (SE) experience spans the full life cycle and includes technical leadership roles in both programs and systems engineering business functions. Garry holds degrees in mathematics education and mechanical engineering from Temple University and the ESEP certification from INCOSE. Garry is an INCOSE Fellow, author of numerous publications and presentations, and the recipient of many awards, including the INCOSE Founders Award, Best SE Journal Article, IEEE Golden Core, Lockheed Martin Technical Leadership Award, and Lockheed Martin NOVA Award. His other leadership roles across many technical organizations include Past Chair of the INCOSE Corporate Advisory Board; member of the INCOSE Board of Directors; steering group member for the National Defense Industrial Association Systems Engineering Division; working group chair for the IEEE Joint Working Group for DoD Systems Engineering Standardization; editor of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288, Systems Life Cycle Processes, and several other standards; and key editor roles in the development of the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge (SEBoK) and the INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook. This unique set of roles has enabled Garry to influence the technical coevolution and consistency of these key SE resources.

Adam M. Ross is a senior innovator at The Perduco Group and cofounder and former lead research scientist for the MIT SEAri, a research group focused on advancing the theories, methods, and effective practice of systems engineering applied to complex sociotechnical systems through collaborative research with industry and government. Dr Ross has published over 90 papers in the areas of space systems design, systems engineering, and tradespace exploration. He has received numerous paper awards, including the Systems Engineering 2008 Outstanding Journal Paper of the Year. He has led over 15 years of research and development of novel systems engineering methods, frameworks, and techniques for evaluating and valuing system tradespaces and the “ilities” across alternative futures during early phase design. He uses a transdisciplinary approach, leveraging techniques from engineering design, operations research, behavioral economics, and interactive data visualization. He serves on technical committees with both AIAA and IEEE and is recognized as a leading expert in system tradespace exploration and change-related “ilities.” He consults for government agencies, applying analytic techniques for decision support and optimization for acquisition planning. Application domains have included civil transportation, defense and civil aerospace, and commercial and defense maritime systems. Dr Ross holds a dual bachelor's degree in Physics and Astrophysics from Harvard University, two master's degrees in Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering and Technology & Policy from MIT, as well as a doctoral degree in Engineering Systems from MIT.

Sam Savage is the author of “The Flaw of Averages: Why We Underestimate Risk in the Face of Uncertainty” (John Wiley & Sons, 2009, 2012), in which he defines the discipline of probability management. He is also the inventor of the SIP, a data structure that allows simulations to communicate with each other. Dr Savage has been a Consulting Professor in the School of Engineering at Stanford University since 1990 and taught at the Graduate School of Business at the University of Chicago since 1974. He is also a Fellow of the Judge Business School at Cambridge University. In 2012, he incorporated ProbabilityManagement.org, as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that has been cited in the MIT Sloan Management Review for “improving communication of uncertainty.” He serves as its Executive Director and is joined on the board by Harry Markowitz, Nobel Laureate in Economics. Sponsoring organizations include Chevron, General Electric, Lockheed Martin, and Wells Fargo Bank. Dr Savage holds a Ph.D. in the area of computational complexity from Yale University.

Clifford Whitcomb is a Professor in the Systems Engineering Department at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA. Dr Whitcomb's research interests include design thinking, model-based systems engineering, naval construction and engineering, and leadership, communication, and interpersonal skills development for engineers. He is the coauthor of “Effective Interpersonal and Team Communication Skills for Engineers” published by John Wiley and Sons and has published several other textbook chapters. He is a principal investigator for the US Navy Office of Naval Research, Office of the Joint Staff, Office of the Secretary of the Navy, and the Veteran's Health Administration. He is an INCOSE Fellow, has served on the INCOSE Board of Directors, and was a Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt for Northrop Grumman Ship Systems. Dr Whitcomb was previously the Northrop Grumman Ship Systems Endowed Chair in Shipbuilding and Engineering in the department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the University of New Orleans, a senior lecturer in the System Design and Management (SDM) program at MIT, as well as an Associate Professor in the Ocean Engineering Department, at MIT. Dr Whitcomb is also a retired naval officer, having served 23 years as a submarine warfare officer and Engineering Duty Officer. He earned his B.S. in Engineering from the University of Washington, Seattle, WA, in 1984, an Engineer degree in Naval Engineering and S.M. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from MIT in 1992, and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park, MD, in 1998.

Paul T. Beery is a Faculty Associate for Research in the Systems Engineering Department at the Naval Postgraduate School. He has a Masters in Systems Engineering Analysis from Naval Postgraduate School and is working toward his doctoral degree in Systems Engineering at the Naval Postgraduate School. His research interests are the design and analysis of complex systems, simulation analysis, and the applications of advances in design of experiments.

Andres Vargas is a research assistant and graduate student in the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Arkansas. His research interests are focused on decision analysis, network optimization, and supply chain transportation strategies. Andres has worked for The Coca-Cola Company in his home country Bolivia, where he served as an occupational safety supervisor and quality control analyst. He has also worked with Sam's Club, where he was involved in a project initiative to redesign and improve self-checkout station operations using queueing theory concepts and simulation. Andres received his B.S. in Industrial Engineering from the University of Arkansas. As an undergraduate researcher, he worked for the Center for Excellence in Logistics and Distribution as a web application developer.