Over the last five years, the authors of this book have collaborated to develop more than 150 different analytics and thousands of simple rules that can be applied to thousands of different assets. The following are the most important use cases of these analytics that we have identified in the I-IoT:

• Asset reliability management: Without a doubt, this is the most common class of analytics. It is used to monitor the health of the system. An example of where this may be applied is checking the standard operability of a pump, or predicting cracking or malfunctioning.
• Maintenance optimization/planning: This is the most valuable class. Its purpose is to avoid or delay unwanted maintenance. An example of where this may be applied is avoiding unwanted cleaning or part replacements of a filter.
• Performance and efficiency management or optimization: These analytics try to minimize the cost while maintaining performance. An example of where this may be applied is optimizing oil extraction.
• Regulatory and compliance: Sometimes, we need to monitor Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to ensure that production remains in the constraints of regional laws. An example of where this may be applied is to regulate Sulphur emissions at a refinery.
• Operation and scheduling optimization: This isn't specifically related to I-IoT, but it is needed to manage standard operations. An example of where this may be applied is to optimize the maintenance schedule of a train of assets.
• Security and safety: These are rules to check the safety or security of humans or machines. An example of where this may be applied is to measure the reliability of a jet engine.
• Design and modeling: These are normally used during the design phase. They allow you to redesign the production. An example of where this may be applied is to optimize piping.
• What-if simulation for decision support: These are normally applied to human interactions. These techniques allow you to change the parameters of a particular analytic to simulate the behavior of equipment such as wind turbines, oil and gas plants, or equipment related to the pharmaceutical industry. An example of where this may be applied is changing the furnace temperature in a petrochemical process.
• Smart environment: This involves monitoring large environments or utilities. An example of where this may be applied is to control human access to prohibited area.

All of these technologies can be applied to the I-IoT in conjunction with the standard supply chain, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), business intelligence (BI), or process optimization.