Last but not least, the twelfth factor is related to administration in terms of running management tasks.

These tasks should be run in the runtime execution environment, hence they should be shipped with the application itself and should be used to fix/compensate migration aspects of the application. Suppose you changed your domain model; this should also be reflected at the database level, so some script to alter the database schema should be provided and executed before the app can be used/consumed.

As a twelve-factor application is self-contained, it needs some kind of mechanism to first launch the admin management process and then be available. Fortunately, with the rise of Docker, such tasks have become even easier.

That was the last factor.

But wait a second. What about security?

A cloud-native application should be aware of security aspects such as authentication and authorization. A twelve-factor application integrates with backing services; it might not be allowed, or it shouldn't be allowed, to consume or use such a service.

How could they miss such a rule? We must add one more factor and have a thirteen-factor application.