I
IAC (Inquiry Access Code), 339
IAC (interpret as command), 420
IBM, 1109
IBSS (Independent Basic Service Set), 284. See also ad hoc networks
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers), 368
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), 363, 398–399
redirects, 860
UDP interaction, 396
message types, 399–401
ICS (Internet Connection Sharing), 1135
ID packet, 340
IDCs (insulation displacement connectors), 82, 92
identifying
clients, 32
IP, 367
ports, 174
problems, 924
services, 32
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers), 1108, 1112
802 documents, 193
standards, 188–193
IEEE 802, 189–191
IEEE 802.1, 191
IEEE 802.2, 191
IEEE 802.3, 192
IEEE 802.4, 192
IEEE 802.5, 192
IEEE 802.7, 193
IEEE 802.10, 193
IEEE 802.11, 193
LMSC, 189
switch, 144–145
IEEE-1394a hard drives, 1137
IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee, 197, 1094
IEEE 802.11 standards, 292, 1095
IEEE 802.3u, 213–214
IEEE 802.3z. See Gigabit Ethernets
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), 628
ifconfig command, 456–457, 495
iFolder, 1124
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol), 363
IGP (Interior Gateway Protocols), 636
IHL (Internet Header Length), 367
IKE (Internet Key Exchange), 896–897
IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4), 445–446
client commands, 446
commands, 448–449
data formatting, 447
mailbox naming, 447
states, 447
system flags, 446
universal commands, 447
characteristic, 87
match, 80
impersonation, 864
implementing
backbones, 23–24
DDNS, 551–552
IP, 366
migration
Active Directory, 1055
BDCs, upgrading, 1061
joining trees, 1057
master domain model, 1057–1060
PDCs, upgrading, 1056–1057
routers, 977
switches, 977
VLAN switches, 146
implicit groups, 744
implicit tagging, 141
import-export filters, 50
importing tools, 1125
inboxes, 447
Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS), 284. See also ad hoc networks
indirect maps, 621
Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band, 286
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), 105–106, 1096
infections (viruses), 854–857, 867
info domain, 545
Infrared Data Association (IrDA), 782
infrastructure mode (wireless network adapters), 322
ingress LSRs, 644
inherited rights filter (IRF), 743
Initial Reverse Synchronization dialog box, 1009
Inquiry Access Code (IAC), 339
inquiry messages, 338
INRIA (French National Institute of Research for Computer Science and Control), 628
Install File and Print Services for NetWare dialog box, 1004
Install From Disk dialog box, 1004
installing
Active Directory, 585–592
Administration Tools, 574
CSNW, 995–996
DHCP servers, 497
APIPA, 514–515
authorizing, 497–499
BOOTP support, 507
clustering, 510
configuring, 504–507
daemons, 517–518
DNS, 511–513
exclusions/reservations, 513–514
large/routed environments, 510–511
managing logging, 516–517
MMC Action menu, 499–504
Red Hat Linux, 517
troubleshooting, 515–516
DNS, 552
documenting, 100
FMU, 1011
FPNW 5.0, 1003–1006
GNSW, 996–1000
IPP, 755
MSDSS, 1007
NIC
autosensing, 109
connectors, 110
selecting hardware bus types, 105–108
SFU 3.0, 1034–1037
TCP/IP, 860
WINS, 534
Windows
2003 Server, 552
XP Professional, 795–799
wiring, 100–101
Installation Wizard, 1058
instances, 562
instant messaging, 348–349
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. See IEEE
insulation displacement connectors (IDCs), 82, 92
integrated Windows authentication, 791
Intel, 197
interaction
ICMP/UDP, 396
WINS, 529
Intercom profile, 342–343
interconnecting. See also connections
backbone cabling system, 75–76
devices, 203
interdomain trust relationships, 666–668
interfaces
API, 396
FTP, 405
LMI, 254
NDIS, 116
NIC. See NIC
ODI, 115
SCSI
Arbitrated Loops, 172–175
capacity, 168–169
connections, 165
fabric switched topology, 176–178
Fibre Channel, 170–172
IP, 180–181
mixed topologies, 178–179
network appliances, 167
protocols, 168
SANs, 166–170
Unix, 771
interferences
802.11a network advantages, 302–303
EMI, 79
RFI, 80
testing, 928
wireless networks, 290
interhack.net/pubs/fwfaq/, 1114
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP), 636
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 340, 360, 559, 1082, 1108, 1118
International Telecommunications Union (ITU), 559, 1118
Internet
connection types, 316
routers, 161–162
scams, 865
transactions, 652
Internet Connection Sharing (ICS), 1135
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), 363, 398–401
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), 368
Internet Draft documents, 753
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 628
Internet Explorer proxy servers, 880–881
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), 363
Internet Header Length (IHL), 367
Internet Key Exchange (IKE), 896
Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4 (IMAP4), 445–448
Internet Printing Protocol. See IPP
Internet Protocol. See IP
Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP), 236
Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP), 896
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 437
Internet Services Manager command (Start menu), 1028
Internetwork Packet Exchange Control Protocol (IPXCP), 236
Interpacket Gap Time (IPG), 609
interpret as command (IAC), 420
Interrupt ReQuest Line (IRQ), 116–118
intervals, sampling, 219
Intrusion Detection, 877
IP (Internet Protocol), 8, 364, 1084
addresses, 365–371
APIPA, 514–515
ARP, 380–385
cable modems, 271–273
Class A, 372
Class B, 373
Class C, 373
Class D, 373–374
Class E, 373–374
proxy ARP, 385
RARP, 385
SOHO networks, 951–956
spoofing, 864
subnetting, 375–377
supernetting, 378–380
ARP, 380–385
connections, 365
datagram headers, 366–369
Fibre Channel, 172
implementing, 366
over ATM, 250
SANs, 180–181
UDP, 362
unacknowledged protocol, 365
unreliable protocol, 365
ipconfig command, 453–456, 922
ipconfig /displaydns command, 455
ipconfig /flushdns command, 455
IPCP (Internet Protocol Control Protocol), 236
IPG (Interpacket Gap Time), 609
IPP (Internet Printing Protocol), 752–753
installing, 755
object types, 753
operations, 754
Version 1.1, 755
Windows 2000, 788
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), 895–896
IPv6, 659
Anycasts, 370
comparing to IPv6, 654–655
extension headers, 656–658
headers, 655–656
Options Type field, 658
IPX/SPX protocols, 1074
IPXCP (Internetwork Packet Exchange Control Protocol), 236
IrDA (Infrared Data Association), 782
IRF (inherited rights filter), 743
IRQs (Interrupt ReQuest Line), 116–118
viewing, 124
Windows assignment of, 118
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture), 105–106, 116, 1096
ISAKMP (Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol), 896
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), 240, 343
ISM (Industry, Science, and Medicine (ISM), 286, 1095
ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 340, 360, 559, 1082, 1108, 1118
ISP (Internet Service Provider), 437
Itanium servers, 1049
ITU (International Telecommunications Union), 559
J-K-L
jabber, 222–223
jacks, 92
joining
segments, 1100
trees, 1057
jumbo frames, 215
jumper cables, 84
Juniper M160 router, 160
Juniper Networks, Inc., 1110
key rings, 910
keys
public key encryption, 910–911
RSA public key encryption, 911–912
single-key encryption, 909–910
SSL handshakes, 649–650
Knowledge Consistency Checker service, 569
Korn Shell commands, 1038–1040
L2CAP (Logical Link Control Adaption Protocol), 341
L2TP (Layer Two Tunneling Protocol), 900–901
Label Information Base (LIB), 644
Label Switching Routers (LSRs), 644–645
labels, 547
adding, 644–645
multi-label protocol switching, 643–644
Lamarr, Hedy, 287
LANs (local area networks), 974
Access profile, 344
10BASE-2, 970
campus networks, 24–25
expanding, 974–977
hybrid topologies, 206
multiple, creating, 208
NetWare version 6, 35
PHY, 216
protocols, 36
routers, 149
delegating responsibilities, 155–156
managing, 151–154
segmenting, 974–976
reasons to segment network users, 976–977
remote locations, 977
routers, 979–980
switches, 981–983
software analyzers, 938–939
TCP, 34–35
topologies, 12
5-4-3 rule, 204
bridging, 22
building, 23–24
bus, 12–13
hybrids, 18–20
layer-3 switching, 23
mesh, 17
ring, 15–17
routing, 22
shared/nonshared, 21–22
star, 13–14
VLANs, 23
troubleshooting, 219–223
versus other protocols, 35
VLAN. See VLANs
Wireless-G broadband router installation, 313
wireless networks, connecting, 298
LAN on Motherboard (LOM), 111
LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMSC), 189–193
LANE (LAN emulation), 249
languages, 750–751
LANtastic, 9
laptops. See notebooks
large enterprises, managing, 569
large/routed environments, 510–511
lastcomm command, 832
late collisions, 218
Layer 3 IP technology, 240
layers
AAL, 248
adding, 651
Application, 1085
ATM, 247–248
Data Link, 1083
encapsulation, 1083
Network, 1084
OSI networking model, 1082–1083
Presentation, 1084
Session, 1084
Transport, 1084
LC (Link Controller), 341
LCP (Link Control Protocol), 232–236
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 561, 1118–1122
binding requests, 1122–1123
comparing databases, 1123–1124
directories, 1124–1125
metadirectories, 1125
modifying databases, 1123
OpenLDAP, 1124
searching databases, 1123
X.500, 1118–1121
LDIF (LDAP Data Interchange Format), 1125
LDPA (Lightweight Document Printing Application), 752
leakage, 80
leasing
DHCP servers, 491
equipment, 47
expiration and renewals, 496
lines, 240–244
LEDs (light emitting diodes), 121–122, 956
legacy applications, 47
length
cables, 928
datagrams, 367
Level II oplock, 600
LIB (label Information Base), 644
LIFA (Loop Initialization Fabric Address), 175
light emitting diodes (LEDs), 121–122, 956
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. See LDAP
Lightweight Document Printing Application (LDPA), 752
LIHA (Loop Initialization Hard Address), 175
LILP (Loop Initialization Loop Position), 175
line printer daemon (lpd), 751, 758–767
line printer remote (lpr), 751, 758–767
Link Control Protocol (LCP), 232–236
Link Controller (LC), 341
link lights, troubleshooting, 121–122
Link Manager Protocol (LMP), 341
Link State Advertisements (LSAs), 642
Link State Database (LSDB), 642–643
Link Support Layer (LSL), 115
link-state algorithms, 642–643
links
ACL, 339
DFS roots, 624–625
SCO, 339
Linux
auditing, 829–832
CUPS, 773
DHCP, 517
FTP, 414–417
GUI utility, 709–713
ifconfig command, 456–457
man pages, 1072
monitoring, 829–832
netstat command, 471–476
NetWare integration
advantages, 1072
comparing Linux and NetWare, 1073–1074
drivers, locating, 1077
Novell Open Enterprise Server, 1077–1078
protocols, 1074
user accounts, moving, 1074
NIC, 119–121
permissions, 745–746
root account, 457
SOHO, 1133–1134
transitioning, 35
users, 744–748
LIP (Loop Initialization Primitive), 174
LIPA (Loop Initialization Previous Address), 175
LIRP (Loop Initialization Report Position), 175
LISA (Loop Initialization Soft Address), 175
LIST command, 444
lists
ports, 776
Trusting Domains, 668
literal strings, 447
LLC (Logical Link Control), 1083
802.2 standard, 211–213
IEEE 802.2, 191
subheaders, 211–212
LMHOSTS file, 525–528
LMI (Local Management Interface), 254
LMP (Link Manager Protocol), 341
LMSC (LAN/MAN Standards Committee), 189–193
load coils, 243
Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, 1005
Local Area Network (LAN) dialog box, 881
local area network. See LANs
local collisions, 218
local domain groups, 672
local groups, 672–673
Local Management Interface (LMI), 254
locating problem sources, 926
Location tab, 696
locking files, 600–601
locking the doors (physical network security), 816
log files (Linux/Unix), 832
Log Spooler Information Events, 778
logging on
detecting failed attempts, 682–683
troubleshooting, 683–684
workstations, 678
Logical Link Control. See LLC
Logical Link Control and Adaption Protocol (L2CAP), 341
logical network addresses, 149
logical network designs
components, 36–39
maintaining, 40
physical networks, 39
planning, 31–34
logical printers, 773
logical rings, 192
logical topologies, 12, 139, 203
Logon Hours dialog box, 677–678
Logon Workstations dialog box, 678
LOM (LAN on Motherboard), 111
Loop Initialization Fabric Address (LIFA), 175
Loop Initialization Hard Address (LIHA), 175
Loop Initialization Loop Position (LILP), 175
Loop Initialization Previous Address (LIPA), 175
Loop Initialization Primitive (LIP), 174
Loop Initialization Report Position (LIRP), 175
Loop Initialization Soft Address (LISA), 175
loopback capabilities, 241
loops
topologies
fabric switched, 176–178
mixed, 178–179
loose source routing, 369
lp command, 768–770
lpadmin command, 770–773
lpc command, 764–766
lpd (line printer daemon), 751, 758–767
lpg command, 764–766
lpr (line printer remote), 751, 758–767
lpr command, 761
lpr/lpd protocols, 751
lprm command, 764–766
lpsched command, 770–773
lpshut command, 770–773
lpstat command, 768–770
lptest command, 759
ls command, 745–746
LSAs (Link State Advertisements), 642
LSDB (Link State Database), 642–643
LSL (Link Support Layer), 115
LSRs (Label Switching Routers), 644–645
M
MA (Multiple Access), 201
MAC (Media Access Control), 209, 338, 365, 1083
addresses
routers, 149
VLAN, 142
layers, 288–290
sublayers, 189–190
magic cookies (BOOTP), 485
magic packets, 112–113
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices, 290
MAIL command, 440–442
mailboxes, naming, 447
backups, 62–63
media, 63–64
off-site storage, 66–67
rotation schedules, 65–66
costs, 47
disaster recovery, 68
documentation. See documentation
network monitoring, 62
NIC, 124
redundancy, 68
routine, 67
UPS, 58–62
makdev command, 762
MAN (metropolitan area network), 35
man pages (Linux/Unix), 1072
Managed by tab, 696
Management Information Base (MIB), 941–943
managing
centralized, 1054–1055
complete trust models, 671–672
computers, 693–696
decentralized, 1054–1055
directories, modeling, 1052–1053
domains
controllers, 669
models, 669–672
replication between controllers, 680–681
trust relationships, 666–668
Windows NT, 665–666
FTP, 1028–1030
groups, 672
adding users, 676
assigning group memberships, 675
built-in user groups, 673
creating user groups, 674
IEEE 802.1, 191
large enterprises, 569
logging, 516–517
passwords, 730–736
printers
Windows 2000, 785–793
rights, 736–737
routers, 979
delegating LAN responsibilities, 155–156
LAN sizes, 151–154
switches, 135
TCP, 390–394
Telnet, 1023–1025
users, 689–692
Linux GUI utility, 709–713
modifying Unix accounts, 707–708
Unix, 704–707
Windows NT, 675–681
Web-based printers folders, 789–792
WINS, 529
Action menu, 536–538
netsh commands, 540–541
Windows 2000, 535–538
Windows 2003 Server, 539
wiring, 100–101
Manchester encoding scheme, 200
manual alternatives, 1130
manufacturers
Cisco, 1109
HP, 1110
IBM, 1109
Juniper Networks, Inc., 1110
Microsoft, 1110
network hardware/software, 1109–1111
Red Hat, 1111
Samba.org, 1111
map files, 619
mapping
direct, 620
indirect, 621
master, 620
networks, 48–49
domainname command, 715–716
modifying, 718
ypserve daemon, 715
user names, 1041
wire, 929
Markey, Hedwig Kiesler, 287
marking wiring, 83–84
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 628
master domain model, 670, 1057–1060
master maps, 620
master plans, developing, 1055
joining trees, 1057
master domain model, 1057–1060
upgrading
BDCs, 1061
PDCs, 1056–1057
master servers, 714
maximum receive unit (MRU), 233
Maximum Segment Size (MSS), 390–394
Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU), 1084
MCA (Micro Channel Architecture) busses, 105
McAfee, 1114
MD5 (Message Digest5), 896
mechanical splicing, 98
Media Access Control. See MAC
Media Support Module (MSM), 115
Member of tab, 695
member servers, 572–573, 673, 1051–1052
memberships (groups), 675
memory (NVRAM), 159
mesh topologies, 17–18
Message Digest 5 (MD5), 896
message sequence numbers, 446
messages
encryption, 648
authentication, 818
digital certificates, 649–651, 912–913
PGP, 913
privacy, 908
SSL handshakes, 649–650
ICMP, 399–401
IMAP4, 445–449
client commands, 446
commands, 448–449
data formatting, 447
mailbox naming, 447
states, 447
system flags, 446
universal commands, 447
inquiry, 338
page, 338
POP3, 443–445
SMTP, 436–438
commands, 439–441
extensions, 439
models, 438–440
response codes, 441–442
transactions, 442–443
syslog, 832
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), 390
metadata, 1052
metadirectories, 1125
Metcalfe, Robert, 196
methods
access, 192
domains, 665–666
controllers, 669
interdomain trust relationships, 666–667
models, 669–672
replication between controllers, 680–681
trust relationships, creating, 667–668
Start/Search, 585
metrics, 638
MF (More Fragments) flag, 368
MIB (Management Information Base), 941–943
microfilters (DSL), 957
microsegmentation, 643
Microsoft, 1110
Distributed File System, 623–625
Directory Synchronization Services, 1006–1010
Management Console. See MMC
Office, 1131
Windows Catalog lists, accessing, 1063
microwave ovens, 290
migrating
Active Directory
BDCs, upgrading, 1061
implementing, 1055
joining trees, 1057
master domain model, 1057–1060
PDCs, upgrading, 1056–1057
ADMT, 585
FMU steps, 1012–1016
Novell NetWare to Windows NT 4.0/2000, 994–995
CSNW, 995–996
GSNW, 995–1000
Windows NT
centralized/decentralized management, 1054–1055
domain controllers, 1051–1052
member servers, 1051–1052
modeling directories, 1052–1053
namespaces, 1053
Windows 2000, 1050–1051
misaligned frames, 221
mission creep, 52
MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), 628
mixed topologies, 178–179
mkdir command, 759
MLID (Multi-Link Interface Driver), 115
MMC (Microsoft Management Console), 686, 789–792, 1007
Action menu, 692–693
Active Directory schema, 574–576
computer management, 693–696
DHCP, 499–504
User Manager, 686–688
Windows 2000 Administrative Tools, 725
models
B-ISDN/ATM, 247–249
COM, 571
directories, 1052–1053
domains
Active Directory, 565
master, 1057–1060
Windows NT, 669–672
OSI
networking, 1082–1084
Reference, 360–364
Unix, 771
modems
back doors, 863
DOCSIS, 274–275
DSL, comparing, 259–261
first-generation systems, 273
IP addresses to, 271–273
PSTN, 261–262
xDSL, 273–274
router control, 158
modes
active, 338
block, 406–407
burst, 215
compressed, 406
device, 338
hold, 338
park, 338
promiscuous, 939
security, 342
sniff, 338
standby, 338
stream, 406
transport, 898
tunnel, 898
modifying
Active Directory schema, 573–580
databases, 1123
groups, 674
NIS maps, 718
spooling, 778
user accounts, 707–708
modular jacks/plugs, 92
monitor bits, 1097
monitoring
analyzers, 932–933
decoding protocols, 934
establishing baselines, 933–934
filtering protocols, 934
hardware, 939–940
software, 934–938
software LAN, 938–939
statistical data, 934
errors, 223
Linux, 829–832
NET STATISTICS COMMAND, 604–607
networks, 62
Unix, 829–832
More Fragments (MF) flag, 368
Motorola Piano, 334
mount command, 614–616
mounting file systems, 615–620
MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching), 143, 240, 645
MRU (maximum receive unit), 233
MSDSS (Microsoft Directory Synchronization Services), 1006–1007
installation, 1007
one-time migration, 1010
one-way synchronization sessions, 1007–1010
prerequisites, 1006
two-way synchronization sessions, 1010
MSM (Media Support Module), 115
MSS (Maximum Segment Size), 390–394
MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit), 1084
multi-homed systems, 113
Multi-Link Interface Driver (MLID), 115
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), 143, 240
multi-tiered network topologies, 26–27
Multiple Access (MA), 201
multiple domains
creating, 666
master models, 671
multiple firewalls, 883
multiple network errors, 222
multiple outlets, 61
multiplexing, 193
multiport repeaters, 967
museum domain, 545
N
NAAS (Novell Advanced Audit Service), 848–849
name resolution, 524
hardware/protocol address comparisons, 525
NetBIOS, 525
LMHOSTS file, 525–528
WINS, 528–533
NIS, 553
TCP/IP, 541–552
troubleshooting, 476–477
Windows 2000 Server, 552
names
BIND, 549
generic accounts, 684
mailboxes, 447
NBNS, 528
objects, 564
printers, 776
queries, 533
RDN, 1123
registration, 530–532
users
mapping, 1041
tracking, 665
WINS. See WINS
namespaces, 557, 1053. See also forests
contiguous, 564
X.500, 1119–1121
NAS (Network Attached Storage), 164, 182–183
NAT (Network Address Translation), 156, 373, 872, 884–885
National Electrical Code (NEC), 83
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 909
navigation, 630–633
NBMA (nonbroadcast multiple access), 382
NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server), 528
NBTSTAT command, 532
NCP (NetWare Core Protocol), 608–610
NCP (Network Control Protocol), 232, 236
NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification), 116
NDS (Novell Directory Service), 45, 524, 742–744, 1119. See also NetWare
near-end cross-talk (NEXT), 80, 928, 1098
NEC (National Electrical Code), 83
negotiations
protocols, 598–599
Telnet options, 420–423
Nelson, Ted, 629
NET commands, 601
NET SHARE, 602–603
NET STATISTICS, 604–607
NET USE, 603–604
NET VIEW, 603–604
NetBIOS name resolution, 525
LMHOSTS file, 525–528
WINS, 528–533
NetBIOS Name Server (NBNS), 528
NETGEAR, 286
netsh commands, 540–541
netstat command, 466–471
netstate command, 472–476
NetWare
decline, 34
directories, 1124–1125
drivers, locating, 1077
iPrint utility, 803
Linux/Unix integration, 1072–1074
permissions, 740
Everyone group, 744
file system rights, 740–741
inheritance of rights, 743–744
NDS/file system rights, comparing, 742
object/property rights, 741–742
trustees, 740
Windows 2000/2003, 1001–1002
printing, 799–800
NPRINTER.NLM, 802
properties, 800–802
PSERVER.NLM, 802
protocols, 1074
TCP/IP, 1119
Unix/Linux integration, 1074, 1077
user accounts, moving, 1074
Windows 2000 migration, 994–995
CSNW, 995–996
GSNW, 995–1000
NetWare 6
auditing, 849
versions
6, 35
6.x, 994
NetWare Core Protocol (NCP), 608–610
Network Address Server Settings/DHCP (Internet Connection Type dialog), 317
Network Address Translation (NAT), 295–296, 373, 872, 884–885
Network Connection Policy, 810–811
Network Control Protocol (NCP), 232, 236
Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS), 116
Network File System (NFS), 595, 610, 1037–1038
configuring, 613
daemons, 614–617
procedures, 612–613
RPC, 610–611
server-side daemons, 616–621
troubleshooting, 621–622
XDR, 612
Network Information Service. See NIS
network interface card. See NICs
network management station (NMS), 943
network operating system (NOS), 750
Network Printer Server, 775
Network Virtual Terminal (NVT), 419–420
Network-Node Interface (NNI), 246
Networking Services dialog box, 497, 534
networks
10BASE-5, 198
10BASE-36, 198
10BASE-FL, 199
10BASE-T, 198
10BASE-2 networks, upgrading from, 964–970
upgrading from, 48
100BASE-T, 213–214
100BASE-TX, 199
802.11-based. See 802.11-based networks
access, controlling
auditing, 819
identifying users, 817–822
resource protections, 818
adapters
cards, 111
installing, 321–326
troubleshooting, 219
decoding protocols, 934
establishing baselines, 933–934
filtering protocols, 934
hardware, 939–940
software, 934–938
software LAN, 938–939
statistical data, 934
APs, 284
auditing, 926
back doors, 863
backbones, upgrading, 971
Bluetooth. See Bluetooth
BOOTP, 482
client/server exchanges (DHCP), 493–496
DHCP, 489–493
downloading operating systems, 488
options fields, 485–488
packet formats, 483–484
request/reply mechanisms, 484–485
broadband local area, 193
broadcast storms, 222–223
cable connectors, 968–969
Cisco, 1109
configuring, 124
congestion, 255
connections
different cables/topologies, 970
repairing, 478–479
devices, 62
dial-up connections, 228–229
configuring Windows Professional Client, 236–238
optimizing, 238
PPP, 229–236
SLIP, 229–231
directories, 1124–1125
encryption, 648–651
ethernets
10 Gigabit Ethernet, 216
adapters, 108
backbones, 208
backoff algorithm, 202
collisions, 199–202
Fast Ethernet, 213–214
frames, 209–213
full-duplex switches, 129–130
overview, 196
security, 976
switches, 126
topologies, 203–206
troubleshooting, 217–223
history, 8–10
host systems, 452–457
HP, 1110
IBM, 1109
Juniper Networks, Inc., 1110
LANs. See LANs
layers, 1084
logical network design
components, 36–39
maintaining, 40
physical networks, 39
planning, 31–34
manufacturers, 1109–1111
Microsoft, 1110
monitoring, 62
multi-tiered topologies, 26–27
multiple errors, 222
objects, 941–943
OSI models, 1082–1084
OSI Reference model, 360–364
ping command, 461–462
R-utilities, 425
authorization, 425–426
rcp, 429–430
rlogin, 426–428
rsh, 428–429
ruptime command, 430–431
rwho command, 430
Red Hat, 1111
reliability, 33
routers
Cisco, 159–161
configuring, 158–159
connections, 156
hierarchical network organizations, 149
Internet, 161–162
LAN responsibilities, delegating, 155–156
managing LAN sizes, 151–154
NAT/packet filtering, 156
ports, 157
protocols, 150
security, 149–150
selecting, 151
SANs, 16
Arbitrated Loops, 172–175
fabric switched topology, 176–178
Fibre Channel, 170–172
IP, 180–181
mixed topologies, 178–179
selecting, 182–183
scatternets, 335
SCSI. See SCSI
security. See security
segments
routers, 979–980
switches, 981–983
selecting, 297
simple repeaters, 1100
Smaba.org, 1111
sniffers, 864
SOHO, 1128
backups, 1132–1137
clients, 1068–1069
firewalls, 889
network topologies, 1135
office applications, 1131–1132
requirements, 1128–1130
routers, 1131
topologies, 1134–1136
vertical-market applications, 1130–1134
speed, 109
structured wiring, 74
backbone cabling system, 75–76
horizontal cabling system, 76–77
work area specification, 75
switches, 127
chassis, 135
collapsed backbones, 130–132
cut-through switches, 133, 1090
full-duplex ethernet, 129–130
hardware types, 132
home offices, 134–135
Layer 3 switches, 133–134
managing, 135
results, 128
segmenting collision domains, 128–129
stackable, 135
store-and-forward switches, 133, 1102
troubleshooting, 135
testing
BERT, 929–930
cables, 928–929
handheld cable checkers, 929
impedance, 931
pulse width, 931
TDR, 930–931
velocity, 931–932
topologies, 219
traceroute command, 462–476
traffic, 47
troubleshooting, 918
auditing, 926
documentation, 918–920
maintenance, 921–922
problem resolution cycle, 922–926
Unix. See Unix
upgrading
avoiding sidetracks, 54–55
closing, 54
deploying, 53–54
determining needs, 43–46
documenting planning, 49
executing pilot programs, 52
maintaining support, 47
mapping, 48–49
measuring success, 51
planning, 49
restoring, 51
scheduling downtime, 51
setting goals, 50
surveying users, 46–47
testing, 51–52
tracking, 54
training, 54
verifying corporate standards, 50
VLANs, 138
explicit tagging, 141–143
IEEE switch standards, 144–145
implicit tagging, 141
MAC addresses, 142
port-based, 140
protocol rule-based, 142–143
topologies, 138–139
VPNs. See VPNs
WANs (wide area networks)
back doors, 863
forged email, 862
passwords, 862–863
PHY, 216
preventing attacks, 853–854
protocols, 36
routers, 161
security, 864–869
Trojan horses, 855
types of attacks, 857–862
viruses, 855–862
wireless. See wireless networks
802.11-based. See 802.11-based networks
adapters, installing, 321–326
AMA, 1112
APs, 284–286
definition, 302
LANs, connecting to, 298
interference, 290
manual client configuration, 38
needs, determining, 297
PANs, 356
public places, 305–306
public spaces, 988
radio wave transmission, 286
security. See wireless networks, security
Service Pack 2 wireless network setup wizard, 1137
setup wizard, 1137
SOHO. See SOHO
spread-spectrum technologies, 286–287, 1102
topologies of, 14–15
New Local Group dialog box, 674
New Object-Group dialog box, 700
New Object-User dialog box, 687
New Printer Detection dialog box, 797
new technologies, 44–45
new top-level domains, 545
New User dialog box, 675–676
newsgroups, 919
NEXT (near-end cross-talk), 80, 928, 1098
NFS (Network File System), 595, 610, 1037–1038
configuring, 613
daemons, 614–617
procedures, 612–613
RPC, 610–611
server-side daemons, 616–621
troubleshooting, 621–622
XDR, 612
nfsstat commands, 622
NICs (network interface cards), 104
Asset/Power Management components, 110
autosensing, 109
base I/O ports, 118
connectors, 109–110
hardware bus types, 104–108
information, searching, 120
IRQ, 116–118
load balancing, 114
multi-homed systems, 113
Remote Wake-Up component, 111–113
software drivers, 114–116
troubleshooting, 119–124
WfM, 110
WOL, 110
NIS (Network Information Service), 553, 713, 1043–1044
clients, 718
domainname command, 715–716
master/slave servers, 714
slaves, 717–718
starting, 716–717
yp commands, 718
ypserve daemon, 715
NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), 909
NMS (network management station), 943
NNI (Network-Node Interface), 246
-nobsd parameter, 772
nodes
5-4-3 rule, 204
hidden node problems, 289
ring topologies, 15
-nofork parameter, 772
noise, testing, 928
nominal velocity of propagation, 80
nonauthenticated commands, 448
nonmaskable interrupts, 106
nonmicrosoft clients, 607
nonbroadcast multiple access (NBMA), 382
nonshared topologies, 21–22
nonvolatile memory (NVRAM), 159
North American Digital Hierarchy, 242
NOS (network operating system), 750
notebooks
802.11g wireless network adapters, 1137
CardBus, 108
notifying users of network upgrades, 53
Novell, 1111
Netware. See Netware
Open Enterprise Server, 1077–1078
security, 846–848
Novell Advanced Audit Service (NAAS), 848–849
Novell Directory Service (NDS), 45, 524, 1119
NPRINTER.NLM, 802
nslookup command, 476–477
nslookup utility, 550–551
NT (Windows)
ActiveState ActivePerl 5.6, 1043
domains
controllers, 669
models, 669–672
replication between controllers, 680–681
trust relationships, 666–668
workgroups, 665–666
Event Log, 778
Event Viewer, 683–684
groups, 672
adding users, 676
assigning membership, 675
built-in user groups, 673
creating, 674
Korn Shell command, 1038–1040
NTFS, 736
printers, 781
share-level permissions, 724
Telnet, 1042–1043
trust relationships, 1051
Unix, 1024–1027
users
accounts, managing, 675–681
name mapping, 1041
permissions, 725–730
Windows 2000
centralized/decentralized management, 1054–1055
domain controllers, 1051–1052
member servers, 1051–1052
migrating, 1050–1051
modeling directories, 1052–1053
namespaces, 1053
NTBugTraq, 1114
null packet, 340
numbers
options, 369
ports, 875–876
numerical reply codes, FTP, 410–411
NVRAM (nonvolatile memory), 159
NVT (Network Virtual Terminal), 419–420
O-P
OASIS OpenDocument format, 1075
OBEX (object exchange protocol), 334
Object Push profile, 344
objects
Active Directory, 557–558, 562–563
modifying schema, 573–580
naming, 564
schema, 573
searching, 581–585
standard, 563–564
COM, 571
databases, 1123
IPP, 753
leaf, 1053
NetWare, 741–742
network, 941–943
operations, 754
OUs, 1053
printer properties, 800–802
PrintQueue, 579
security, 665–666
User, 562
User Account, 690
Observer, 938
odd parity, 220
ODI (Open Data-link Interface), 115
OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing), 304
off-site storage, 66–67
offered windows, 392
Office (Microsoft), 1131
office applications
CrossOver Office, 1076
Microsoft Office Student and Teacher Edition 2003, 1131
OpenOffice.org, 1075–1077, 1131
selecting, 1132
StarOffice, 1075–1077
StarOffice 8 Suite, 1131
WordPerfect Office X3, 1131
one-time migration, 1010
one-way synchronization sessions, 1007–1010
online documentation, 922
opcodes for ARP frames, 382–383
Open Data-Link Interface (ODI), 115
open e-mail relays, 449
Open Mobile Alliance (AMA), 1112
open office cabling, 99
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), 642–643
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), 559, 1082
open-source security issues, 350
opening files, 599
OpenLDAP, 1124
OpenOffice.org, 1075–1077, 1131
OpenVMS, 9
Operating System tab, 695
operating systems. See OSs
operations
fiber-optic cables, 89
IPP, 754
optical storage, 63–64
optimizing
dial-up connections, 238
documentation, 922
NAS, 165
response time, 33
Option classes, 506
optional attributes, 563
options
Call Back, 679
classes, 369
DHCP, 491–493
fields (BOOTP), 485–488
IP, 368–369
numbers, 369
Telnet negotiations, 420–423
Verify Database Consistency, 537
Options Type field, 658
OSI (Open Systems Interconnect), 559, 1082
networking model, 1082–1084
Reference model, 360–364
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), 642–643
OSs (operating systems), 751
BOOTP, 482
packet formats, 483–484
client/server exchanges (DHCP), 493–496
customizing DHCP, 491–493
DHCP, 489–491
downloading, 488
options fields, 485–488
request/reply mechanisms, 484–485
Linux
auditing, 829–832
CUPS, 773
DHCP, 517
FTP, 414–417
GUI utility, 709–713
ifconfig command, 456–457
man pages, 1072
monitoring, 829–832
netstat command, 471–476
Netware integration, 1072–1078
NIC, 119–121
permissions, 745–746
root account, 457
SOHO, 1133–1134
transitioning to, 35
users, 744–748
NFS, 1037–1038
configuring, 613
daemons, 614–617
procedures, 612–613
RPC, 610–611
server-side daemons, 616–621
troubleshooting, 621–622
XDR, 612
SOHO. See SOHO
Unix. See Unix
upgrading, 1047–1049
Windows. See Windows
out-of-service testing, 244
outlets, configuring, 93–94
overall project plans, 36
overloading
indicators, 61
options (DHCP), 492
p-node clients, 533
pac command, 767
Packet Drivers, 115
Packet Header field, 339
packets
Bluetooth, 339–340
BOOTP, 483–484
Configure-Request, 235
DHCP, 491–493
DHCPINFORM, 496
ethernets
802.2 LLC standard, 211–213
802.3 standard, 210
Ethernet II/PARC, 209–210
frames, 208
intrusion detection, 877
routers, 156
magic, 112–113
page messages, 338
Palms, 348
Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), 196, 209–210
PAM (Password Authentication Manager), 1040
PANs (personal area networks), 197, 334, 356
paper documentation, 922
PAR (Project Authorization Request), 188
parameters
-debug, 772
-nobsd, 772
-nofork, 772
passwords, 681–682
Unix, 760
PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), 196, 209–210
partitioning Active Directory, 565–566
parity checks, 220
park mode, 338
partial mesh topologies, 18
partial synchronization, 680
partner servers, 535
pass-through authentication, 667
passband technologies, 263
passive open connections, 388
password Authentication Manager (PAM), 1040
passwords, 817–820
clear-text, 818
construction guidelines, 820–821
default passwords, changing, 319
grabbers, 821–822
interdomain trust relationships, 666–668
account lockouts, 821
expirations, 821
history lists, 821
managing, 730–736
smart cards, 862–863
synchronizing, 1040–1041
tracking, 665
Unix, 706
Windows NT, 681–683
patches (panels), 95, 98, 1099
Pathworks, 9
pattern hopping, 335
Payload Type (PT), 246
PC cards, 108
PC-cillin Internet Security suite, 1115
PCF (Point Coordination Function), 289
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), 104–107, 118
PCL (Printer Control Language), 750
PCL.SEP, 779
PCMCIA, 107
PCS (Physical Coding Sublayer), 216
PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants)
BlackBerries, 349
features of, 348–349
overview, 348
portable media centers, compared, 349
smartphones, compared, 349
PDCs (primary domain controllers), 570, 669, 1056–1057
PDU (Protocol Data Unit), 1122
peer-to-peer networking models, 665
performance
cables, 83
NAS, 165
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), 104–107, 118
permanent virtual connection (PVC), 246
permissions
cumulative effects of, 736
Linux, 744–748
NetWare, 740
comparing NDS/file system rights, 742
Everyone group, 744
file system rights, 740–741
inheritance of rights, 743–744
object/property rights, 741–742
trustees, 740
SGID, 746–748
share-level, 722–724
SUID, 746–748
Unix, 744–748
user-level, 722–730
personal area networks (PANs), 197, 334, 356
Personal Digital Assistants. See PDAs
Personal Information Managers (PIMs), 344
personnel, network upgrades, 53
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), 910, 913
phones
2.4GHz cordless telephone, 989
smartphones, 349
PHY (Physical layer), 216, 1083
802.11 networks, 288
ATM, 247
IEEE 802, 190–191
IEEE 802.11 standards, 1095
Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS), 216
physical interface cards (PICs), 159
Physical layer. See PHY
physical measures (network security), 816–817
Physical Media Dependent (PMD), 216, 247
physical networks, planning, 39
physical topologies, 12, 139, 203
Piano, 334
piconets, 335–337
PICs (physical interface cards), 159
PID (process ID), 761
pilot programs, 52
PIMs (Personal Information Managers), 344
ping command, 400, 458–462, 621, 874
Ping of Death, 861–862
piracy, 811
pitfalls of troubleshooting, 926
Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), 261
planning
components, 36–39
disaster recovery, 68
logical network design, 31–34
maintenance, 40
migration
arranging domains, 1050–1051
BDCs, upgrading, 1061
centralized/decentralized management, 1054–1055
domain controllers, 1051–1052
implementing to Active Directories, 1055
joining trees, 1057
master domain model, 1057–1060
member servers, 1051–1052
modeling directories, 1052–1053
namespaces, 1053
PDCs, upgrading, 1056–1057
networks
avoiding sidetracks, 54–55
closing, 54
deploying, 53–54
documenting upgrades, 49
executing pilot programs, 52
measuring success, 51
restoring, 51
scheduling downtime, 51
setting goals, 50
testing, 51–52
training, 54
upgrading, 42–49
verifying corporate standards, 50
physical networks, 39
upgrading, 1047–1049
PLOGI (Port Login), 175–177
plugs, 92
PMD (Physical Media Dependent), 216, 247
Point Coordination Function (PCF), 289
point-to-point connections (leased lines), 240–244
Fractional T1, 243
T-carrier system, 242–243
troubleshooting T-carrier system, 243–244
Point-to-Point Protocol. Se PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE), 196, 316
auditing, configuring
Windows 2000/2003, 836–841
Windows NT 4.0, 832–835
security, 810
acceptable use statements, 811–813
elements to include, 815–816
escalation procedures, 814
guidelines for usage, 813
Network Connection Policy, 810–811
passwords, 821
poll packets, 340
pools (printers), 774
POP3 (Post Office Protocol), 443–445
Port Forwarding/Triggering dialogs, 320
Port Login (PLOGI), 175–177
portable media centers, 349
ports
back doors, 863
base I/O, 118
filtering, 875–876
FTP, 405
identifiers, 174
IP addresses, 397
legacy compatibility, 200
numbers, 611
routers, 157
switches, 128
TCP, 397–398
UDP, 397–398
uplink, 970
VLAN (virtual LAN), 140
Windows NT, 775–776
Positive Completion replies, 409
Positive Intermediate replies, 409
Post Office Protocol (POP3), 443–445
post-implementation reviews, 43
PostScript, 750
POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service), 261
power conditioning, 58–62
Power Management component, 110
power problems (SOHO networks), 949–950
power strips, 949
Power SUM, 80
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), 229–233, 316
frames, 233
RFCs, 232
LCP, 234–236
NCP, 236
Windows 2000 Professional Client, 236–238
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet), 196, 316
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
selecting for wireless networks, 316
VPNs, 899–900
pr command, 760
PRBS (pseudorandom binary sequence), 930
Pre-Shared Key (PSK), 353
Preboot Execution Environment (PXE), 110
predefined groups, 699
Presentation layer, 1084
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), 910, 913
prevention
attacks
digital certificates, 650–651
WANs, 853–863
down time, 33
maintenance
backups, 62–67
disaster recovery, 68
documenting, 69
network monitoring, 62
NICs, 124
redundancy, 68
routine, 67
UPS, 58–62
network congestion, 253–254
security measures, 865–866
host computers, 866–867
routers, 865–866
training, 868
Tripwire, 867–868
updating, 869
virus-checking applications, 867
PRI (Primary Rate Interface), 240
primary domain controllers (PDCs), 570, 669, 1056–1057
primary servers, 546–549
Print Operators group, 673
Print Server, 777–781
Printer Control Language (PCL), 750
printers
auditing, 841
events, 835
naming, 776
Properties, 777–792
searching, 584
Server Properties, 785–792
sharing, 777
troubleshooting, 923
Unix/Linux compared to NetWare, 1073
Web browsers, 792–793
Windows NT, 781
printing
FORTRAN, 759
hardware-based print servers, 803–805
IPP, 752–753
languages, 750–751
NetWare, 799–800
NPRINTER.NLM, 802
properties, 800–802
PSERVER.NLM, 802
print server applications, 803–805
protocols, 750–751
BSD, 758–767
IPP, 753–755
TCP/IP, 751
statistics, 767
Unix, 768–773
Windows 2000, 781–793
Windows NT 4.0, 775–781
Windows print servers
adding printers, 775–781
printers/printing devices, 773–775
Windows XP Professional, 795–799
PrintQueue object, 579
privacy, 908
private keys, 649–650
privileges, 1054. See also rights
problem resolution cycle, 922–926
NFS, 612–613
security, 810
troubleshooting, 925
process ID (PID), 761
process of elimination, troubleshooting, 925–926
profiles, 333
Bluetooth, 340–344
Cordless Telephony, 342–343
Dial-Up Networking, 343
Generic Access, 341–342
Headset, 343
Intercom, 342–343
Serial Port, 343
Service Discovery Application, 342
users, 676–677
Project Authorization Request (PAR), 188
properties, 1054
Document, 777–781
FTP, 1029
NetWare, 741–742
Print Queue object, 800–801
Printer, 777–781
Printer object properties, 801–802
property set attribute, 1054
proprietary extensions
802.11a, 305
802.11b, 293–294
802.11g, 327–328
protection. See security
protocols, 750–751
analyzers, 932–933
decoding protocols, 934
establishing baselines, 933–934
filtering protocols, 934
hardware, 939–940
software, 934–939
statistical data, 934
ARP, 363
Bluetooth, 345
client/server exchanges (DHCP), 493–496
DHCP, 489–493
downloading operating systems, 488
options fields, 485–488
packet formats, 483–484
relay agents, 508–510
request/reply mechanisms, 484–485
support, 507
BSD, 758–767
configuring routers, 978
DAP, 560
DECnet, 197
allocation, 489
APIPA, 514–515
authorizing servers, 497–499
client/server exchanges, 493–496
clustering, 510
configuring, 504–507
customizing, 491–493
daemons, 517–518
DNS, 511–513
exclusions/reservations, 513–514
installing servers, 497
large/routed environments, 510–511
leasing servers, 491
managing logging, 516–517
MMC Action menu, 499–504
Red Hat Linux, 517
troubleshooting, 515–516
DISP, 560
DOP, 560
DSP, 560
EGP, 636
file servers, 594–595
filtering, 874–875
FTP, 404–405
commands, 407–408
data transfers, 406–407
firewalls, 424
ports/processes, 405
Red Hat Linux, 414–417
replies, 409–411
TFTP, 417–419
Windows command-line clients, 411–414
HELLO, 636
HTTP, 629–630
IGMP, 363
IGP, 636
IMAP4, 445–449
client commands, 446
commands, 448–449
data formatting, 447
mailbox naming, 447
states, 447
system flags, 446
universal commands, 447
addressing, 365–374
ARP, 380–385
connections, 365
datagram headers, 366–369
Fibre Channel, 172
implementing, 366
proxy ARP, 385
RARP, 385
SANs, 180–181
subnetting, 375–377
supernetting, 378–380
unacknowledged protocol, 365
unreliable protocol, 365
IPCP, 236
IPP, 752–753
installing, 755
object types, 753
operations, 754
Version 1.1, 755
Windows 2000, 788
IPv6, 659
comparing to IPv4, 654–655
extension headers, 656–658
headers, 655–656
Options Type field, 658
IPXCP, 236
ISAKMP, 896
L2CAP, 341
LAN, 36
LCP, 232–236
binding requests, 1122–1123
comparing databases, 1123–1124
databases, 1123
directories, 1124
interoperability between directories, 1124–1125
metadirectories, 1125
X.500, 1118–1121
limitations, 976
LMP (Link Manager Protocol), 341
lpr/lpd, 751
multi-protocol label switching, 643–644
name resolution, 525
NAS, 168
NCP (NetWare Core Protocol), 232, 236, 608–609
burst mode, 609
requests/responses, 609
terminating, 610
NetWare version 6, 35
configuring, 613
daemons, 614–617
procedures, 612–613
RPC, 610–611
server-side daemons, 616–621
troubleshooting, 621–622
XDR, 612
OBEX, 334
OSI, 559
POP3, 443–445
PPP, 229–233
configuring Windows 2000 Professional Client, 236–238
LCP, 234–236
NCP, 236
RFCs, 232
RIP, 637–638
router updates, 639–640
scalability, 641–642
version 2, 640–641
RMON (Remote Monitoring Protocol), 62, 364
SAP, 802
SDP, 341
selecting, 33–34
SLIP, 229–231
SMB, 595–596
CIFS, 607–608
files, 599–601
negotiation, 598–599
NET commands, 601–607
Samba, 607
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 364, 436–438
commands, 439–441
extensions, 439
models, 438–440
response codes, 441–442
transactions, 442–443
MIB, 941–943
primitives, 941
proxy agents, 943
RMON, 944–946
SNMPv2/SNMPv3, 943–944
Spanning Tree, 26
stateful, 612
stateless, 612
configuring sessions, 389–390
connections, 386
ending sessions, 394–395
headers, 386–388
LANs, 34–35
managing sessions, 390–394
security, 395
sessions, 388
TCP/IP
name resolution, 541–552
OSI Reference model, 360–364
Unix, 751
TCS, 341
Telnet, 419
authentication, 423–424
commands, 420–423
NVT, 419–420
TFTP, 417–419
headers, 395
ICMP interaction, 396
UNIX, 1018–1019
BOOTP, 1030–1032
DHCP, 1030–1032
FTP, 1025–1027
telnet, 1024
Telnetxxx, 1020–1025
VLAN, 142–143
VPNs, 895
AH, 897–898
ESP, 898–899
IKE, 896–897
IPSec, 895–896
L2TP, 900–901
PPTP, 899–900
WANs, 36
protocols Data Unit (PDU), 1122
proxy agents, 943
proxy applications, 882–883
proxy ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 385
proxy servers, 113, 533, 879–881, 885
Proxy Settings dialog box, 881
PSCRIPT.SEP, 779
PSERVER.NLM, 802
pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS), 930
PSK (Pre-Shared Key), 353
PSTN (public switched telephone network), 76, 203, 238, 242, 261–262, 343
PT (Payload Type), 246
Public group, 744
public places, wireless networks, 305–306
public switched telephone network (PSTN), 76, 203, 238, 242, 343
pulling records, 537
pulse width, configuring, 931
pushing records, 537
PVC (permanent virtual connection), 246
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 110
Q-R
QoS (Quality of Service), 53, 645
queries
Active Directory, 557–558
global catalog, 571
names, 533
Quick Setup (NetWare), 800
quoted strings, 447
r-commands (Unix), 818
-r command, 772
R-utilities, 425
authorization, 425–426
rcp, 429–430
rlogin, 426–428
rsh, 428–429
ruptime command, 430–431
rwho command, 430
radio frequencies (RFs), 80, 1102
radio frequencies interference (RFI), 80
radio wave transmissions, 286
RADSL (Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line), 263
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disk), 33, 62–63
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol), 363, 385, 483, 714
RAS (Remote Access Service), 679, 894–895
Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line, 263
rates, collisions, 217
rcp (Remote Copy) utility, 429–430
RDN (relative distinguished name), 564, 1121–1123
READ command, 599
Receiver-SMTP, 438
records
CNAME, 549
exporting, 538
pulling, 537
pushing, 537
wiring, 100
recovering, 43
disasters, 68
Telnet, 1021
Red Hat Linux, 1111
DHCP, 517
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 414–417
reducing collisions, 219
Redundant Array of Independent Disk (RAID), 33, 62–63
registering
client names, 530–532
ports, 387–398
relationships (trusts), 565
interdomain trusts, 666–668
local domain groups, 672
managing, 566
partitioning, 565–566
two-way transitive trust, 1051
relative distinguished name (RDN), 564, 1121–1123
relay agents
BOOTP, 508–510
DHCP, 518
reliability, testing, 33
remote access service (RAS), 679, 894–895
remote access VPN, 894
Remote Copy (rcp) utility, 429–430
remote locations, 977
Remote Monitoring (RMON), 135, 364, 944–946
remote printers, 771
remote procedure calls (RPCs), 610–611
Remote Shell (rsh) utility, 428–429
Remote Wake-Up component, 111–113
repeaters, 148, 969–970, 975, 1100
replication
Active Directory, 570
directories, 1052
domain controllers, 680–681
partners, 535
push/pull, 537
WINS, 529
Report System Compatibility dialog box, 1067
reports, 919. See also documentation
auditing, 848
finger utility, 431–432
network upgrades, 54
wiring, 101
Request for Comments. See RFCs
request to send (RTS), 289
request/reply mechanisms (BOOTP), 484–485
requests
LDAP, 1122–1124
NCP, 609
requirements
attributes, 563
network upgrades, 46–47
SOHO, 1128–1130
Windows 2003 Server, 1062–1063
reservations
addresses, 504
DHCP, 513–514
resistance, testing, 928
resolution
names
hardware/protocol address comparisons, 525
NetBIOS, 525–533
NIS, 553
TCP/IP, 541–552
Windows 2000 Server, 552
problem resolution cycle, 922–926
resources
assigning, 1055
directories, 1052–1053
domains, 670
mapping, 48–49
owners, 817
protections, 818–819
records, 546–549
response codes, 439–442
response time, optimizing, 33
REST command, 444
restart command, 766
restoring
databases, 538
networks, 51
RETR command, 444
reusing addresses, 495
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP), 363, 385, 483, 714
reverse-paths, 438–439
rewritable (RW) discs, 65
RF (radio frequency), 1102
RFCs (Request For Comments), 40, 193, 232, 561, 628, 815, 1108, 1244
2145, 629
2519, 629
2831, 629
2935, 629
3229, 629
3230, 629
3310, 629
822, 560
PPP, 232
RFI (radio frequencies interference), 80
.rhosts files, 425–426
rights
administrative, 1054
groups, 736–737
NetWare, 740
Everyone group, 744
file systems, 740–741
inheritance of, 743–744
NDS/file systems, comparing, 742
objects/properties, 741–742
trustees, 740
Windows 2000, 728–729
Windows NT, 728–729
adding users to groups, 676
assigning group memberships, 675
built-in user groups, 673
creating user groups, 674
groups, 672
managing user accounts, 675–681
ring topologies, 15–17
rings, 83
RIP (Routing Information Protocol), 637–638
router updates, 639–640
scalability, 641–642
v1 versus v2, 638–642
workings, 637
risk, 37
RJ-45 connectors, 968
rlogin utility, 426–428
RMON (Remote Monitoring), 62, 135, 364, 944–946
rmuser command, 707
rogue Access Points, 355
roles
gateway, 343
terminal, 343
Windows 2003 Server, 1064–1065
roots
accounts (Unix/Linux), 457
DFS, 623–625
rotation schedules, 65–66
round-trip timing, 203
Route Tag field, 641
routers, 148, 975. See also routing
border, 642
choosing, 1131
Cisco products, 158–161
configuring, 158–159
connections, 156
DHCP, 519–522
Ethernet switches, 126
firmware, updating, 320
hierarchical network organization, 149
integrated switches, 134
Internet, 161–162
IPs, 317
Juniper M160, 160
LANs
connecting to WANs, 980
delegating responsibilities, 155–156
sizes, 151–154
LSRs, 644–645
modems, controlling routers, 158
multiple LANs, creating, 208
network segments, 979–980
OSPF, 642–643
physical connections, 157
ports, 157
preventive security measures, 865–866
protocols, 150
selecting, 151
SOHO, 884
updates, 639–640
upgrading from bridges, 974–978
addressing issues, 978–979
management issues, 979
network protocol issues, 978
VPN support, 904–905
WANs, 161
wireless routers, 294–295
routine maintenance, 67
routing. See also routers
CIDR, 640
IP addresses, 369–371
CIDR, 378–380
Class A, 372
Class B, 373
Class C, 373
Class D, 373–374
Class E, 373–374
subnetting, 375–377
supernetting, 378–380
IPv6, 657
loose source, 369
protocols, 636
strict source, 369
switching, 644
topologies, 22
Routing Information Protocol. See RIP
rpcbind daemon, 610
RPCs (remote procedure calls), 610–611
RS232 modem controls, 158
RSA public key encryption, 911–912
RSET command, 440
rsh (Remote Shell) utility, 428–429
RTS (request to send), 289
RTS/CTS, 289
rules
5-4-3, 204
ethernet networks, 200
ruptime command, 430–431
rwho command, 430