In order to leverage the power of any programming language, libraries are essential. They provide a convenient and tested implementation of many algorithms. In this book, we will be using Python 3.6 along with the following libraries: NumPy, for its excellent implementation of numerical operators and matrices; Pandas, for its convenient data manipulation methods; Matplotlib, to visualize our data; scikit-learn, for its excellent implementations of various machine learning algorithms, and Keras to build neural networks, utilizing its Pythonic, intuitive interface. Keras is an interface for other frameworks, such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, and Theano. The specific versions of each library used in this book are listed as follows:

• numpy==1.15.1
• pandas==0.23.4
• scikit-learn==0.19.1
• matplotlib==2.2.2
• Keras==2.2.4