Table A. Basic SI units 360

Table B. Small number SI units 361

Table C. Large number SI prefixes 361

Table D. Deprecated prefixes 361

Table E. Derived units 362

Table F. Units without special names 362

Table G. Tolerated units 363

Table H. Obsolete units 363

Table 1.1. Storage – climatic conditions 7

Table 1.2. Storage – special climatic conditions 8

Table 1.3. Storage – biological conditions 8

Table 1.4. Storage – chemically active substances 9

Table 1.5. Storage – mechanically active substances 10

Table 1.6. Storage – mechanical conditions 10

Table 1.7. Transportation – climatic conditions 11

Table 1.8. Transportation – biological conditions 12

Table 1.9. Transportation – chemically active substances 12

Table 1.10. Transportation – mechanically active substances 13

Table 1.11. Transportation – mechanical conditions 14

Table 1.12. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – climatic conditions 15

Table 1.13. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – special climatic conditions 16

Table 1.14. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – biological condition 16

Table 1.15. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – chemically active substances 17

Table 1.16. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – mechanically active substance 17

Table 1.17. Operational – weather protected stationary equipment – mechanical conditions 18

Table 1.18. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – climatic conditions 19

Table 1.19. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – climatic conditions 20

Table 1.20. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – biological conditions 20

Table 1.21. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – chemically active substances 21

Table 1.22. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – mechanically active substances 21

Table 1.23. Operational – non-weather protected stationary equipment – mechanical conditions 22

Table 1.24. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – climatic conditions 23

Table 1.25. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – biological conditions 25

Table 1.26. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – chemically active substances 25

Table 1.27. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – mechanically active substances 26

Table 1.28. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – mechanical conditions 26

Table 1.29. Operational – ground vehicle equipment – contaminating fluid 27

Table 1.30. Operational – shipborne equipment: climatic conditions 28

Table 1.31. Operational – shipborne equipment – biological conditions 29

Table 1.32. Operational – shipborne equipment – chemically active substances 29

Table 1.33. Operational – shipborne equipment – mechanically active substances 30

Table 1.34. Operational – shipborne equipment – mechanical conditions 31

Table 1.35. Operational – portable equipment – climatic condition 32

Table 1.36. Operational – portable equipment – special climatic conditions 33

Table 1.37. Operational – portable equipment – biological condition 33

Table 1.38. Operational – portable equipment – chemically active substances 34

Table 1.39. Operational – portable equipment – mechanically active substances 34

Table 1.40. Operational – portable equipment – mechanical conditions 35

Table 1.41. Basic envionmental conditions 36

Table 1.42. Equipment situations 37

Table 2.1. Ambient temperature – storage 46

Table 2.2. Ambient temperature – transportation 47

Table 2.3. Ambient temperature – operational 48

Table 3.1. Mean daily extraterrestrial global irradiation (kWh/m²) 72

Table 3.2. Typical peak values of irradiance in W/m² from a cloudless sky 76

Table 3.3. Solar radiation – storage 79

Table 3.4. Solar radiation – transportation 80

Table 3.5. Solar radiation – operational 81

Table 4.1. Humidity – external humidity levels 93

Table 4.2. Humidity – storage 96

Table 4.3. Humidity – transportation 97

Table 4.4. Humidity – operational 98

Table 5.1. Air pressure and altitude 117

Table 5.2. Classes of altitude relative to sea level 118

Table 5.3. Normal air pressure related to altitudes above and below sea level 119

Table 5.4. Air pressure and altitude – storage 120

Table 5.5. Air pressure and altitude – transportation 121

Table 5.6. Air pressure and altitude – operational 122

Table 5.7. Preferred combinations of temperature, air pressure and duration 128

Table 5.8. Preferred combinations of temperature, air pressure and duration 132

Table 6.1. Water and precipitation – storage 139

Table 6.2. Water and precipitation – transportation 140

Table 6.3. Water and precipitation – operational 141

Table 6.4. Test Ra1: Artificial rain – test severity 149

Table 6.5. Test Ra2: Drip box – test severity 149

Table 6.6. Test Rb1: High intensity dropfield – test severity 150

Table 6.7. Test Rb2: Oscillating tube, variant 1 – test severity 150

Table 6.8. Test Rb2: Oscillating tube, variant 2 – test severity 151

Table 6.9. Test Rb2: Hand-held shower – test severity 151

Table 6.10. Test Rb: Hosing – test severity – flow rates and nozzles 151

Table 6.11. Test Rb3: Hosing – test severity – duration 152

Table 6.12. Test Rc1: Water tank – test severity 152

Table 6.13. Test Rc2: Pressurised water chamber – test severity 153

Table 6.14. Summary of test characteristics 154

Table 6.15. Typical characteristics of water with approximate values 153

Table 7.1. Representative concentrations of sulphur dioxide at a range of locations 161

Table 7.2. Concentration of dust and sand 162

Table 7.3. Storage – flora and fauna 171

Table 7.4. Storage – mechanically active substances 171

Table 7.5. Storage – chemically active substances 172

Table 7.6. Transportation – flora and fauna 174

Table 7.7. Transportation – mechanically active substances 174

Table 7.8. Transportation – chemically active substances 175

Table 7.9. Operational – flora and fauna 176

Table 7.10. Operational – mechanically active substances 177

Table 7.11. Operational – chemically active substances 179

Table 8.1. Minimum requirements (on or near the roadside) 202

Table 8.2. Short-term exposure to shocks 202

Table 8.3. Long-term exposure to shocks 202

Table 8.4. Minimum requirements (encapsulated outdoor installations) 202

Table 8.5. Minimum requirements (closed rooms) 203

Table 8.6. Equivalent sinusoidal maximum conditions 204

Table 8.7. Minimum requirements (tractive units and other vehicles) 203

Table 8.8. Minimum requirements (vehicles) 205

Table 8.9. Minimum requirements (other locations) 205

Table 8.10. Mechanical – storage 208

Table 8.11. Mechanical – transportation 209

Table 8.12. Mechanical – operational 211

Table 8.13. Examples of pulse shapes and test severities 219

Table 8.14. Examples of severities typically employed for various applications 221

Table 8.15. Examples of test severities typically employed 226

Table 8.16. Random vibration test standards 227

Table 8.17. Examples of test severities 240

Table 8.18. Examples of test severities typically employed for various applications 243

Table 9.1. r.m.s. test voltage values 245

Table 9.2. Waveform of normally permitted voltage surges 246

Table 9.3. Primary main (a.c.) requirements 249

Table 9.4. Accumulator battery supplies 249

Table 9.5. Voltage supply variations 250

Table 9.6. Maximum permitted a.c./d.c. variations 250

Table 10.1. Atmospheric discharges 258

Table 10.2. Power supply transients 258

Table 10.3. Permitted transient surges 259

Table 10.4. Overvoltage characteristics 259

Table 10.5. Test severity – power supply lines 260

Table 10.6. Magnetic field intensities 260

Table 10.7. Harmonic contents 261

Table 10.8. EMC testing: a comparison of the test alternatives 281

Table 11.1. Maximum (annoyance) noise levels 289

Table 11.2. Noise levels found in everyday life 292

Table 11.3. Maximum (annoyance) noise levels at work 292

Table 11.4. Results of vibration on the human body 296

Table 11.5. Light intensity 298

Table 11.6. Recommended values for the reflectance of various surfaces 299

Table 11.7. Luminance (contrast) ratios 299

Table 11.8. Recommended air temperature for tasks requiring different levels of physical effort 300

Table 11.9. Recommended rate of air change 301

Table 11.10. Examples of chemical substances that are known to produce cancer 302

Table 11.11. Materials – maximum temperature 304

Table 12.1. Conditions governing acceptance of railway products for use 314

Table 12.2. Quality requirements 324