1.1. Trade performances in real terms 6

1.2. Real economic growth 7

1.3. Share of GDP by industry 7

1.4. Investment 11

2.1. The triple bottom line of business sustainability 39

5.1. Integrated model of business sustainability 126

1.1. Singapore and Asian economies compared in key labour market dimensions 9

1.2. Number of organisations by type 13

1.3. Number of organisations by sector 15

1.4. Focus groups by number and type of organisations 16

1.5. Summary of case organisations willing to be identified 18

2.1. International examples of long-existing companies 34

4.1. List of key words (core values) 88

4.2. Key challenges faced by organisations (n = 50) 89

4.3. Reasons why organisations become unsustainable (n = 50) 91

4.4. Key measurements taken by organisations (n = 50) 96

4.5. Company reactions during the post-2008 economic crisis (n = 635) 98

4.6. Effects of retrenchment on employer brand (n = 409) 99

4.7. Risk management strategies adopted by organisation (n = 50) 101

4.8. Greatest challenges for organisations over the next five years (n = 50) 106

5.1. Laughlin’s organisational elements 127

6.1. HRM-related key challenges, measures, risk management strategies and future challenges given by organisations 136