5. Organize information in columns and tables

In Word documents, text is most commonly presented in paragraph form. To make certain types of information more legible, you can arrange it in two or more columns or display it in a table. For example, flowing text in multiple columns is a common practice in newsletters, flyers, and brochures, whereas presenting information in tables is common in reports.

When you need to present facts and figures in a document, using columns or tables is often more efficient than describing the data in a paragraph, particularly when the data consists of numeric values. You can display small amounts of data in simple columns separated by tabs, which creates a tabbed list. Larger amounts of data and data that is more complex are better presented in table form—that is, in a structure of rows and columns, frequently with row and column headings. Tables make data easier to read and understand.

This chapter guides you through procedures related to presenting information in columns and tables, creating tabbed lists, and formatting tables.

You can format text to flow in columns

Columns can be divided by empty space or by vertical lines. When you format text to flow in columns, the text fills the first column on each page and then moves to the top of the next column. When all the columns on one page are full, the text moves to the next page. You can manually adjust the text flow within columns and across pages so it looks the way you want.

The Columns gallery in the Page Setup group on the Layout tab displays several standard options for dividing text into columns. You can choose one, two, or three columns of equal width or two columns of unequal width.

The Columns gallery displays the predefined column options

If the standard options don’t suit your needs, choose More Columns. This opens the Columns dialog box, where you can specify the number and width of columns. The number of columns is limited by the width and margins of the page. Each column must be at least a half inch (or 0.27 centimeter) wide.

For more options, you can open the Columns dialog box

You can format an entire document or a section of a document in columns. When you select a section of text and format it in columns, Word inserts section breaks at the beginning and end of the selected text to delineate the area in which the columnar formatting is applied. Within the columnar text, you can insert column breaks to specify where you want to end one column and start another. Section and column breaks are visible when you display hidden formatting marks in the document.

You apply character and paragraph formatting to columnar text in the same way you do to any other text. Here are some formatting tips for columnar text:

• When presenting text in columns, justify the paragraphs to give the page a clean and organized appearance. When you justify text, Word adjusts the spacing between words to align all the paragraphs in the document with both the left and right margins.

  

  Justify text in columns for a clean look

  See Also

  For information about justifying paragraphs, see “Apply paragraph formatting” in Chapter 4, “Modify the structure and appearance of text.”

• You can change the column widths, minimizing the space between columns. That way, you can fit more text on the page. You can choose to change the column widths in the entire section, in the entire document, or from the current cursor location to the end of the document.

  Tip

  Selecting the Line Between check box in the Columns dialog box inserts a vertical line between columns. This can more clearly denote the separation of the columns, which is especially helpful if you have reduced the space between columns to fit more content on a page.

  

  Wider columns display more content and generally look neater on the page

• To lessen the amount of white space within a line, you can set up Word to hyphenate the text and break longer words into syllables.

  

  When hyphenating a document, you can specify whether you want to allow stacked hyphens at the ends of consecutive lines of a paragraph

• To emphasize a certain portion of the text, you can indent it in the column.

  

  You can change the indentation of individual paragraphs within a column

• You can manually break columns. When you break a column, the text after the break moves to the top of the next column. You might manually break a column to even out the text along the bottom of the page or if you just want certain text to appear at the top of the next column.

  

  Manually break columns to even out the text at the end of a page

To lay out text in columns

1. Do either of the following:

   • To format only a section of the document, select the paragraphs that you want to display in columns.

   • To format the entire document with the same number of columns, position the cursor anywhere in the document—you don’t have to select the text.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Page Setup group, select Columns.

3. In the Columns gallery, do either of the following:

   • Select one of the thumbnails to flow the selected text into that column configuration.

   • At the bottom of the gallery, select More Columns to display the Columns dialog box. Make the adjustments you want, and then select OK.

To justify column text

• Select the columns you want to align. Then do either of the following:

  • On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, select the Justify button.

  • Press Ctrl+J.

  See Also

  For more information about keyboard shortcuts, see “Keyboard shortcuts” at the end of this book.

To resize columns

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the columnar text.

2. On the Layout tab, at the bottom of the Columns gallery, select More Columns to open the Columns dialog box.

3. In the Width box for any of the columns, enter or select a new width. The Width measurements for the other columns change to match, and the width of all the columns changes. The columns in the Preview thumbnail reflect the new settings.

4. When the column width is changed to your satisfaction, select OK.

Or

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the columnar text.

2. On the horizontal ruler, drag the margins to expand or contract the columns to the width you want.

   Tip

   To display the rulers, select the Ruler check box in the Show group on the View tab.

To hyphenate document content

• On the Layout tab, in the Page Setup group, select the Hyphenation button, and then select Automatic to hyphenate the text of the document.

To change the indentation of a paragraph in a column

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the paragraph you want to indent.

2. To change the left indentation, do any of the following on the horizontal ruler:

   • Drag the column’s First Line Indent marker to the right to indent only the first line of the paragraph.

   • Drag the column’s Hanging Indent marker to the right to indent all but the first line of the paragraph.

   • Drag the column’s Left Indent marker to the right to indent all lines of the paragraph.

3. To change the right indentation of all lines of a paragraph, drag the column’s Right Indent marker to the left.

To insert a column break

1. Position the cursor at the beginning of the line you want to flow to the next column.

2. In the Page Setup group of the Layout tab, select Breaks, and then select Column to insert a column break. The text that follows the column break moves to the top of the next column.

If some text items in the list are longer than others, the columns might not line up at first. You can align the text within the columns by using left, right, centered, or decimal tab stops.

An easy way to present data is to create a tabbed list

When entering text in a tabbed list, many inexperienced Word users simply press the Tab key multiple times to align the columns of the list with the default tab stops. This approach offers no control over the column widths, however. In addition, if you change the text between two tabs, you might inadvertently misalign the next section of text. To be able to fine-tune the columns, you must set custom tab stops rather than relying on the default ones.

When setting up a tabbed list, you first enter the text, pressing Tab only once between the items that you want to appear in separate columns. Then you apply any necessary formatting, such as bold formatting, so you can accurately set the column width. You can also adjust the spacing of the list—for example, to make it single-spaced. To set the list apart from the rest of the document, you can indent it. Finally, you can set custom tab stops—left (the default), right, centered, or decimal—to align the text in each column. By setting the tabs in order from left to right, you can check the alignment of the text within each column as you go.

To create a tabbed list

1. Open a document to which you want to add a tabbed list, and display formatting marks and the rulers.

2. Position the cursor in the document where you want to create the tabbed list, enter the text that you want to appear in the top line of the left column, and press Tab.

3. Enter the text you want to appear in the top line of the second column, and press Tab.

4. Repeat this action for each additional column you want to create. After you enter the text for the top line in the final column, press Enter.

5. Add more lines to the list by entering your content and pressing the Tab key to move to the next column or the Enter key to move to the next row.

6. When you have finished creating the list, select the entire list.

7. Set the custom tab stops you want for the list.

To format column headings for a tabbed list

1. Select the first line of the tabbed list.

2. Do one of the following:

   • On the Mini Toolbar that appears, or in the Font group on the Home tab, select the Bold, Italic, or Underline button, or select the Font Color arrow and then the color you want to apply.

   • Press Ctrl+B to apply bold, Ctrl+I to apply italic, or Ctrl+U to apply underlining.

To indent a tabbed list

1. Select all the lines of the tabbed list, including the headings.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Paragraph group, in the Indent area, enter or select a value in the Left box.

To change the alignment of a column

1. Select all the lines of the tabbed list.

2. On the horizontal ruler, double-click any tab marker to open the Tabs dialog box.

3. In the Tab stop position box, select the tab stop you want to change and then, in the Alignment area, select the alignment you want.

4. In the Tabs dialog box, select OK.

You can create tables in a Word document in the following ways:

• To create a blank table of up to 10 columns and eight rows, you can display the Insert Table gallery and menu. The gallery is a simple grid that represents columns and rows of cells. When you point to a cell in the grid, Word outlines the cells that would be included in a table created by selecting that cell and displays a live preview of the prospective table. Selecting a cell in the grid inserts an empty table the width of the text column. The table has the number of rows and columns you indicated in the grid, with each row one line high and all the columns of an equal width.

• To create a more customized empty table, use the Insert Table dialog box. Here, you can specify the number of columns and rows and the width of the table and its columns.

• To manually create an empty table, use the Draw Table feature, available from the Insert Table menu. When you select this option, the cursor shape changes to a pencil, which you use to draw cells directly in the Word document to create a table. Word snaps the drawn cells to a grid for uniform sizing and spacing of the rows and columns. You can adjust these manually

  Tip

  When drawing a table, you can display the rulers or gridlines to help guide you in placing the lines. For more information about rulers, see “Display different views of documents” in Chapter 2, “Create and manage documents.” For information about controlling document gridlines, see “Arrange objects on a page” in Chapter 10, “Organize and arrange content.”

  Important

  Assistive devices such as screen readers can usually access content in tables that are created by using the Insert Table command but not in manually drawn tables. Consider the limitations of these devices if you want your document to meet accessibility requirements.

• To present data that already exists in the document (either as regular text or as a tabbed list) as a table, you can use the Convert Text To Table feature. When you do, Word prompts you to specify the number of columns; whether the column width should be fixed or if AutoFit settings should apply; and whether columns should correlate to paragraph marks, commas, tabs, or some other character.

• You can insert an existing table from a recently edited document by selecting the table in the From File area at the bottom of the Insert Table menu. If you want to reuse a table from any Office document stored on your OneDrive or SharePoint site, you can insert it by using the Tap feature.

A table appears in a document as a set of cells, usually delineated by borders or gridlines. Each cell contains an end-of-cell marker, and each row ends with an end-of-row marker. You can easily move and position the cursor in the table by pressing the Tab key or the arrow keys or by clicking or tapping in a table cell.

When you point to a table, a move handle appears in its upper-left corner and a size handle in its lower-right corner. When the cursor is in a table, two Table Tools tabs—Design and Layout—appear on the ribbon.

A table has its own controls and tool tabs

After you create a table in Word, you can enter data (such as text, numbers, or graphics) into the table cells. You can format the data in a table as you would any other text in Word, changing the font, aligning the text, and so on. You can also sort data in a table. For example, in a table that has the column headings Name, Address, Postal Code, and Phone Number, you can sort on any one of those columns to arrange the information in alphabetical or numerical order.

When you want to perform calculations on numbers in a Word table, you can create a formula by using the tools in the Formula dialog box.

To use a function other than SUM in the Formula dialog box, you select the function you want in the Paste Function list. You can use built-in functions to perform a number of calculations, including averaging (AVERAGE) a set of values, counting (COUNT) the number of values in a column or row, or finding the maximum (MAX) or minimum (MIN) value in a series of cells.

You can easily create a formula to calculate a value in a table

Although formulas commonly refer to the cells above or to the left of the active cell, you can also use the contents of specified cells in formulas by entering the cell address in the parentheses following the function name. The cell address is a combination of the column letter and the row number. For example, A1 is the cell at the intersection of the first column and the first row.

A series of cells in a row can be addressed as a range consisting of the first cell and the last cell separated by a colon, such as A1:D1. For example, the formula =SUM(A1:D1) totals the values in row 1 of columns A through D. A series of cells in a column can be addressed in the same way. For example, the formula =SUM(A1:A4) totals the values in column A of rows 1 through 4. You can also use constants in formulas.

You can modify a table’s structure in many ways, including the following:

• Insert rows or columns With Word 2019, you can insert a row or column with just one step. Adding multiple rows and columns is also very easy.

  

  Inserting a row or column takes only one step

• Insert cells You can insert cells in a Word table. When you do, you must specify the direction in which adjacent cells should move to accommodate the new cells.

• Resize an entire table You can easily make a table larger or smaller, maintaining its original aspect ratio if you want.

• Resize a single column or row You can drag to resize a single column or row. For finer control, you can use the commands in the Cell Size group on the Layout tool tab.

• Merge and split cells You can merge cells so they span multiple columns or rows. For example, to enter a title for a table in the table’s first row, you could merge the cells in that row to create one merged cell that spans the table’s width. You could then enter the title in the merged cell. For added flair, you could even center the title. In addition to merging multiple cells to create a single cell, you can split a single cell to create multiple cells. When you do, you must specify the number of columns and rows into which you want to split the cell.

• Delete table elements You can delete table elements, including cells, columns, rows, and the entire table, from the Mini Toolbar or the Layout tool tab.

  

  You can delete table elements from the Mini Toolbar

To quickly create a table of up to 10 columns and 10 rows

1. Position the cursor where you want to insert the table.

2. On the Insert tab, in the Tables group, select Table.

3. In the Insert Table gallery, point to (don’t select) a cell in the gallery to preview the effect of creating the table in the document.

   

   The intended table dimensions (expressed as columns x rows) are shown in the gallery header

4. Select a cell to create a blank table consisting of the selected number of columns and rows.

To create a custom table

1. Position the cursor where you want to insert the table.

2. On the Insert Table menu, select Insert Table to open the Insert Table dialog box.

   

   You can create a custom table from the Insert Table dialog box

3. In the Table size area, enter or select the number of columns and the number of rows you want the table to have.

4. In the AutoFit behavior area, do any of the following, and then select OK:

   • Select Fixed column width, and then specify a standard width for the table columns.

   • Select AutoFit to contents to size the table columns to fit their contents. The width of the resulting table can be less than the width of the page.

   • Select AutoFit to window to create a table that fits within the page margins and is divided into columns of equal size.

To draw a table

1. On the Insert Table menu, select Draw Table. The cursor changes to a pencil.

2. In the document, point to the location where you want the upper-left corner of the table to be, and then click or tap to start the table.

3. Move the cursor to the location where you want the lower-right corner of the table to be, and then click or tap to complete the table footprint. If there is text within the footprint of the table, it moves to accommodate the table.

4. Point to the table borders and then select + to create columns and rows.

5. When you finish adding columns and rows, press the Esc key to turn off the table-drawing function.

To insert a table from a shared document

1. Position the cursor where you want to insert the table.

2. Do either of the following:

   • On the Insert tab, in the Tables group, select Table and then More Tables from Files.

   • On the Insert tab, in the Tap group, select Document Item.

3. In the Insert From File pane, select Tables.

4. In the Search Tables on OneDrive & SharePoint box, enter terms relevant to the table you want to locate.

5. Scroll the pane to locate the file that contains the table you want to insert, and then below the file thumbnail, select Choose Tables.

6. In the list that appears, locate the table you want to insert, and then below the table thumbnail, select Insert Table.

To enter data in a table

1. Position the cursor in the cell in which you want to enter data.

2. Enter the data.

3. Continue entering data in cells, pressing the Tab key or the arrow keys to move from cell to cell.

To navigate within a table

• With the cursor in a table cell, do either of the following:

  • Press the Tab key or the arrow keys to move the cursor to the next cell in the row, or from the last cell of a row to the first cell of the next row.

  • Press Shift+Tab to move the cursor to the previous cell.

To convert a tabbed list to a table

1. Select the tabbed list.

2. On the Insert tab, in the Tables group, select Table, and then select Convert Text to Table.

   

   You can cleanly convert content separated by paragraph marks, tabs, commas, or any single character that you specify

3. In the Convert Text to Table dialog box, verify that the Number of columns box displays the number of columns you want, and then select OK.

   Tip

   Conversely, you can convert a table to regular text by selecting the table and selecting Convert To Text in the Data group on the Layout tool tab.

To add calculations to a table cell

1. Position the cursor in the cell to which you want to add a calculation.

2. On the Layout tool tab, in the Data group, select Formula to open the Formula dialog box.

3. If the rows above the selected cell contain numeric data, the Formula box contains a simple formula for adding the numbers in the rows above the cell. To apply a different formula, delete the existing formula and choose a different formula from the Paste function list.

4. Verify that the parentheses following the function name include the correct cells, and then select OK.

To update a calculation in a table

• In the cell that contains a calculation you want to update, right-click the formula results and select Update Field.

To align text in a table cell

1. Select the cell or cells that you want to align.

2. On the Layout tool tab, in the Alignment group, select an alignment button to align the text in the cell.

To sort data in a table

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. On the Layout tool tab, in the Data group, select Sort.

3. In the Sort dialog box, do the following, and then select OK:

   1. In the Sort by area, select the primary column by which you want to sort the content, the content type (Text, Number, or Date) if necessary to set the correct numeric sorting order, and Ascending or Descending.

   2. In the Then by area, select and configure up to two additional nested sorting criteria.

To select table cells

• To select a single cell, double-click in the cell.

• To select multiple cells, select the first cell you want to select, and then do either of the following:

  • To select adjacent cells, hold down the Shift key, and select the last cell you want to select. The first cell, the last cell, and all the cells in between will be selected.

  • To select non-adjacent cells, hold down the Ctrl key, and select each additional cell you want to select. All these cells will be selected.

To select table columns

• To select a single column, point to the top of the column. When the cursor changes to a downward-pointing arrow, click to select the column.

• To select multiple columns, when the cursor changes to a downward-pointing arrow, click to select the first column. Then do either of the following:

  • To select adjacent columns, hold down the Shift key, and then click to select the last column.

  • To select non-adjacent columns, hold down the Ctrl key, and then click to select each additional column.

To select table rows

• To select a single row, point to the left edge of the row. When the cursor changes to an upward-pointing arrow, click to select the row.

• To select multiple rows, when the cursor changes to an upward-pointing arrow, click to select the first row. Then do either of the following:

  • To select adjacent rows, hold down the Shift key, and then click to select the last row.

  • To select non-adjacent rows, hold down the Ctrl key, and then click to select each additional row.

To select a table

• Point to the table to display the move handle, and then select the move handle.

To resize a table column

• Point to the right border of the column you want to resize. When the cursor changes to a vertical line with arrows on each side, select and drag the border to the left or right to make the column narrower or wider.

• Double-click the right border of a column to adjust the width so that it is as narrow as possible while accommodating the contents of the column.

• Position the cursor in the column you want to resize. Then, on the Layout tool tab, in the Cell Size group, change the Width setting.

To resize a table row

• Point to the bottom border of the row you want to resize. When the cursor changes to a horizontal line with arrows on each side, drag the border up or down to make the row shorter or taller.

• Position the cursor in the row you want to resize. Then, on the Layout tool tab, in the Cell Size group, change the Height setting.

To resize a table

1. Point to the table.

2. Select the size handle that appears in the lower-right corner of the table and drag it inward to make the table smaller or outward to make it larger.

   Tip

   To maintain the table’s original aspect ratio, hold down the Shift key as you drag.

To insert a table column

1. Point to the top of the table where you want to insert a column. A gray insertion indicator with a plus sign appears.

2. Point to the plus sign. Then, when it turns blue, select it to insert a column where indicated.

To insert multiple table columns

• Select the number of columns you want to insert in the table, adjacent to the location you want to insert them. Then do either of the following:

  • On the Mini Toolbar that appears, select Insert, and then select Insert Left or Insert Right.

  • On the Layout tool tab, in the Rows & Columns group, select Insert Left or Insert Right.

To insert one table row

• To insert a row at the end of a table, position the cursor in the last cell of the last row, and then press Tab to create a new row with the same formatting as the previous row.

Or

1. Point to the left of the table where you want to insert a row. A gray insertion indicator with a plus sign appears.

2. Point to the plus sign. When it turns blue, click it to insert a row where indicated.

To insert multiple table rows

• Select the number of rows you want to insert in the table, adjacent to the location you want to insert them. Then do either of the following:

  • On the Mini Toolbar that appears, select Insert, and then select Insert Above or Insert Below.

  • On the Layout tool tab, in the Rows & Columns group, select Insert Above or Insert Below.

To insert table cells

1. Select the number of cells you want to insert adjacent to the location where you want to insert them.

2. Select the Rows & Columns dialog box launcher on the Layout tool tab to open the Insert Cells dialog box.

   

   When inserting less than a full row or column, you must specify the movement of the surrounding cells

3. Specify the direction to move adjacent cells to accommodate the new cells, and then select OK.

To merge table cells

1. Select the cells you want to merge.

2. On the Layout tool tab, in the Merge group, select Merge Cells to combine the selected cells into one cell.

To split table cells

1. Select or place the cursor in the cell or cells you want to split.

2. On the Layout tool tab, in the Merge group, select Split Cells.

3. In the Split Cells dialog box, enter or select the number of columns and the number of rows you want to create from the selected cell or cells, and then select OK.

   

   Specify the number of columns and rows into which you want to split the selected cell or cells

To delete table elements

• Select one or more cells, columns, or rows that you want to delete. Then do either of the following:

  • On the Mini Toolbar that appears, select Delete, and then select Delete Cells, Delete Columns, or Delete Rows.

  • On the Layout tool tab, in the Rows & Columns group, select Delete and choose from the same set of options.

To delete a table

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. On the Mini Toolbar or on the Layout tool tab, in the Rows & Columns group, select Delete.

In Word 2019, the Table Styles gallery is divided into sections for plain tables, grid tables, and list tables

The Table Styles gallery includes three categories of styles:

• Plain Tables These have very little formatting.

• Grid Tables These include vertical separators between columns and horizontal separators between rows.

  

  An example of a simple grid table

• List Tables These do not include vertical column separators.

If you want to control the appearance of a table more precisely, you can use the commands on the Design and Layout tool tabs for tables to format the table elements. For example, you can do the following:

• Apply formatting to emphasize the header row and total row.

  

  You can apply special formatting to emphasize the header and total rows

• Apply formatting to emphasize the first and last columns.

  

  You can also apply special formatting to emphasize the first and last columns in the table

• Apply formatting to the rows or columns so they appear banded.

  

  Applying banding can help to differentiate the text in each row or column

• Apply a border to a cell, row, column, or table.

  

  A heavy border applied to a row

• Change the shading of a cell, row, or column.

  

  Set off specific content by using unique shading

You can apply character formatting—for example, making text bold or changing the font color—to the text in tables just as you would to regular text: by selecting buttons on the Mini Toolbar and in the Font, Paragraph, and Styles groups on the Home tab.

To apply a table style to a table

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. On the Design tool tab, in the Table Styles group, select the More button to expand the gallery of available table styles.

3. Scroll through the gallery and preview styles that you like.

4. Select a thumbnail to format the table to match the thumbnail. The selected thumbnail moves to the visible row of the Table Style gallery on the ribbon.

To apply special formatting to the header or total row

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. In the Table Style Options group, select the Header Row or Total Row check box.

   Tip

   When you choose options in the Table Style Options group, the thumbnails in the Table Styles gallery are updated to reflect your selections.

To apply special formatting to the first or last column

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. In the Table Style Options group, select the First Column or Last Column check box.

To apply banding to table rows or columns

1. Position the cursor anywhere in the table.

2. In the Table Style Options group, select the Banded Rows or Banded Columns check box.

To add a border to a table element

1. Select the cell, row, or column to which you want to add a border, or select the whole table.

2. On the Design tool tab, in the Borders group, in the Line Weight list, select a border thickness.

3. In the Borders group, in the Borders list, select the border option you want.

To change the background color of a table element

1. In the table, select the cell, row, or column to which you want to add a background color.

2. In the Table Styles group, in the Shading list, select a color swatch.

The introduction includes a complete list of practice files and download instructions.

1. Select all the paragraphs except the heading and the first paragraph.

2. Lay out the selected text in three columns. Notice that a section break precedes the columns.

3. Justify all the text in the document except for the title.

4. With the cursor in the first column on the first page, use the commands in the Columns dialog box to change the spacing to 0.2”, applying the change to this section only.

5. Turn on automatic hyphenation for the document.

6. In the third column, change the hanging indent of the NOTE paragraph so that the text after the first line indents at the first mark (0.125”).

7. At the bottom of page 1, insert a column break at the beginning of the Take your Room Planner home paragraph in the first column.

8. At the bottom of the third column on page 1, insert another column break at the beginning of the If you’re not sure paragraph.

9. Save and close the document.

1. On the blank line at the end of the document, enter Location, press Tab, enter Discount Applies, press Tab, enter Hourly Rate, and then press Enter.

2. Add three more lines to the list by typing the following text, pressing the Tab key between each row entry, and the Enter key at the end of each row.

   In home	No	$50.00
   Phone	Yes	$35.00
   In store	Yes	$40.00

   Apply bold formatting to the first line of the tabbed list.

3. Select all four lines of the tabbed list, including the headings.

4. Change the left indent of the list to 0.5” and the spacing after each line to 0 pt.

5. With the entire list still selected, set a centered tab at the 2.5-inch mark and a right tab at the 4.5-inch mark.

6. Save and close the document.

1. On the second blank line below Please complete this form, insert a table that contains five rows and five columns.

2. Merge the five cells in the first row into a single cell and center-align the cell content. Then enter Consultation Estimate in the cell as a table title.

3. Insert the following text in the cells of the second row, and then format the text as bold:

   Type

   Location

   Consultant

   Hourly Rate

   Total

   Insert the following text in the cells of the third row:

   Window treatments

   In home

   Joan Lambert

   $50.00

   $50.00

   Add two rows to the end of the table.

4. Merge the first four cells of the last row of the table into a single cell. Enter Subtotal in the cell, and then align the word with the center-right edge of the cell.

5. Create two new rows with the same formatting as the Subtotal row. Enter Add trip charge in the first cell of the first new row, and Total in the first cell of the second new row.

6. In each cell to the right of Subtotal and Total, enter the SUM formula and display the formula results.

7. In the cell to the right of Add trip charge, enter $10.00. Then update the results in the Total cell.

8. At the end of the document, under the In-Home Trip Charge heading, convert the tabbed list to a table.

9. Resize the columns to fit their longest entries.

10. In the last row of the table, replace the existing text in the first cell with 50+ miles, and replace the existing text in the second cell with Email for an estimate.

11. Add a third cell to the last row, and enter [email protected] in that cell.

12. Save and close the document.

1. Select the table, and then display the Table Styles gallery.

2. Apply the Grid Table 4 – Accent 1 table style (the second thumbnail in the fourth row of the Grid Tables section) to the table.

3. Apply the table style options to the header row, total row, first column, and last column.

4. Apply banded formatting to the table rows.

5. Add an outside border to the last row in the table. The border should have the line style that features a thick line on top and a thin line below it, with a line weight of 3 points.

6. Apply orange shading to the last row of the table.

7. Save and close the document.