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by John Watkinson
Introduction to Digital Audio, 2nd Edition
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Halftitle
Title
Copyright
Contents
Preface to the second edition
1. Introducing digital audio
1.1 Audio as data
1.2 What is an audio signal?
1.3 Why binary?
1.4 Why digital?
1.5 Some digital audio processes outlined
1.6 Time compression and expansion
1.7 Error correction and concealment
1.8 Channel coding
1.9 Audio compression
1.10 Disk-based recording
1.11 Rotary-head digital recorders
1.12 Digital audio broadcasting
1.13 Networks
2. Some audio principles
2.1 The physics of sound
2.2 Wavelength
2.3 Periodic and aperiodic signals
2.4 Sound and the ear
2.5 The cochlea
2.6 Mental processes
2.7 Level and loudness
2.8 Frequency discrimination
2.9 Frequency response and linearity
2.10 The sine wave
2.11 Root mean square measurements
2.12 The deciBel
2.13 Audio level metering
3. Digital principles
3.1 Binary codes
3.2 Introduction to digital logic
3.3 The computer
3.4 Timebase correction
3.5 Multiplexing
3.6 Gain control
3.7 Digital faders and controls
3.8 A digital mixer
3.9 Filters
3.10 FIR filters
3.11 Sampling-rate conversion
3.12 Transforms and duality
3.13 The Fourier transform
3.14 The discrete cosine transform (DCT)
3.15 Modulo-n arithmetic
3.16 The Galois field
3.17 The phase-locked loop
4. Conversion
4.1 Introduction to conversion
4.2 Sampling and aliasing
4.3 Reconstruction
4.4 Filter design
4.5 Choice of sampling rate
4.6 Sample and hold
4.7 Sampling clock jitter
4.8 Aperture effect
4.9 Quantizing
4.10 Quantizing error
4.11 Basic digital-to-analog conversion
4.12 Basic analog-to-digital conversion
4.13 Alternative convertors
4.14 Oversampling
4.15 Oversampling without noise shaping
4.16 Noise shaping
4.17 Noise-shaping ADCs
4.18 A one-bit DAC
4.19 One-bit noise-shaping ADCs
5. Compression
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Lossless and perceptive coding
5.3 Compression principles
5.4 Codec level calibration
5.5 Quality measurement
5.6 The limits
5.7 Some guidelines
5.8 Audio compression tools
5.9 Sub-band coding
5.10 Transform coding
5.11 Compression formats
5.12 MPEG Layer I
5.13 MPEG Layer II
5.14 MPEG Layer III
5.15 MPEG-2 AAC
6. Digital coding principles
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Types of transmission channel
6.3 Transmission lines
6.4 Types of recording medium
6.5 Magnetic recording
6.6 Azimuth recording and rotary heads
6.7 Optical and magneto-optical disks
6.8 Equalization and data separation
6.9 Slicing and jitter rejection
6.10 Channel coding
6.11 Simple codes
6.12 Group codes
6.13 Randomizing and encryption
6.14 Synchronizing
6.15 Basic error correction
6.16 Concealment by interpolation
6.17 Parity
6.18 Block and convolutional codes
6.19 Cyclic codes
6.20 Introduction to the Reed–Solomon codes
6.21 Correction by erasure
6.22 Interleaving
6.23 Product codes
7. Transmission
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The AES/EBU interface
7.3 Channel status
7.4 User bits
7.5 MADI–Multi-channel audio digital interface
7.6 Fibre-optic interfacing
7.7 Synchronizing
7.8 Asynchronous operation
7.9 Routing and networks
7.10 Networks
7.11 FireWire
7.12 Broadband networks and ATM
7.13 Introduction to NICAM 728
7.14 Audio in digital television broadcasting
7.15 Packets and time stamps
7.16 MPEG transport streams
7.17 Clock references
7.18 Program Specific Information (PSI)
7.19 Introduction to DAB
8. Digital audio tape recorders
8.1 Rotary versus stationary heads
8.2 PCM adaptors
8.3 Introduction to DAT
8.4 DAT specification
8.5 DAT block diagram
8.6 Track following in DAT
8.7 DAT data channel
8.8 Multi-channel rotary-head recorders
8.9 Stationary-head recorders
8.10 DASH format
8.11 DCC – Digital Compact Cassette
10. Digital audio editing
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Editing with random access media
10.3 Editing on recording media
10.4 The structure of an editor
10.5 Timecode
10.6 Locating the edit point
10.7 Editing with disk drives
10.8 Editing in DAT
10.9 Editing in open-reel digital recorders
10.10 Jump editing
11. Optical disks in digital audio
11.1 Types of optical disk
11.2 CD and MD contrasted
11.3 CD and MD – disk construction
11.4 Rejecting surface contamination
11.5 Playing optical disks
11.6 Focus and tracking systems
11.7 Typical pickups
11.8 CD readout in detail
11.9 How optical disks are made
11.10 How recordable MiniDiscs are made
11.11 Channel code of CD and MiniDisc
11.12 Error-correction strategy
11.13 Track layout of MD
11.14 Player structure
Glossary
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