13.1.1 The Use of IoT During COVID-19

Internet of Things (IoT) is the method of linking intelligent (i.e., internetconnected) devices to the internet and rendering them unobtrusive. On the floor, IoT is a general-purpose computing network where several different types of computers interact with each other and exchange data via a universal programming language.

The information is gathered and then exchanged with other devices to improve user satisfaction. Here, we explore how IoT has had on everyone’s daily lives, the advantages of IoT [1–7], and how it works inside the IoT network.

IoT has been part of our daily routine. Generally, this is being used for five different purposes: consumer, commercial, industrial, military, and infrastructure (“Internet of Things”).

13.1.2 Consumer IoT

This type of IoT benefits the user by making their lives easier. These equipment, lights, and aids to communication can be found in homes, and Breville and BrewBrewGenie have invented automated espresso and coffee-making apps that allow you to prepare the brew while you are away from the kitchen. With these new tools, you do not have to brew your own coffee.

13.1.3 Commercial IoT

Traditionally, company applications are found in the transportation and healthcare sectors. For example, the health industry makes use of smart pacemakers and patients’ vehicle transport vehicles to track the cardiovascular system, and the same IoT devices are used in industry (across all modes of transport). Patients using pacemakers that are embedded will be able to safely transmit data from home by way of the IoT will be able to consult with their doctors whenever they want.

13.1.4 Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)

New technology, such as automated control systems, agriculture, and the use of big data in the industrial sector, are used to boost industry norms. Tracking the amount of moisture in the soil has decreased water use by 30%.

13.1.5 Infrastructure IoT

The battle robots use these systems to establish human-consumable surveillance. Efforts have been made to insert protocol chips into soldiers so that they can gain access to military bases, establishing a secure system with IoT devices.

13.1.6 Role of IoT in COVID-19 Response

IoT during CVID has helped in getting a better handle on infected patients through intertwined and linked systems. Now that the disease has been identified, the industry has naturally opted to maintain the flow of information to contain it.

13.1.7 Telehealth Consultations

It could be theorised that Coron doctors introduced video consultation to avoid the spread of Coron disease if there were no longer any physical meetings to be held. There is no question that advanced methods of health-care delivery allow us to keep patients at home for long periods of time, especially those with viral infections, where they can more effectively deal with their illnesses instead of being in the hospital for days. Since the E-coli outbreak, they have been able to see patients up to 620 a day, every day.

13.1.8 Digital Diagnostics

The number of IoT implementations uses diagnostics as a back-up. The Kinsetic is the only thermometer capable of mapping where outbreaks of the virus occur in the United States. Stripped-down thermometers may be useful data sharing tools for health professionals and governments to help protect populations from heat-related illness.

13.1.9 Remote Monitoring

Remotely embedded devices designed to track elderly patients who are at higher risk of dying of the Coronavirus have been able to discover innovative to exceed their budget; the first quarter revenue projection of $65 million has been invested in remote monitoring.

13.1.10 Robot Assistance

The rise of the IoT would facilitate the use of IoT robots. Robots will help decontaminate the machines, freeing up health-care workers’ time for quality work. UVD robotics has begun producing patient care robots and hospital cleaning and theatre sanitization IoT machines. Although the COVID-19 has had taken to keeping their health care facilities spic and span, China has also kept up their caring practises.

On the whole, the spread of the pandemic has acted as a motivator for the adoption of IoTs in healthcare. Growing senior citizens, IoT has the ability to track and assist in day-to-day activities. Let us take the example of a Fitbit, which is also capable of measuring the consumer’s calorie intake, determining the number of steps, blood pressure, and maintaining appointment reminders, for example. Many with heart disease or diabetes will benefit from these wireless devices, too.

COVID is notorious for production difficulties dating back to the spring of 2019, when the need for toilet paper and hand sanitizer were as acute as they are today.

Before they are able to administer shots, there are questions about whether the industrial supply chain can provide dry ice-filled pharmaceutical vials, cold storage space, and a long list of related products in a timely manner that is efficient enough.

Many of these issues can be minimised with sensors and actuators in addition to data analytics to track vaccine production.

Jared Weiner of VDC Research stated in an interview with FierceElectronics the difficulty of coping with people and producing the same with automation.

According to a May survey of more than 250 engineers and operators, 85% reported having had experienced supply chain disruption due to COVID-19, while 67% reported having reduced their output for their organization. Industries ranging from automobiles to building and heavy machinery, to consumer electronics were covered.

Consequently, 40% of the companies decreased the number of their on-site staff, but the others introduced new hardware and software to allow remote workers to function more effectively. In a variety of cases, IIoT increases quality, according to Weiner.

Weiner commented that some companies started to produce services such as pivoting during March and April of this year, when many distilleries began to make the switch to hand sanitizer.

Therefore, he said, “The ability to pivot on information technology is highly dependent on having been operationalized.”

So, a company can quickly build a digital version of a real-world operation and continue with testing and improvements without rolling out the original. Managers like Siemens said companies could build digital counterparts to physical products by using their products like MindSphere.

The consequence of COVID CO’s actions is that financial and organizational efficiency have become a much higher priority for businesses.

IIoT adoption continues to accelerate, with 35% reporting that their company has already started an IIoT program, with 27% of them saying that it is a large-project underway.

In the case of a pandemic, a company could introduce better production automation, instead of mandating that a plant maintenance worker use diagnostics on site. With COVID-19, there is a near-term urgency to keep staff from the site, but it also a much-longer long-term imperative to keep the operation streamlined.

Newby (USA investment firm) puts his tongue firmly in his cheek and says, “Today, tomorrow, and who knows about the rest of the week?” Actuators collect data; sensors turn the data through analysis, so manufacturers profit most from sensors and actuators. If you have sensors that generate loads of data, but do not analyze it effectively, then you have already squandered all your resources and investments.

The absolute need of AI, machine learning, machine learning, and advanced analytics and analytics is on the forefront. On the other hand, Covid has quite a significant effect, and the ability to help mitigate it. Data analysis and observations begin everything.

But while the overall IIoT movement is increasing, recent industry insights warrant a re-assessment. Manufacturers of smart sensors and other semic components for the auto industry began to return to an operational state in the second quarter, resulting in 3Q being good for the semiconductor market. By the end of 2020, however, Omdia forecasts automobile sales to be in the double digits.

Meanwhile, medical device manufacturers are expected to see increases in revenue, while other sectors will see mixed results, according to the Omdia analyst Kevin Anderson. In times of market volatility, investment appears to remain away from capital projects.

Not a positive news for the semiconductor industry: According to Infon Technologies, the automotive sector performed better than anticipated since the beginning of the summer. On the other side, the firm added, “machines in factories remain in the red”

Omia CEO Paul Pickering, however, said the industrial semiconductor sector does move slowly relative to the automotive and wireless sectors, and is highly diverse.

Pickering added, “Industrial semic providers have started to see a steady increase in demand for business during the first half of the year.”

“On the other hand, IIoT in the industrial sector is lagging behind.” An optimistic view of Covid is not supposed to have much of an impact over a short period of time.

According to Pickering, the pandemic has produced various outcomes for different industries: pharmaceuticals and medical, for example, have seen more growth. But adoption of factory 4.0 implemented networks will be hindered by the new 5G standards for industry, he mentioned. Measurement and test device growth will be lessened or delayed.

West talking about decades here, not years. “Covid can be a double-edged sword for IIT,” concluded Alex West. But since plants have shut down, there has been the potential to repurpose and update old machinery.

West added, “Covid will contribute to IIoT adoption in the short term, but could turn out to be a net drain.”

Industry 4.0 utilizes wireless automation to enhance performance. But in a world of increased cybersecurity risk, are the challenges of IIoT worth adopting this technology.

Industry 4.0, the revolution of industrial processes through smart technology, is all about wireless automation to enhance performance. But in a world of increased cybersecurity risk.

13.2.1 How IIoT is Being Used

The innovative potential of IIoT is virtually limitless. However, there are three primary categories in which this technology is applied within industries to promising results. These categories are remote monitoring, predictive maintenance, and automation.

Here are examples of IIoT shown in Figure 3.2 uses in each of these three categories to give you a better idea of what properly implemented smart devices can achieve.

13.2.2 Remote Monitoring

Radar-level sensors provide local displays so that operators can easily manage levels through a singular dashboard. These systems make for easy measuring points on moving and rotating machinery, so operators are constantly fed real-time data regarding the equipment’s functionality.

This, in turn, gives insights into overall equipment life-cycles and repair needs, allowing for predictive maintenance.

13.2.3 Predictive Maintenance

In the power industry, drones [30] with equipment monitors and sensors are being used to monitor powerline networks and evaluate risks. These drones can anticipate scenarios such as estimating when a tree is likely to fall on a line, resulting in costly maintenance and repair. That way, companies will be informed before the damage is done. In this fashion, predictive maintenance enables cost-effective repairs and intervention before the damage is even done.

One vital use of automation via IIoT is smart irrigation in industrial farming. Water is a precious resource, but farmers typically have to keep a consistent watering schedule to ensure proper plant care. Smart irrigation systems, however, are automating this process while conserving water. The IIoT device reads moisture levels in the soil and reports to the sprinkler system when water is needed. This way, water, money, and time are all saved.

These three categories of IIoT implementation give industries unprecedented precision and efficiency with the right application. Unfortunately, however, businesses must first overcome the challenges.

13.3.1 Health and Safety Monitoring Will Accelerate Automation and Remote Monitoring

Safety for factory workers has been paramount this year, and that will continue through 2021. Many manufacturers have risen to the challenge of operating with social distancing and safety precautions in place to protect their people, and remote sensors and cameras have been important components in making factories safer. Others will need to do the same in 2021 to reduce the risk of outbreaks and shutdowns.

For example, combining camera coverage with door and activity sensors can allow plant security teams to make sure that workers are following safe traffic patterns through the building during shift changes. These sensors can also alert managers if there is unexpected activity in areas that are off-limits due to disinfection requirements or restricted to key personnel.

The pandemic has accelerated the trend toward automation and remote monitoring in other ways, too. As more facilities adopt these tools to protect their workforce and remain competitive, they are seeing how easy it is to add sensor capabilities and collect data that they can use to automate and monitor repetitive tasks [1]. This is another way to protect worker health while leveraging efficiency gains. For example, if you can automate and remotely monitor a repetitive task that you used to have five people doing in the same room, those people are now free to work on higher value tasks, presumably at a safe distance. We expect this trend to continue through 2021 and beyond.

13.3.2 Integrating Sensor and Camera Data Improves Safety and Efficiency

Another trend we expect to accelerate [10, 11] is pairing multiple types of sensors in the same location, aka sensor fusion. Sensor fusion can overcome one of the biggest challenges of relying on data from one type of device: Whether it is a video camera, a wireless motion sensor, or a remote temperature sensor, each device provides one kind of data with little or no other context.

For example, a video feed that shows an employee leaving a walk-in cooler door open cannot also show whether the temperature inside the cooler then rose to an unsafe level. If the cooler had a networked temperature sensor installed, then a manager could review the temperature while the door was left open to see if food safety had been compromised. If the sensor had a threshold set, then it could even notify the manager immediately if the temperature went out of safe range—and the video would show the manager why it happened.

Integrating sensor and camera data can show us more than the camera can see on its own, and as remote monitoring of workplaces continues to matter for safety, this type of integration is becoming more valuable to manufacturers, foodservice companies, and other employers.

Besides alerting managers to potential safety risks, combined sensor data can also help companies work more efficiently. For example, an air conditioner thermostat in a workspace that is set to turn on at 68° can stay off if nearby movement activity sensors indicate there is no one in the room. In a time of economic uncertainty, integrated sensor data can deliver efficiency gains and cost savings to help companies stay viable.

13.3.3 IIoT-Supported Safety for Customers Reduces Liability for Businesses

IIoT sensor networks [12–15] can also improve customer safety and compliance for businesses like restaurants, transportation companies, pharmacies, and clinics that need to store or move products at carefully maintained temperatures.

For example, remote temperature sensors that are capable of monitoring very low temperatures can help preserve the efficacy of temperature-sensitive health care products like vaccines, allergy shot serums, and biological treatments for diseases. Standard wireless temperature sensors can reduce the risk of foodborne illness for restaurant and food manufacturer customers. Mobile sensor networks installed in refrigerated trucks can help ensure that food and medications arrive in usable condition.

Preventing harm to customers and patients is a matter of ethics and trust, of course. It can also be a matter of financial survival, especially for businesses that are already dealing with economic uncertainty. A 2018 study in Public Health Reports found that the cost of a foodborne illness outbreak can be as high as $2.6 million—far more than the cost of the technology that could prevent the problem. For these reasons, we expect to see more businesses adopt low-cost sensor systems in 2021 to protect their customers and their revenue.

13.3.4 Predictive Maintenance Will Deliver for Organizations That Do the Work

Predictive maintenance has been a major topic in the IIoT world and in manufacturing for a few years now. This strategy relies on vibration sensor data, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to analyze how a piece of equipment is operating, when it is likely to start operating outside of its ideal range, and when it will need maintenance for optimal functioning over its life span.

Organizations that do predictive maintenance right typically see a reduction in maintenance costs because they are only servicing equipment when it needs it, instead of on a calendar or hour-based schedule [2]. They also experience less unplanned downtime.

However, a remote sensor network alone is not enough to create an effective predictive maintenance program. PdM relies on machine learning and AI that have to be taught what to look for, and that requires human expertise. A June McKinsey report on IIoT also notes that a robust IT system and scalable IIoT capabilities are also required to build an effective PdM program.

In the year ahead, the manufacturers who get the most value from their PdM programs will be the ones who make a full commitment to getting the IT and machine-learning training right.

13.3.5 Building on the Lessons of 2020

As tempting as it may be to close the [16–20] books on 2020 and leave them closed, this year has offered a lot of lessons in the value of adopting new technology fast, pivoting to meet new demands, and coping with challenges to the standard ways of working. Companies that keep those lessons in mind, and maximize the value of their technology investments, will be ready to handle whatever 2021 brings.

13.4.1 New Challenges for Industrial Manufacturing

The findings of COVID have broad-ranging consequences for the supply chain. Some of the problems that small businesses face in the industry include difficulties in sourcing of raw materials, increased demand, and insufficient delivery capability from suppliers. Abandoned and delayed deliveries takeoffs result in a delivery delays that are on the order of 4 to 6 weeks.

Manufacturers report that maintaining workforce continuity is another staffing problem caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Problems the company management has faced over the years include laws from the government, such as social distancing requirements [21–23], such as occurred at Amazon, and examples of this include sickouts from the target employees and labor conflicts.

To a large extent, these design obstacles undoubtedly diminish the efficiency of downstream customers, thus reducing downstream manufacturers’ profitability. This is generating more problems that must be faced by manufacturers with creative approaches

13.4.2 Smarter Manufacturing for Actionable Insights

Because of the latest research on COVID-19, we are beginning to see industrial manufacturing adoptions of new technologies at a faster rate. Technology and connected devices are providing an increased demand for data analytics and insights. But broadly [24–27] speaking, the rate of digitization and implementation is only increasing, while the introduction of the latest Industry 4.0 definition is swift to the point of being a cliché.

We are increasingly expecting manufacturers to use technology that is more intelligent, like autonomous equipment and sensors, including forklifts or robotic cleaners, to become an important resource. The methods enable useful insights, leading to better decision-making for those who use the devices.

Proactive and preventive IoT-enabled technologies such as location data and critical asset tracking can assist manufacturers in maintaining their supply chains and helping them to anticipate risk [3]. Recently implemented IoT solutions provide real-time notifications that enable manufacturers to spot delayed, damaged, or missing inventory.

Companies in the industrial IoT are becoming more integrated with technologies such as eSIM, which allows for remote connection with self-to-service and over-air profiling without human interference. eSIM makes their linked goods easier to manage by offering a single interface. In addition, this drives improved resiliency over the lifecycle for design, manufacturing, and servicing of goods.

13.4.3 A Promising Future for IIoT Adoption

At this period of stress for industrial manufacturing, companies, which take advantage of technology and connectivity, will flourish and be able to withstand the storm. Such a catastrophe as the global COVID pandemic causes corporations to undergo. It is possible that combining modern and innovative technology with creative problem solving would speed the introduction of the implementation of industrial IoT, but it will also make it essential for manufacturers to remain profitable during disruptions and ensure continued competitiveness in a time of crisis.

The industries that are financially dependent (e.g., travel and fashion) will be more affected in the short term to the long term, while industries that rely on disposable income (such as utilities and medical services) will be more prominent in the medium term.

Other variations can be explained by the following market drivers:

• Owing to the prevalence of fragile global supply chains, companies will continue to increase their investment in industrial software.
• We will lead to increased investment in proven applications with short-term profit opportunities.
• Fewer resources are allocated to hard-to-sell or less profitable endeavors.
• There is no one solution that will work for all industries, especially for industries with a history of budgetary constraints and debt, but the negative impact of financial and social issues on all industries cannot be ignored.
• Reinforced proximity and security interventions in the time of a crisis.
• Faced with market change, enterprises are migrating to cloud-based applications that use the cloud as a catalyst.

13.6.1 Decreased Interest in Consumer IoT Devices

Despite the fact that consumers spend a lot of time at home, it does not appear that they purchase IoT devices on a broad scale.

Big user IoT app downloads can serve as a good measure of sales volume. These apps (among their numbers of downloads) have fallen dramatically (for example, from the 233rd place in the US in 2 months ago, they are now at the 351st place). Figures 13.6 and 13.7 shows the download rank of the app “Philips Hue” on Android in the category “Lifestyle” in the USA and Usage of Librestram’s Onsight and usage of Librestram’s Onsight respectively. Figure 13.8 shows the download Rank of the app “Kinsa Health”.

13.6.2 Remote Asset Access Becomes Important

One of the main reasons [29] why web conferencing tools like Zoom are booming is that they help you communicate to people around the country and around the world regardless of your location. Similarly, remote access tools are getting popular because they enable people to control their machines and their properties from any distance. One good thing about smart devices is that they allow people to talk to, conduct virtual inspections, and provide remote diagnosis, all at the same time. The number of remote device users in the field of computing has skyrocketed.

There is a trend of many new businesses setting up ProSoft Connect Remote Access to use their PLCs remotely, according to Keith Blod, a business director with Prosoft Technology.

13.6.3 Digital Twins Help With Scenario Planning

Currently, manufacturing, shipping and delivery delays, as well as demand variation under COVID-19 are affecting many businesses. In response, digital twins offer an end-to-end digital representation of the supply chain, allowing consumers to explore complex supply strategies, assess risks, and evaluate trade-offs to speed up or automate choices.

Llamasoft, for example, a US-based software supply chain analytics firm, integrates digital twins with information science, modeling and engineering fragile supply chain and developing resilient long-term risk management strategies.

13.6.4 New Uses for Drones

Drones [29] have been of help during the crisis.

• As far as parenthood is concerned, the sky is the limit. For instance, Zhao Liang Zhao, the Co-the Xinch County Chief Operations Officer, noted that their delivery system has helped hospitals do more than 300 flights with CO19 during the last month.
• Having a system in place is critical to ensuring that Surveillance and Monitoring goes on uninterrupted (used in many countries to monitor public spaces).
• Broadcasting ideas and letting people know.
• In addition, on January 30, XAG turned two of its agricultural robots and drones into disinfectant sprayers.

13.6.5 Specific IoT Health Applications Surge

Healthcare is obviously at the centre of the COVID-19 pandemic.

13.6.6 Track and Trace Solutions Get Used More Extensively

Today, real-time supply chain visibility is invaluable in order to business because of the current supply and demand trends.

This was reported by David Hewson, a manager of the Vesseltracking global network, who told us that “A great deal of our customers are telling us they find tracking highly advantageous”. “Communities have experienced substantial delays because of local locking, so partners are turning to Vessel Tracker to verify whether or not a vessel has arrived.”

IoT providers use their data to update the public on what is happening in their IoT networks.

• For instance, updates on the global cruises ship and freight operation recently published on Vesseltracker.com (in English).
• TER Geotab periodically updates the business operation of road transportation in North America.

13.6.7 Smart City Data Platforms Become Key

Although retrofitted solutions are simple to incorporate, the use of the IoT does not yield all of the same benefits.

The Bosch smart meter retrofit will enable utilities to continue reading meters that they have been reading for decades, without much effort on their part. To illustrate the sense of this term, we have chosen to use a Bosch business model which uses a micro generation from business premises as one example [5].

We are seeing a rise in demand for our IoT Meter Upgrade product during this period of trouble. The client gets a miniature gadget with a socket built into it, which they put on their meter. Finally, the data gets sent to the company in a safe fashion via Bosch IoT, and then, the customer does not have to dispatch anyone to read on-site meters.

He sees the same pattern, according to Graham Imman, VP of marketing for MachineMetrics: More and more of our original equipment manufacturers are sending cellular gateways to assist with remote computer diagnostics and servicing.

13.7.1 Ongoing Projects Are Paused

There is a common [29] consensus that technology budget cutbacks because many programs are cancelled or slowed down at the moment. A recent study by ETR has shown a 4% decrease in budgets.

Two exceptions to projects are not paused:

1. Significant policy measures
2. Technology ventures specifically aligned with COVID-19 Project (see next aspect)

13.7.2 Some Enterprise Technologies Take Off

There is a notable ramp-up in technologies such as follows:

1. Work-from-home infrastructure (e.g., laptops, screens, and connectivity)
2. Collaboration tools (e.g., video conferencing, team chat, and project planning)
3. Virtualization infrastructure (e.g., remote desktops)

1. 4. VPN networking
2. 5. Mobile devices
3. 6. Security
4. 7. Desktop support

13.7.3 Declining Demand for New Projects/Devices/Services

On account of businesses becoming more vigilant about the potential procurement of new services, new ventures and the use of IoT, the sales pipelines for companies all over the world are depleting.

In the last 2 to 3 years, IoT analytics spoke with several experts on this subject: “A manager of a new company for venture capital consulting projects at an online marketplace announced in April”. “We’ve seen a 50% decline in new projects.”

In the last quarter of 2016, the head of business growth at a cellular IoT network provider remarked, “It’s been a crazy year, and we expect it to get even better.”

Our traffic has been decreased by 20%, resulting in fewer sales. “Currently, I anticipate March will produce 13% less sales than January.”

13.7.4 Many Digitalization Initiatives Get Accelerated or Intensified

This seems to be a short-term problem that is associated with a drop in demand for digital technology and solutions. While there may be a medium-to-long-term effect, it is expected that COVID-19 will be positive in the long term [6]. Figure 13.10 shows zoom usage analysis.

It proved to have a tremendous impact on businesses and companies around the world, both in an immediate and lasting way. In order to leverage modern technology, all the employees (executives included) are expected to implement and discover the advantages of it (and challenges).

That is not to say that pandemics would not happen, but to say that businesses may want to develop additional means of dealing with future outbreaks. Additional money will be invested on the development of digital infrastructure is a guarantee.

The director of business solutions at an industrial communications company we spoke to in April of 20, 2020 supported this concept

More and more people are looking to use our remote asset-centric solutions. Customers and prospects suggest we are the first step in their digital strategy.

13.7.5 The Digital Divide Widens

COVID-19 could lead to a digital breakdown in the long run.

During the current crisis, IoT analytics experienced two intense reactions from various firms. The whole digital team was one of the first cost reduction initiatives taken by an organization that was consulted. Another corporation is cutting expenses elsewhere and ensuring the continuation of its digital projects.

COVID-19 may prove to be a crucial event which further broaden the digital divide between digital and priority initiatives. Many who have just taken digital initiatives along with them but have not taken them too seriously now have to go back, while others will pull ahead and will find new digital business models to lead them in their industries over the next few years.

13.8.1 IoT Networks Largely Unaffected

That said, the IoT does not have the same data throughput as people are staying in their homes and using their teleconferencing devices.

The rate of IoT [27–30] use and the day before the crisis has not changed. In the short term, these improvements would have no effect on the network’s bottom line, but in the long term, the organization claims, they could have a significant impact.

A cellular IoT network provider told us in the second quarter of March 2020 that “For us, the use has yet to begin because most of the applications on the network are currently in use. We do not expect any issues with attached to our network (and this ensures that data will be sent frequently) (yet) [9]. The only improvement we can certainly foresee is that telematics has many implementations, which has an effect of course.”

They have the same opinion about Teppo Hemia, the CEO: they all think he is a complete ass.

More and more IoT devices are in service thanks to low-cost distributed local optimization is very happy to see. It is a company thing we really do not have to worry about; we are done with our ventures, so there is not much to be concerned about. Nonetheless, I am confident about the expected earnings during Q2 and Q3, as it is difficult for field workers to fly to different locations and set up new networks now.

13.8.2 Technology Roadmaps Get Delayed

Many new technologies and standards rest on an exchange of ideas with an influential group of experts and a decision by committee. COVID works against these experts, causing a delay in emerging technology adoption.

On March 23, 3GPP publicly announced that 5G will be delayed for an additional 3 months due to CO19, and consequently, its corresponding 17 release date would be delayed as well [12]. This release is very much needed for the Industrial IoT as it enhances network response time-toto-live and distance-sensitive communication and improves network reliability (TSN).

The programs of other organizations (e.g., the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) are believed to face the same problem and to be further delayed.