Symbolic leaders see an ambiguous world in which meaning is created rather than given. They follow a consistent set of scripts and rituals to take advantage of the interpretive opportunities and challenges they encounter.

• They lead by example.
• They use symbols to unite and inspire followers.
• They interpret experience.
• They develop and communicate a hopeful vision.
• They tell stories.
• They convene rituals and ceremonies.
• They respect and use history.