Appendix A

The SI prefixes and multiplication factors.

Prefix Symbol Multiplication factor Common name (US)
yotta Y 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 = 1024 one septillion
zetta Z 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 = 1021 one sextillion
exa E 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 = 1018 one quintillion
peta P 1 000 000 000 000 000 = 1015 one quadrillion
tera T 1 000 000 000 000 = 1012 one trillion
giga G 1 000 000 000 = 109 one billion
mega M 1 000 000 = 106 one million
kilo k 1000 = 103 one thousand
hecto h 100 = 102 one hundred
deca da 10 = 101 one ten
100 = 1 one
deci d 0.1 = 10−1 one tenth
centi c 0.01 = 10−2 one hundredth
milli m 0.001 = 10−3 one thousandth
micro μ 0.000 001 = 10−6 one millionth
nano n 0.000 000 001 = 10−9 one billionth
pico p 0.000 000 000 001 = 10−12 one trillionth
femto f 0.000 000 000 000001 = 10−15 one quadrillionth
atto a 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 = 10−18 one quintillionth
zepto z 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001 = 10−21 one sextillionth
yocto y 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 = 10−24 one septillionth
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