1. A group of related tasks
2. Temporary in nature
3. Operational activities
4. Reworking of an existing project
5. Creation of a unique product or service

1. Providing governance on the project
2. Contributing to the deliverables according to the schedule
3. Contributing expertise to the project
4. Estimating costs and dependencies

1. Smoothing
2. Confronting
3. Compromising
4. Avoiding
5. Forcing

1. Initiating
2. Discovery
3. Execution
4. Closing

1. Smoothing
2. Confronting
3. Compromising
4. Avoiding
5. Forcing

1. Stakeholder Analysis plan
2. Project Charter
3. Human Resources plan
4. Communication plan

1. A collection of the sample work a project manager has done that they should bring to an interview
2. A collection of programs, subportfolios, and projects that support strategic business goals or objectives
3. A group of related projects that are managed together using shared resources and similar techniques
4. A group of project investments that are maintained to help finance projects

1. A listing of all individuals involved in the project, including key stakeholders
2. The software package used to enter and track project management aspects
3. Related projects that are coordinated and managed with similar techniques
4. A collection of projects and subportfolios that support strategic goals of the business

1. What did I accomplish yesterday? What will I do today? What are the necessary next steps?
2. What did I accomplish today? Who will I be working with today? What obstacles are preventing progress?
3. What did I accomplish yesterday? Who will I be working with today? What obstacles are preventing progress?
4. What did I accomplish yesterday? What will I do today? What obstacles are preventing progress?

1. Agile
2. Functional
3. Matrix
4. Projectized

1. Bring the team member in for a counseling session.
2. Leave the employee alone and distribute work to other team members.
3. Remove the team member from the project and seek a replacement.
4. Relocate the team member to a different facility.

1. Monitoring project progress
2. Sprint planning
3. Advocacy
4. Offering expert opinion

1. 24 hours
2. 48 hours
3. 1 week
4. 1 month

1. Status meeting
2. Focus group
3. Stand-up meeting
4. Demonstration

1. Joint application development
2. Joint application review
3. Status meeting
4. Brainstorming

1. Weak-matrix
2. Projectized
3. Strong-matrix
4. Functional

1. It is a successor task.
2. It is a mandatory task.
3. It is a predecessor task.
4. It is a discretionary task.

1. PERT
2. Calendar
3. Gantt chart
4. Pareto chart

1. Communication security
2. Communication integrity
3. Communication archiving
4. Escalating communication issues

1. Discretionary
2. Mandatory
3. External
4. Financial

1. Communication security
2. Communication integrity
3. Communication archiving
4. Communication planning

What is the task sequence for the critical path?

1. A => B => E
2. A => B => C => D => E
3. A => B => D => E
4. A => C => D => E

1. It is limited to a timeframe such as two weeks.
2. A planning meeting is held to figure out what the team can accomplish.
3. A small feature set is taken to completion.
4. The team works at an incredible pace for the entire time.

1. Projectized
2. Strong-matrix
3. Balanced-matrix
4. Weak-matrix

1. Collaborative
2. Informative
3. Decisive
4. Focus groups

1. Email
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Instant messaging
4. Fax

1. Fax
2. Text message
3. Social media
4. Voice conferencing
5. Distribution of printed media

1. Distribution of printed media
2. Email
3. Text message
4. Social media

1. Has a definitive start and end date
2. Is assigned to a portfolio
3. Creates a unique product or service
4. Is a part of ongoing operational activities
5. Is part of an organization's strategic plan

1. A collection of the sample work a project manager has done that should be brought to an interview
2. A collection of programs, subportfolios, and projects that support strategic business goals or objectives
3. A group of related projects that are managed together using shared resources and similar techniques
4. A group of project investments that are maintained to help finance projects

1. Impromptu meetings
2. Virtual meeting
3. Email
4. Instant messaging

1. Lessons learned meeting
2. Project introductory meeting
3. Kickoff meeting
4. Team building lunch

1. Time management, earned value calculation, listening, critical path diagrams
2. Leadership, time management, team building, listening
3. Time management, earned value calculation, leadership, critical path diagrams
4. Leadership, following, independence, listening

1. Video conference
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Email
4. Kickoff meeting

1. Determines the project cost accounting codes
2. Creates a deliverable-based decomposition of the project
3. Lists the actions that should be resolved to fulfill deliverables
4. Determines start and finish dates for project activities

1. Virtual meeting
2. In-person meeting
3. Closure meeting
4. Kickoff meeting

1. When the project manager declares the project is complete
2. When the project is canceled
3. When it has been determined that the goals and objectives of the project cannot be accomplished
4. When the objectives are accomplished and stakeholders are satisfied

1. Social media
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Text messaging
4. Distribution of printed media

Serve.

Gather bread, peanut butter, and jelly.

Place bread on a plate.

Get a knife.

Spread peanut butter on one slice of bread.

Put both slices of bread together.

Spread jelly on the other slice of bread.

What is the correct sequence for this project?

1. Serve; put both slices of bread together; gather bread, peanut butter, and jelly; get a knife; spread peanut butter on one slice of bread; place bread on a plate; spread jelly on the other slice of bread.
2. Gather bread, peanut butter. and jelly; get a knife; spread peanut butter on one slice of bread; place bread on a plate; spread jelly on the other slice of bread; serve; put both slices of bread together.
3. Gather bread, peanut butter, and jelly; get a knife; place bread on a plate; spread peanut butter on one slice of bread; spread jelly on the other slice of bread; put both slices of bread together; serve.
4. Gather bread, peanut butter, and jelly; get a knife; place bread on a plate; spread peanut butter on one slice of bread; spread jelly on the other slice of bread; serve; put both slices of bread together.

1. Determine tasks.
2. Set the quality plan.
3. Set the communication plan.
4. Sequence the tasks.
5. Construct a Pareto diagram.
6. Identify the critical path.

1. Video conference
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Social media
4. Scheduled meeting

1. In-person meetings
2. Virtual meetings
3. Closure meetings
4. Kickoff meetings

1. Email
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Scheduled meeting
4. Fax

1. Team-building activities
2. Project requirements
3. Recognition and rewards
4. Lessons learned meetings
5. Setting the ground rules
6. Project kickoff meetings

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

1. Conduct a preliminary review.
2. Collocation.
3. Determine decision-makers.
4. Communicate change deployment.

1. Agile approach
2. Projectized environment
3. Functional environment
4. Traditional, or waterfall

1. Agile
2. Functional
3. Matrix
4. Projectized

1. Key information about stakeholders and their jobs
2. Short stories about someone using the product or service
3. Customer survey results after product release
4. Visual representation of product burndown

1. Weak-matrix
2. Projectized
3. Strong-matrix
4. Functional

1. Validate the change implementation.
2. Implement changes.
3. Conduct an impact assessment.
4. Escalate to the CCB.

1. Requirements
2. Backlog
3. Risk register
4. Stakeholders

1. Timeboxing
2. Sprint planning
3. Creating action items
4. Joint application development

1. A measure of the distance traveled on a project
2. Characteristics of deliverables that must be met
3. Checkpoints on a project to determine Go/No-Go decisions
4. Major events in a project used to measure progress

1. Joint application development session
2. Joint application review session
3. Joint budget committee
4. Project steering committee

1. Facilitator
2. Scribe
3. Timekeeper
4. Coordinator

1. Mandatory
2. Discretionary
3. External
4. Backlog

1. There is interaction between constraints.
2. Scope creep is occurring on the project.
3. The request can be handled without the formality.
4. The sponsor is on vacation.

1. Task setting
2. Action items
3. Follow ups
4. Agenda setting

1. Stand-up
2. Focus groups
3. Presentation
4. Workshop

1. Finish-to-finish
2. Start-to-start
3. Finish-to-start
4. Start-to-finish

What is the duration of the critical path?

1. 7 days
2. 9 days
3. 10 days
4. 11 days

1. Project schedule
2. Organization chart
3. Resource calendar
4. Risk register

1. Project change
2. Organizational change
3. Product change
4. Mindset change

1. Follow-ups
2. Refinement
3. Brainstorming
4. Action items

1. Projectized
2. Strong-matrix
3. Balanced-matrix
4. Weak-matrix

1. Stakeholder expectations have been met.
2. The phase completion has been approved.
3. All project phases have been completed.
4. The vendor has been released from the project.

1. The date work on the project begins
2. The design for a new product
3. Time and materials applied to the project
4. PMO

1. Developing high-level requirements for the project
2. Functioning as the approval authority and removing roadblocks
3. Marketing the project across the organization
4. Estimating the costs and dependencies of the project activities
5. Serving to help control the direction of the project

1. It is a successor task.
2. It is a mandatory task.
3. It is a predecessor task.
4. It is a discretionary task.

1. Time, budget, scope
2. Time, risks, budget
3. Cost, benefits, scope
4. Cost, risks, scope

1. A project sponsor can now be chosen.
2. Key stakeholders are freed from project communication.
3. The project is authorized to begin.
4. Project resources are released from the project.

1. Facilitator
2. Scribe
3. Timekeeper
4. Coordinator

1. Team members
2. Equipment
3. WBS
4. Materials

1. Accommodating resource availability within activity float times
2. A schedule compression technique
3. An attempt to balance assignments to prevent overload
4. A method for loading heavy equipment

1. A storage technique for physical resources
2. A schedule compression technique
3. An attempt to balance assignments to prevent overload
4. A method for loading heavy equipment

1. Performing two tasks in parallel that were previously scheduled to start sequentially
2. Looking at cost and schedule trade-offs such as adding more resources
3. Moving later deliverables to earlier phases to appease stakeholders
4. Removing critical path activities that are unnecessary

1. Critical path
2. Total float
3. Delphi technique
4. Pareto analysis

1. There is a shortage of things for team members to work on.
2. Not enough resources are available for the task, leading to overallocation.
3. There are too many resources, leading to underallocation.
4. There is an abundancy of things for team members to work on.

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

1. Document the request in the change control log.
2. Update the scope statement.
3. Place the change on the Kanban board.
4. Update this in the requestor's personal file.

1. Project change
2. Organizational change
3. Product change
4. Asset change

1. Traditional, or waterfall
2. Projectized environment
3. Agile approach
4. Functional environment

1. Planning
2. Closing
3. Development
4. Execution

1. Helps vet and manage changes to the scope
2. Provides an accounting structure for tasks
3. Sets the standards and templates for the project
4. Sets the costs of quality for the project

1. Project management office (PMO)
2. Project coordinator
3. Project manager
4. Project scheduler

1. Escalate the decision to the executive committee.
2. Consult the communication plan and inform the appropriate stakeholders.
3. Determine the organization's tolerance for this change.
4. Hold a Scrum meeting to see what to work on next.

1. Project sponsor
2. Project manager
3. Executive steering committee
4. Change control board

1. Lessons learned meeting
2. Employee performance review
3. Stakeholder identification meeting
4. First meeting with a new team member

1. Burndown charts
2. WBS
3. Continuous requirements gathering
4. Sprint planning

1. Stand-ups
2. Brainstorming
3. Joint application review sessions
4. Joint application development sessions

1. Norming, Forming, Storming, Adjourning, Performing
2. Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning
3. Forming, Norming, Performing, Storming, Adjourning
4. Norming, Storming, Forming, Adjourning, Performing

1. Daily stand-up meetings
2. Client sign-off
3. Management approval
4. Legislative approval

1. Project manager
2. Project coordinator
3. Project scheduler
4. Project management office

1. Steering committee members
2. Shareholders
3. Target audience
4. Business analysts

1. Agile
2. Functional
3. Matrix
4. Colocation
5. Projectized

1. Stand-up
2. Workshop
3. Steering committee
4. Demonstration

1. Follow-up
2. Action item
3. Task setting
4. Refinement

1. Markets the project across the business
2. Provides governance for projects
3. Manages the team, communication, scope, risk, budget, and time of the project
4. Maintains standard documentation and templates
5. Establishes key performance indicators and parameters
6. Develops and maintains the project schedule

1. Project sponsor or champion
2. Project manager
3. Project coordinator
4. Project scheduler

1. A listing of all individuals involved in the project, including key stakeholders
2. The software package used to enter and track project management aspects
3. Related projects that are coordinated and managed with similar techniques
4. A collection of projects and subportfolios that support the strategic goals of the business

1. Project charter
2. Ask the project sponsor
3. Meeting minutes
4. Action items

1. Status meeting
2. Demonstration
3. Brainstorming
4. Focus group

1. Stand-up
2. Focus groups
3. Presentation
4. Workshop

1. Producing a backlog
2. Progressive iteration
3. Rolling wave planning
4. Prioritizing tasks

1. Start-to-start
2. Finish-to-start
3. Start-to-finish
4. Finish-to-finish

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

1. Sprint planning
2. Parametric estimating
3. Timeboxing
4. Scrum

1. Soft timeboxing
2. Action items
3. Brainstorming
4. Hard timeboxing

1. Delayed work that is caused by bottlenecks
2. Customer prioritized functionality list that still needs to be added to the product
3. Inventory not added to the project because of shipping delays
4. A daily meeting focusing on three questions

1. Parametric estimating
2. Bottom-up estimating
3. Alternative analysis
4. Fishbone diagraming

1. Project sponsor
2. Project management office
3. Project team
4. Project scheduler

1. Performing two tasks in parallel that were previously scheduled to start sequentially
2. Looking at cost and schedule trade-offs like adding more resources
3. Moving later deliverables to earlier phases to appease stakeholders
4. Removing critical path activities that are unnecessary

1. Performing two tasks in parallel that were previously scheduled to start sequentially
2. Looking at cost and schedule trade-offs like adding more resources
3. Moving later deliverables to earlier phases to appease stakeholders
4. Removing critical path activities that are unnecessary

1. Expert judgment
2. Three-point estimating
3. Analogous estimating
4. Pareto diagramming

1. Fast tracking
2. Reverse resource allocation
3. Resource smoothing
4. Resource leveling

1. Risk response plan
2. Contingency reserves
3. Allowing risk strategy
4. Delphi technique

1. First time project team members are introduced to one another.
2. Happens in the Initiation phase.
3. Occurs when project planning is complete.
4. All of the above.
5. A and C.

1. Up to 40%
2. Up to 50%
3. Up to 75%
4. Up to 90%

1. Documentation and administrative support, estimation of task duration, soliciting task status from resources, expertise
2. Vested interest, providing input and requirements, project steering, expertise
3. Documentation and administrative support, providing input and requirements, project steering, expertise
4. Vested interest, providing input and requirements, cross-functional coordination, expertise

1. Project stakeholder
2. Project champion
3. Project sponsor
4. Member of the PMO

1. Top-down and bottom-up
2. Contingency and discretionary
3. Parametric and analogous
4. Contingency and management

1. Kickoff meeting
2. Virtual meeting
3. Email
4. Closure meeting

1. It is of a confidential nature so meet with her face-to-face.
2. Personal preferences suggest using social media.
3. Voice conferencing avoids personal threat.
4. Instant messaging allows time to digest information slowly.

1. Project coordinator
2. Scheduler
3. Project team
4. Project manager

1. A measure of the distance traveled on a project
2. Characteristics of deliverables that must be met
3. Checkpoints on a project to determine Go/No-Go
4. Major events in a project used to measure progress

1. Define activities, sequence activities, estimate resources, estimate duration
2. Define activities, budget activities, estimate resources, estimate completion
3. Budget activities, estimate resources, determine milestones, estimate completion
4. Develop schedule, determine completion date, check stakeholder assumptions, conduct feasibility assessment

1. Time zones
2. Cultural differences
3. Level of report detail
4. Criticality factors
5. Language barriers
6. Technological factors

1. Language barriers
2. Fax
3. Risk identification
4. Scope creep

1. Get a head start on the work needed for the project.
2. Prepare the project charter and kickoff meeting.
3. Set a realistic backlog of items completed during this iteration.
4. Set the communication and quality plans for the project.

1. Email
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Instant messaging
4. Fax

1. Email
2. Phone call
3. Text message
4. Scheduled meeting

1. Email
2. Impromptu meeting
3. Virtual meeting
4. Scheduled meeting

1. Language barriers
2. Level of report detail
3. Technological factors
4. Time zones
5. Cultural differences
6. Criticality factors

1. Transmission
2. Receiver
3. Inbox
4. Sender
5. Nonverbal communication
6. Decoder
7. Message

1. Scope changes
2. Requirement changes
3. Organizational changes
4. Timeline changes

1. Change request log
2. Risk register
3. Business process repository
4. Issue log

1. SIPOC-R
2. Project charter
3. Template
4. Meeting minutes

1. Weak-matrix
2. Projectized
3. Strong-matrix
4. Functional

1. Finish-to-finish
2. Start-to-deferred
3. Finish-to-start
4. Start-to-finish

1. Sprint planning
2. Self-organized and self-directed teams
3. Iterative approach
4. Adaptive to new/changing requirements

1. Internal
2. Discretionary
3. External
4. Mandatory

1. Gate checks
2. Burndown charts
3. Sprint planning
4. Continuous requirements gathering

1. Resources are assigned on an ad hoc basis.
2. Resources are assigned from a functional area to the project.
3. Resources must be outsourced.
4. Resources must not be collocated.

1. Great for an organization as there is always staff to work on a project
2. Bad for an organization as there is always staff to work on a project
3. Costly because individuals are being paid to sit around
4. Inexpensive because individuals are not being paid when they sit around

1. In a mature organization with defined processes
2. When the scope can be easily and thoroughly defined
3. Where small incremental improvements offer no value to stakeholders
4. When an organization is dealing with a rapidly changing environment

1. There is no value with small incremental improvements.
2. Processes are thoroughly defined.
3. The environment is rapidly changing.
4. Scope is easily identified and designed.

1. Storming
2. Norming
3. Performing
4. Forming

1. Projectized
2. Strong-matrix
3. Balanced-matrix
4. Weak-matrix

1. This is a project because there are minor changes to the application.
2. This is not a project because the regular releases are a continuing effort.
3. This is a project because this effort is temporary in nature.
4. This is not a project because the product being produced is not unique.

1. Waterfall methodology
2. Matrixed management
3. Projectized
4. Agile methodology

1. Bring the team member in for a counseling session.
2. Leave the employee alone and distribute work to other team members.
3. Remove the team member from the project and seek a replacement.
4. Relocate the team member to a different facility.

1. An organized effort to fulfill a purpose
2. Blueprints needed to construct a building
3. Routine activities to an organization
4. Has a specific end date
5. Reworking an existing project

1. Project manager
2. PMO
3. Stakeholders
4. Project team

1. Analogous estimating
2. SWAG
3. Work effort estimate
4. SPI

1. Traditional, or waterfall
2. Projectized environment
3. Agile approach
4. Functional environment

1. Low-quality resources
2. Interdependencies
3. Dedicated resources
4. Resource overallocation

1. Dedicated
2. Physical
3. Digital
4. Shared

1. Discretionary
2. Mandatory
3. External
4. Financial

1. Trust building
2. Forming
3. Team building
4. Management skills

1. Fishbone diagram
2. Burndown chart
3. Gantt chart
4. Pareto diagram

1. Social media and text messages.
2. Memo and email.
3. Hold a meeting with the project team.
4. Let the communication plan be the guide.

1. Governance gates
2. Product backlog
3. Daily Scrum
4. Scrum retrospective

1. This effort is not a project because security is already done.
2. This effort is a project because the product being developed is unique.
3. This effort is a project and will be a part of a program.
4. There is no reason to do this effort because they already do security.
5. This meets the requirements for a project because it creates a unique product and is temporary in nature.

1. Requires a high degree of stakeholder involvement.
2. All requirements must be gathered up front.
3. Rapid iterations.
4. Fixed time and resources.

1. Scoping change
2. Timeline change
3. Quality change
4. Funding change

1. Tailor method based on content of message
2. Intraorganizational differences
3. Personal preferences
4. Criticality factors

1. Fishbone diagram
2. Burndown chart
3. Gantt chart
4. Pareto diagram

1. Additional equipment needs
2. Costs
3. Approve or reject the change
4. Resource hours needed

1. Submit to CCB to be accepted or rejected.
2. Defer until there is a break in the project schedule.
3. Implement the change.
4. Analyze the impact of the change.

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

1. The change that is requested
2. The reason for the change
3. The executive sponsor of the change
4. What will happen if the change is not made

1. In writing
2. Verbally
3. Via videoconference
4. Executive session of the change control board

1. The team member will continue to share time with their functional work.
2. The project manager has full authority and controls time and tasks.
3. The dedicated resource won't have to be paid overtime.
4. Low-quality resources aren't assigned to a project.

1. Discretionary
2. Mandatory
3. External
4. Financial

1. Project manager
2. Almost anyone working on or associated with the project
3. Project sponsor
4. Change control board

1. Update documents.
2. Validate the change; do a quality check.
3. Obtain approval.
4. Implement change.

1. Timeline change
2. Requirements change
3. Quality change
4. Resource change

1. Requirements change
2. Scoping change
3. Timeline change
4. Funding change

1. Via social media and text messages
2. Using memos and email
3. Holding a meeting with the project team
4. Following the communication plan

1. Project coordinator
2. PMO
3. Stakeholders
4. Project sponsor

1. Resource change
2. Requirements change
3. Funding change
4. Scope change

1. Scoping change
2. Funding change
3. Quality change
4. Timeline change

1. Crashing
2. Risk avoidance
3. Fast tracking
4. Critical path method

1. Projectized
2. Matrix
3. Functional
4. Agile

1. Planning for areas of intense activity to allocate team members according to the resource plan
2. The process of progressively elaborating deliverables or project phases into differing levels of the WBS
3. A design technique used to ensure the structural integrity for earthquake-proof buildings
4. A quick-start technique of where to begin a project with little planning or sign-off to generate momentum

1. Project scheduler
2. Project coordinator
3. PMO
4. Project manager

1. Business analyst
2. Program manager
3. Scrum master
4. Developers/engineers

1. Environment
2. Budget
3. Scope
4. Scheduling

1. Product manager
2. Project manager
3. Senior management
4. Product owner

1. Set the approach to conflict resolution.
2. Document schedules.
3. Assign resources.
4. Monitor and control project work.

1. Traditional, or waterfall
2. Projectized environment
3. Agile approach
4. Functional environment

1. Strict adherence to a change control process.
2. Uses a flexible approach to requirements.
3. Team members work in short bursts, or sprints.
4. Each release is tested against the customers' needs.

1. Rapid feedback
2. Embracing change
3. Project phases do not overlap
4. Assume simplicity

1. Getting a head start on the work needed for the project
2. Preparing the project charter and kickoff meeting
3. Setting a realistic backlog of items completed during this iteration
4. Establishing the communication and quality plans for the project

1. Self-organized teams
2. Sprint planning
3. Upfront, comprehensive requirements gathering
4. Formally organized teams
5. Continuous requirements gathering
6. Feedback based primarily in lessons learned meetings

1. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)
2. Waterfall
3. DevOps
4. Scrum

1. Develops the business case and justification
2. Functions as the approval authority for funding
3. Sets the standards and practices a project
4. Provides input and requirements
5. Helps to control the project's direction
6. Manages the risks of the project

1. Requirements, Design, Implementation, Verification/Testing, Deployment/Maintenance
2. Requirements, Sprint Planning Meeting, Discovery, Testing, Closing
3. Architecture, Integration, Governance, Funding, Roles
4. Discovery, Sprint Planning Meeting, Testing, Funding, Closing

1. Project Management Professional (PMP)
2. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
3. Extreme Programming (XP)
4. PRojects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2)

1. Waterfall
2. Kanban
3. DevOps
4. SDLC

1. Kanban
2. Agile
3. DevOps
4. DevSecOps

1. DevOps
2. Waterfall
3. Scrum
4. Scaled Agile Framework

1. Shared resources
2. Resource shortage
3. Low-quality resources
4. Benched resources

1. Requirements, Design, Implementation, Verification/Testing, Deployment/Maintenance
2. Requirements, Sprint Planning Meeting, Discovery, Testing, Closing
3. Architecture, Integration, Governance, Funding, Roles
4. Discovery, Sprint Planning Meeting, Testing, Funding, Closing