Mann-Whitney U-test, 405, 408

Marginal probabilities, 470

Matched pairs experiment, 414, 416–417

Mean square for error (MSE), 423–424

• explanation of, 429

Mean square for treatments (MST), 423

Means. See also Population means

• for binomial random variable, 189

• comparing means on MINITAB, 443–446

• comparing median, mode and, 59

• estimation of, 542–544

• expected value of squared distance from, 175

• explanation of, 54, 174

• line of, 503

• sample, 54

• skewness and, 57–58

Measurement, 5

Measurement error, 18

Measures of central tendency

• explanation of, 54

• types of, 54–60

Measures of relative standing

• explanation of, 79–81

• percentile ranking as, 79

• z-score as, 80–81

Measures of variability

• calculation of, 66–68

• explanation of, 65–67

Median

• calculation of, 56–58

• comparing mean, mode and, 59

• explanation of, 55–56

• a nonparametric test about a population median, 352–355

• skewness and, 57–58

Middle quartile (M), 80

Minimum-variance unbiased estimator (MVUE), 230, 231

MINITAB

• assessing and listing data on, 25–28

• binomial probabilities, normal probability, and simulated sample distribution on, 247–248

• categorical data analyses on, 496–497

• comparing means, 443–446

• confidence intervals on, 302–303, 544

• contingency table on, 472

• describing data on, 112–113

• hypothesis tests on, 364–366

• linear regression on, 509–511, 525, 538, 551, 552, 573–574

• prediction intervals on, 544, 546

Modal class, 58

Mode

• calculation of, 58

• comparing median, mean and, 59

• explanation of, 58

• use of, 58

Mound-shaped symmetric distributions, 71

Multinomial experiment

• applications of, 461, 463–466

• explanation of, 461

Multiplicative rule

• application of, 146–149, 174, 185

• explanation of, 145–146

Mutually exclusive events, 136–137

• as dependent events, 150

• explanation of, 136