NOTES

Throughout the book, we use full names and company names where possible. In some examples, we cite a single name, different names, or anonymous companies to avoid revealing confidential or private information on behalf of our clients.

Introduction

1. A quote by John Wesley Powell, 1834–1902, www.qotd.org/search/single.html?qid=71838.

2. Diane Coutu, “Why Teams Don’t Work,” Harvard Business Review, May 2009, https://hbr.org/2009/05/why-teams-dont-work.

3. University of Phoenix, “University of Phoenix Survey Reveals Nearly Seven-in-Ten Workers Have Been Part of Dysfunctional Teams,” UOPX News, January 16, 2013, www.phoenix.edu/news/releases/2013/01/university-of-phoenix-survey-reveals-nearly-seven-in-ten-workers-have-been-part-of-dysfunctional-teams.html.

4. Anita Bruzzese, “How to Create Trust Among Cross-Functional Teams,” QuickBase (Blog), September 6, 2016, www.quickbase.com/blog/how-to-create-trust-among-cross-functional-teams.

Chapter 1: Teams That Do Big Things

1. Edward Dolnick, Down the Great Unknown: John Wesley Powell’s 1869 Journey of Discovery and Tragedy Through the Grand Canyon (New York: Harper Collins, 2001).

2. Chris McChesney, Sean Covey, and Jim Huling, “How to Set Wildly Important Goals, and What They’ll Do for You,” Fast Company, April 24, 2012, https://www.fastcompany.com/1835210/how-set-wildly-important-goals-and-what-theyll-doyou.

3. Scott Berinato, “A Framework for Understanding VUCA,” Harvard Business Review, September 5, 2014, https://hbr.org/2014/09/a-framework-for-understanding-vuca.

4. “Report: State of the American Workplace,” Gallup, February 28, 2017, www.gallup.com/services/176708/state-american-workplace.aspx.

5. Deloitte, “Global Human Capital Trends,” Deloitte University Press, 2016, https://dupress.deloitte.com/dup-us-en/focus/human-capital-trends/2016/human-capital-trends-introduction.html.

6. Deloitte, “Global Human Capital Trends,” Deloitte University Press, 2017, https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/human-capital/articles/introduction-human-capital-trends.html.

7. John P. Kotter, “Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail,” Harvard Business Review, January 2007, https://hbr.org/2007/01/leading-change-why-transformation-efforts-fail.

8. Diane Coutu, “Why Teams Don’t Work,” Harvard Business Review, May 2009, https://hbr.org/2009/05/why-teams-dont-work.

9. “Apollo 13,” NASA, last modified September 19, 2013, https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo13.html.

10. Paul Sullivan, “Chicago Cubs Win World Series Championship with 8–7 Victory over Cleveland Indians,” The Chicago Tribune, November 3, 2016, www.chicagotribune.com/sports/baseball/cubs/ct-cubs-win-world-series-sullivan-spt-1103-20161102-story.html.

11. Linda Hill, Greg Brandeau, Emily Truelove, and Kent Lineback, “The Capabilities Your Organization Needs to Sustain Innovation,” Harvard Business Review, January 14, 2015.

12. Author interview with Jim Kouzes.

13. Angela Maiers, “The YOU MATTER Manifesto,” Angelamaiers.com, January 10, 2012, www.angelamaiers.com/2012/01/the-you-matter-manifesto/.

Chapter 2: Teams That Flatline

1. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1 (1990): 2–12.

2. Laurie Miller, ASTD’s 2013 State of the Industry Report: Workplace Learning. T+d 67 11 (November 8, 2013): 40.

3. Jack Zenger, “Does Leadership Development Really Work?” Forbes, May 2, 2012, www.forbes.com/sites/jackzenger/2012/05/02/does-leadership-development-really-work-2/#2f0431bc6135.

4. Michael Irwin Meltzer, David Sirota, and Louis A. Mischkind, “Why Your Employees Are Losing Motivation,” Harvard Business School, April 10, 2006, http://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/5289.html.

5. Theresa Minton-Eversole, “Virtual Teams Used Most by Global Organizations, Survey Says,” Society for Human Resources Management, July 19, 2012, https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/organizational-and-employee-development/pages/virtualteamsusedmostbyglobalorganizations,surveysays.aspx.

6. Ibid.

7. Gianluigi Cuccureddu, “Lack of Collaboration or Ineffective Communication Cause of Workplace Failures,” Damarque, May 19, 2013, www.damarque.com/blog/gianluigi-cuccureddu/lack-collaboration-or-ineffective-communication-cause-workplace-failures.

Chapter 3: Commit to the Human Imperative

1. Alex “Sandy” Pentland, “The New Science of Building Great Teams,” Harvard Business Review, April 2012, hbr.org/2012/04/the-new-science-of-building-great-teams.

2. Bruce W. Tuckman, “Developmental Sequence in Small Groups,” Psychological Bulletin 63, no 6 (1965): 384–399, doi:10.1037/h0022100.

3. Wayne Dyer, “When You Change the Way You Look at Things,” YouTube Video, 3:36, April 19, 2008, www.youtube.com/watch?v=urQPraeeY0w.

4. Michael Beer, Magnus Finnström, and Derek Schrader, “Why Leadership Training Fails and What to Do about It,” Harvard Business Review, October 2016, hbr.org/2016/10/why-leadership-training-fails-and-what-to-do-about-it.

5. Ibid.

6. Willis Towers Watson, “How the Fundamentals Have Evolved and the Best Adapt,” 2014, www.towerswatson.com/en-US/Insights/IC-Types/Survey-Research-Results/2013/12/2013-2014-change-and-communication-roi-study.

7. Ibid.

8. Deloitte, “Global Human Capital Trends,” Deloitte University Press, 2017, www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/human-capital/articles/introduction-human-capital-trends.html.

9. Stephen R. Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change (New York: Free Press, 1989).

10. A. H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review 50. no. 4 (1943): 370–396, doi:10.1037/h0054346.

11. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1 (1990): 2–12.

12. Edward Dolnick, Down the Great Unknown: John Wesley Powell’s 1869 Journey of Discovery and Tragedy Through the Grand Canyon (New York: Harper Collins, 2001).

13. Gary Topping, “Colorado River Controversies,” Utah Historical Quarterly 51, no. 3 (6) (1983): 300–301.

Chapter 4: Embody Success (and Leverage Failure)

1. Heidi Chatfield and Allison Wooten, “Who Is in Control of Your Employee’s Behavior?” All Star Incentive Marketing, June 2012, c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.incentivemarketing.org/resource/resmgr/imported/Locus%20%20of%20Control%20%20final.pdf.

2. Daniel H. Pink, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us (New York: RiverHead Books, 2011).

3. Simon Sinek, “How Great Leaders Inspire Action,” September 2009, TED Talks, 17:57, www.ted.com/talks/simon_sinek_how_great_leaders_inspire_action#t-784406.

4. “Engaged Employees Infographic,” Dale Carnegie Training, www.dalecarnegie.com/employee-engagement/engaged-employees-infographic/.

5. Jakob Rogstadiusa, Vassilis Kostakosa, Aniket Kitturb, Boris Smusa, Jim Laredoc, Maja Vukovicc, “An Assessment of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Task Performance in Crowdsourcing Markets,” AAAI (Report compiled by Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, Palo Alto, CA).

6. Ibid.

7. “Locus of Control,” Changing Minds, changingminds.org/explanations/preferences/locus_control.htm.

8. “Executives Don’t Think Employees Understand Strategy,” Holmes Report, June 28, 2015, www.holmesreport.com/research/article/executives-don’t-think-employees-understand-strategy.

9. Zeno Group, “Zeno Group Study Explores Reasons Why Employees Are So Disengaged,” PR Newswire, June 10, 2015, www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/zeno-group-study-explores-reasons-why-employees-are-so-disengaged-300096754.html.

10. Sting, Lyrics (New York: The Dial Press, 2007), 4–5.

Chapter 5: Choose to Contribute, Activate, and Connect Across the Business

1. Nancy Armour, “Jason Heyward’s Speech Spurs Cubs during World Series Game 7 Rain Delay,” USA Today, November 3, 2016, www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/cubs/2016/11/03/world-series-championship-game-7-rain-delay-jason-heyward/93226544/.

2. Ibid.

3. Joel Hoomans, “35,000 Decisions: The Great Choices of Strategic Leaders,” Roberts Wesleyan College, March 20, 2015, go.roberts.edu/leadingedge/the-great-choices-of-strategic-leaders.

4. Jennifer Briggs, Strive to Excel: The Wisdom of Vince Lombardi (Nashville: Rutledge Hill Press, 1997), 76.

5. Dominique Jones, “The Dollars and Sense of Employee Engagement,” Talent Space (Blog), March 6, 2012, www.halogensoftware.com/blog/the-dollars-and-sense-of-employee-engagement.

6. Steve Crabtree, “Worldwide, 13% of Employees Are Engaged at Work,” Gallup, October 8, 2013, www.gallup.com/poll/165269/worldwide-employees-engaged-work.aspx?version=print.

7. “Report: State of the American Workplace,” Gallup, September 22, 2014, www.gallup.com/services/176708/state-american-workplace.aspx.

8. “The Impact of Employee Engagement on Performance,” Harvard Business Review, www.yorkworks.ca/default/assets/File/analyst-insights-HBR_Achievers%20Report_TheImpactofEmployeeEngagementonPerformance(1).pdf.

9. Willis Towers Watson, “The 2014 Global Workforce Study,” August 2014, www.towerswatson.com/en/Insights/IC-Types/Survey-Research-Results/2014/08/the-2014-global-workforce-study.

10. Jones, “The Dollars and Sense of Employee Engagement.”

11. Oriana Negulescua and Elena Doval, “The Quality of Decision Making Process Related to Organizations’ Effectiveness,” ScienceDirect, 2014, ac.els-cdn.com/S2212567114005486/1-s2.0-S2212567114005486-main.pdf?_tid=fcf9513c-fd36-11e6-8244-00000aacb361&acdnat=1488232509_0f009bc0319887ad42165ff9b591dcbf.

12. Ibid.

13. Briggs, Strive to Excel.

14. MacMillion Dictionary, s.v., “Moral Imperative,” accessed March 21, 2017, www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/moral-imperative.

15. William Nevins, “We Are Too Prone to Judge Ourselves by Our Ideals and Other People by Their Acts,” Quote Investigator, March 19, 2015, quoteinvestigator.com/2015/03/19/judge-others/.

16. German Lopez, “George W. Bush in Dallas: ‘Too often we judge other groups by their worst examples,’” Vox, July 12, 2016, www.vox.com/2016/7/12/12164176/george-bush-dallas-shooting-speech-video.

17. Michael Fullan, Leadership and Sustainability: System Thinkers in Action (Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin, 2004), 27.

18. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1 (1990): 2–12.

Chapter 6: Exercise Your Barrier-Breaking Authority

1. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1 (1990): 2–12.

2. Denis Waitley, The Psychology of Winning: Ten Qualities of a Total Winner (New York: Berkley Books, 1979), 3. Also, “Why Are so Many People Quitting Their Jobs?” Pacific Crest Group, www.pcg-services.com/people-quitting-jobs/.

3. Alan Hall, “’I’m Outta Here! Why 2 Million Americans Quit Every Month (And 5 Steps to Turn the Epidemic Around).” Forbes.com, March 11, 2013. www.forbes.com/sites/alanhall/2013/03/11/im-outta-here-why-2-million-americans-quit-every-month-and-5-steps-to-turn-the-epidemic-around/#6e14c71c6484.

4. Michael Beer, Magnus Finnström, and Derek Schrader, “Why Leadership Training Fails and What to Do about It,” Harvard Business Review, October 2016, hbr.org/2016/10/why-leadership-training-fails-and-what-to-do-about-it.

5. “Overwhelming Majority of Companies Say Soft Skills Are Just as Important as Hard Skills, According to a New CareerBuilder Survey,” Career Builder, April 10, 2014, www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?ed=12/31/2014&id=pr817&sd=4/10/2014.

6. Hans J. Thamhain, “Influences of Environment and Leadership on Team Performance in Complex Project Environments,” Project Management Institute, 2010, www.pmi.org/learning/library/influences-environment-leadership-team-performance-6482.

7. Shep Hyken, “Drucker Said ‘Culture Eats Strategy for Breakfast’ and Enterprise Rent-a-Car Proves It,” Forbes, December 5, 2015, www.forbes.com/sites/shephyken/2015/12/05/drucker-said-culture-eats-strategy-for-breakfast-and-enterprise-rent-a-car-proves-it/#6f6cd4272749.

Chapter 7: Focus on What Matters

1. Stu Woo, “Against the Wind,” Wall Street Journal, February 28, 2014, www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303393804579312803907849782.

2. “2013 America’s Cup,” Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_America’s_Cup.

3. Oracle Team USA, “The Comeback,” YouTube Video, 9:06, November 18, 2013, hwww.youtube.com/watch?v=t3vRMRnSbys&feature=youtu.be&t=1m.

4. Ibid.

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid.

7. Susanna Huth, “Employees Waste 759 Hours Each Year Due to Workplace Distractions,” Telegraph.co.uk, June 22, 2015, www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/jobs/11691728/Employees-waste-759-hours-each-year-due-to-workplace-distractions.html.

8. Kristin Wong, “How Long It Takes to Get Back on Track After a Distraction,” Life Hacker, July 29, 2015, lifehacker.com/how-long-it-takes-to-get-back-on-track-after-a-distract-1720708353.

9. Alison Green, “Team Productivity—Stories of the Week,” Quickbase (blog), January 26, 2017, www.quickbase.com/blog/team-productivity-stories-of-the-week-12.

10. Hara Marano, “Our Brain’s Negative Bias,” Psychology Today, June 9, 2016, www.psychologytoday.com/articles/200306/our-brains-negative-bias.

11. Ed Oakley and Doug Krug, Getting to the Heart of Change: Enlightened Leadership (New York: Touchstone, 1994).

12. Daniel J. Simons and Christopher F. Chabris, “Gorillas in Our Midst: Sustained Inattentional Blindness for Dynamic Events,” Sage Journals 28, no. 9 (1999), 1059–1074, doi: 10.1068/p281059.

13. Ibid.

14. Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011).

15. Daniel Goleman, Focus: The Hidden Driver of Excellence (New York: HarperCollins, 2013).

16. Ibid.

17. Ibid., 203.

18. Daniel Wegner, “How to Think, Say, or Do Precisely the Wrong Thing for Any Occasion,” Science 325, no. 5936 (2009): 48–50, doi: 10.1126/science.1167346.

19. George Lucas, Star Wars, Episode I, The Phantom Menace: Illustrated Screenplay (New York: Ballantine, 1999.

20. Goleman, Focus, 4.

21. Ibid., 69.

22. Ibid., 124.

23. Ibid., 125.

24. Ann Japenga, “Against the Current,” Los Angeles Times, February 4, 2002, articles. latimes.com/2002/feb/04/news/lv-river4.

25. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1(1990): 2–12.

Chapter 8: Energize Around a Shared Reality

1. Interview with Pam Lindwirth.

2. The Energy Map is inspired by a concept described as the Net Forward Energy Ratio in Doug Krug and Ed Oakley’s book, Enlightened Leadership (New York: Touchstone, 1994).

3. Steven W. Vannoy and Craig W. Ross, Stomp the Elephant in the Office (Ashland, OH: Wister & Willows, 2011).

4. Bethany Brookshire, “Dopamine Is,” Slate, July 3, 2013, www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2013/07/what_is_dopamine_love_lust_sex_addiction_gambling_motivation_reward.html.

5. Dalai Lama, “Dalai Lama Quotes,” www.dalailamaquotes.org/an-open-heart-is-an-open-mind/.

6. From Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet (HM.2.2.234-235).

7. Jeff Boss, “6 Truths on Why Introverts Make Great Leaders,” Fortune, October 7, 2015, fortune.com/2015/10/07/introverts-make-great-leaders/.

8. Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg, interview by Sarah Carmichael, Harvard Business Review, December 22, 2016.

9. Greg Satell, “The Little Known Secret to Pixar’s Creative Success,” Forbes, May 29, 2015, www.forbes.com/sites/gregsatell/2015/05/29/the-little-known-secret-to-pixars-creative-success/#2f49813938b2.

10. Barbara L. Fredrickson, “The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions” (London: The Royal Society, 2004), 170.

11. Barbara L. Fredrickson, Positivity (New York: Harmony Books, 2009), 170.

12. Sonja Lyubomirsky, Laura King, and Ed Diener, “The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success?” Psychological Bulletin 131, no. 6 (2005): 803–855, www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/bul-1316803.pdf.

13. Elizabeth Cabrera, “The Six Essentials of Workplace Positivity,” Innovation Ecosystem, n.d., innovationecosystem.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/63566498/Cabrera-6essentials.pdf.

14. Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011), 105.

15. Jennifer Lawler, “The Real Cost of Workplace Conflict,” Entrepreneur, June 21, 2010, www.entrepreneur.com/article/207196.

16. Ibid.

17. Kathy Caprino, “How Happiness Directly Impacts Your Success,” Forbes, June 6, 2013, www.forbes.com/sites/kathycaprino/2013/06/06/how-happiness-directly-impacts-your-success/#2d327098618b.

18. Nicole Torres, “Looking for Problems Makes Us Tired,” Harvard Business Review, March 30, 2015, hbr.org/2015/03/looking-for-problems-makes-us-tired.

19. Robert Leahy, “Is Dwelling on the Negative Hurting You? The Cognitive Costs of Rumination,” The Huffington Post, December 30, 2010, www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-leahy-phd/dwelling-on-the-negative-_b_799103.html.

20. Daniel Goleman, Focus: The Hidden Driver of Excellence (New York: HarperCollins, 2013), 150–151.

21. In Scottsdale, Arizona, on March 28, 2017, during his talk at the Annual Business Retreat for membership organization, ISA, the authors heard Joe Brown from IDEO share this statement.

22. Bradley P. Owens, Wayne E. Baker, Dana McDaniel Sumpter, and Kim S. Cameron, “Relational Energy at Work: Implications for Job Engagement and Job Performance,” Journal of Applied Psychology 101, no. 1 (2016): 35–49.

23. Richard E. Boyatzis, “Managing a Negative, Out-of-Touch Boss,” Harvard Business Review, March 28, 2014, hbr.org/2014/05/managing-a-negative-out-of-touch-boss.

24. Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow, 55.

25. Ibid., 60.

26. Author interviews with Jim Kouzes.

27. Author interview with Mike Taigman.

Chapter 9: Mobilize Hearts and Minds Forward

1. John Wesley Powell, The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons (New York: Dover Publishing, 1961).

2. Mark Davis, “Lost in the Grand Canyon,” PBS, www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/canyon/filmmore/transcript/transcript1.html.

3. Powell, The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons

4. Ibid.

5. Craig W. Ross and Angela V. Paccione, ONE Team: 10-Minute Discussions That Activate Inspired Teamwork (Littleton, CO: Verus Global Leadership Press, 2015), 22.

6. “Percentage of Children Asking Questions,” Right Question Institute, 2017, rightquestion.org/percentage-children-asking-questions/.

7. I. Senay, D. Albarracín, and K. Noguchi, “Motivating Goal-Directed Behavior Through Introspective Self-Talk: The Role of the Interrogative Form of Simple Future Tense,” Psychological Science 21, no. 4 (April): 499–504.

8. Sterling A. Bone, “Mere Measurement ‘Plus’: How Solicitation of Open-Ended Positive Feedback Influences Customer Purchase Behavior,” Journal of Marketing Research, 2016, www.researchgate.net/publication/299403296_Mere_Measurement_Plus_How_Solicitation_of_Open-Ended_Positive_Feedback_Influences_Customer_Purchase_Behavior.

9. B. Dervin and P. Dewdney, “Neutral Questioning: A New Approach to the Reference Interview,” Research Quarterly, 25, no. 4 (1986): 506–513.

10. Dan N. Stone, Edward L. Deci, and Richard M. Ryan. “Beyond Talk: Creating Autonomous Motivation through Self-Determination Theory,” University of Kentucky, November 24, 2008, sdtheory.s3.amazonaws.com/SDT/documents/2009_StoneDeciRyan_JGM.pdf.

11. Interview with Dan Robinson.

12. “Principles of Appreciative Inquiry,” Center for Appreciative Inquiry, www.centerforappreciativeinquiry.net/more-on-ai/principles-of-appreciative-inquiry/.

13. Ross and Paccione, ONE Team.

14. Daniel Goleman, Focus: The Hidden Driver of Excellence (New York: HarperCollins, 2013), 30.

15. “Principles of Appreciative Inquiry.”

16. Ibid.

17. Ross and Paccione, ONE Team, 44.

18. Alex “Sandy” Pentland, “The New Science of Building Great Teams,” Harvard Business Review, April 2012, hbr.org/2012/04/the-new-science-of-building-great-teams.

19. Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011).

Chapter 10: Is Your Team Ready to Do Big Things?

1. Jon R. Katzenbach and Douglas K. Smith, “The Discipline of Teams,” Harvard Business Review, July–August 2005, hbr.org/2005/07/the-discipline-of-teams.

2. “How to Survive a Riptide,”WikiHow, www.wikihow.com/Survive-a-Rip-Tide.

3. John Wesley Powell, The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons (New York: Dover Publishing, 1961), 284–285.

4. Ibid.

5. “John Wesley Powell’s First Expedition Down the Colorado River,” PBS, www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/canyon/maps/maptext.html.

6. John Wesley Powell, Don D. Fowler, and Catherine S. Fowler, “John Wesley Powell’s Journal: Colorado River Expedition 1871–1872,” Canyon Legacy 5, no. 1 (1990): 2–12.

7. Ibid.