Index
A
Accomodation, 308
AC/DC, 184
Acid rock bands, 5
ACL, see Aircraft landing light
ACN, see Architecture for Control Networks
Action notations, 64
Actors'Equity Association( AEA), 101
ADB Lighting Technologies, 169–170
AEA, see Actors'EquityAssociation
Aguilera, Christina, 85, 96–97
Aircraft cable, 140, 315, see also Wire rope
Aircraft landing light (ACL) definition, 315 festivals, 237 Morpheus Lights, 163 in PAR, 192
Akasaki, Isamu, 171
Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers(AMPTP), 24
Altman, Charlie, 191
Altman, Robert, 303
Altman, Ronnie, 191
Altman Stage Lighting, 177–178, 191
Amano, Hiroshi, 171
American Graffiti, 4
American Music Awards, 19, 303
Amphitheatres, 11–12, 239–240, 263
AMPTP, see Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers
Ann–Margaret, 87
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) definition, 315 DMX protocol, 219 industry certifications, 24 seismic concerns, 98–99 smoke, 213 truss engineering, 136
Antari, 215
Appice, Vinny, 251
Archdale, Nick, 114
Arched roof, 153
Architecture for Control Networks (ACN), 219–220
Arena characteristics, 41
Arena Hazer, 215
Arie Crown Theatre, 41
Arrow Rock Festival, 238
Art Beats, 189
Arthur Brown, 7
Artist contributions Gil Moore, 298–301 idea rejection, 292 Kevin Cronin, 293–295 needs, 291 relationships, 292 Ronnie James Dio, 295–298 social engagement, 291–292
Artistic style, 45
Artist's manager duties, 17
Artist's requirements preproduction, 42–43 rider requirements, 33
Atmospheric effects amphitheatres, 240 standards, 213 A Tale of Two Cities, 259
Audiovisual specialist duties, 22
Auto-Plot, 230
Avab systems, 117
Avolite Art dimmer rock, 124
Avolite Diamond console, 114
Avolite Diamond 4 Simulator, 232
Avolite Q M-500, 112
Avolite Stage Visualizer, 232
Axon Media Server, 188
B
Babyboom, 3
Backline technicians duties, 20
Badger, Jason, 278
Bahnick, John, 268
The Band, 303
Bandit Lights, 78
Barrel House club, 4
Barton, Nick, 269
Basie, Count, 3
Batman, 161
Bayliss, Tim, 114
The Beauty of Light(Bova), 51
Belafonte, Harry, 5
Bell, Robert, 260
Beller, Andy, 269
Berkey-Colortran, Inc., 207
Berry, Jake, 89
Big Bopper, 73
Big Lite, 201
Blacklights, 206
Blimp, 129
Blind, 115
Blues for Moondog, 4
Boardwalk Hall( Atlantic City), 96–97
Bob Dylan and the Band, 8
Body of knowledge (BOK), 25
Boost, 129
Bornhorst, Jim, 159
Boston Garden, 8
Bova, Ben, 51
Bowie, David, 76
Brant, Doug, 50
Break-in boxes, 127
Brickman, Marc, 19
Brigham Gelatin Company, 207
BriteBurst 2000E, 200
British bands, 7
Broadway shows designer advice, 255–261, 285, 288–289 ellipsoidal luminaires, 83 follow spots, 70 hall types, 41 lighting styles, 52 moving luminaires, 161, 245 risk assessment, 87 theatre consoles, 117 Vector Works, 54
Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, 49, 61, 270–280
Brutsche, Rusty, 159
Buck, 129
Buckley, Tim, 6
Budget artist'side as, 299 designc onsiderations, 282–284 Heaven and Hell, 248, 251 In Rainbows, 263 preproduction, 42 small production, 36 A Tale of Two Cities, 258
Business considerations authorized representative, 32 company employee, 28 contract rider, 32–33 contracts, 31–32 crew contracting, 32 direct contact, 28–29 equipment costs, 30–31 follow-up, 34–35 freelance work, 27–28 income, 29 international touring ethics, 86 per diem, 29–30 promoters and riders, 35–36 rider importance, 33–34 rider items, 33 small production, 36 yellow card, 37
Business manager-designer interaction, 284–285
Butler, Geezer, 251
C
Cable crossovers, 130
Caesar's Palace, 87
`California Jam, 100
Cameleon, 198
Canadian Institute for Theatre Technology (CITT), 24
Capital Theatre, 41
Carlyle, Warren, 257
Cases, 210
Cass, Aaron, 275
Cast Software, 232
Catalyst software, 184–185, 267, 269
Catastrophic failure, 99
Catwalk truss, 135
Ceiling height, 70
Century Lighting Company, 10, 157, 194
Century-Strand, Inc., 10
CFR 1910.132, 93
Chad Mitchell Trio, 5
Chain Master, 149
Channel (N), 48
Cinemoid, 207
Cine Queen, 191
Circuiting
chart paperwork, 210 Color Kinetics, 178 connections, 140 design stage, 51–52, 55 dimming, 123, 125, 127 diode, 172 LEDs, 175 Light Wright, 228 luminaires, 99 transformers, 128 Vari-Lite history, 160
CITT, see Canadian Institute for Theatre Technology
City Theatrical, Inc. (CTI), 205, 221
Clair Audio, 78
Clark Transfer, 74
Clear, 115
Clear Channel Communications,
Clear-channel stations, 4
Close-up shots, 307
CM, see Columbus McKinnon
CMA, 237
Collage generator, 188
Collie, Justin, 50
Color balance, 305–306 design stage, 50–51 LEDs, 173–174 light plot sample, 56–57
Color checker, 211
Color codes, 125
Color Fader, 202
Color organ, 113
Color Ram system, 202
Color rendering index( CRI), 173
Color temperature color checker, 211 definition, 173, 315 designer advice, 270, 279 Japanese tours, 82 live video, 309 Morpheus Lights, 164 moving luminaires, 170 as variable, 57 Vari*Lite history, 160
ColorWash 750 AT Tungsten, 167–168
Columbus McKinnon( CM), 132, 148, 155, 251
Company employee advantages, 28
Complete Control™, 119
Computer-aided drawing (CAD) applications, 54 load cells, 152 plot vs. execution, 52 programs, 234 Radiohead tour, 268 software, 225–227 Springsteen tour, 277
Computerized moving lights, 9
Computer problems, 106
Concert lighting history amphi theatres, 11–12 casinos, 11 cities and venues, 6 England, 6–7 Fillmore closings, 8 Fillmore East, 6 form changes, 8–9 larger venues, 7–8 LED revolution, 12 lighting as business, 9 lighting designers, 12–13 mergers and buyouts, 9–11 new formats, 12 overview, 4–5 San Francisco light show, 5–6
ConcertsWest, 9
Concert Tour Production Management (Vasey), 72
Concord Pavilion, 8
Confetti, 212
Console cradle, 211
Consoles hands-on, 112–114 hybrids, 118–122 manufacturers, 121 matching cues, 60 moving luminaires, 114–116 overview, 111–112 specialized types, 122 theatre consoles, 116–118
Constitution Hall, 41
Contract rider business considerations, 32–33 definition, 315 importance, 33–34 items, 33 and promoters, 35–36 small production, 36
Contrast filter, 305
Contrast range, 315
Control channels computer problems, 106 and dimmers, 123 Heaven and Hell, 251 In Rainbows, 266 layouts, 52 light plot sample, 56 Springsteen tour, 274 A Tale of Two Cities, 259
Conventional lighting audience blinders, 196–197 backlights, 206 beam projectors, 196 color media, 207–208 color scrollers/changers, 201–203 cyclight and farcyc, 196 designer advice, 285 DMX iris, 200 ERS, 194–196 fatlights, 200–201 festivals, 237–238 flame effects, 206–207 follow spots, 197–199 Fresnel, 193–194 gobos, 208–209 man lift, 209 media servers, 187 moving yoke, 204–205 PAR, 191–193 personal accessories, 209–212 projectors, 205–206 sample light plot, 55–57 shutter, 200 strobes, 203–204
Costume designer duties, 20
Counting Crows, 262
Country Music Association (CMA), 237
Covington, John, 159
Cremer, William, 158
Crew contracting, 32 failure, 104–105 international touring, 85 lifestyle, see Road life local production equipment, 241 preproduction, 43–44 Radiohead, 266 Springsteen tour, 275
Crew duties artist's manager, 17 audiovisual specialist, 22 costume designers, 20 crew chief, 20–21 equipment managers, 20 industry certifications, 24–25 laserist, 22 lighting designer, 19 lighting director, 19 lighting programmer, 19 lighting technician, 20 master electrician, 20 monitor engineer, 21 moving luminaire operator, 20 overview, 15–16 production designer, 18–19 production manager, 17 public relations representative, 18 pyrotechnician, 21–22 rigger, 21 road chef, 23 road manager, 17 scenic designers, 20 sound engineer, 21 sound technician, 21 stage manager, 17–18 tour accountant, 18 tour director, 17 tour manager, 17 truck driver, 23 unions, 23–24 video crew, 22–23 video director, 22 wardrobe, 22
Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young, 8
Cue number, 63
Cues cards, 63–65 console picks, 60 cue card, 64 European touring, 80 follow spots, 65–66 looks, 60 monitors, 306 overview, 59–60 placement, 60 verbal communication, 65
Cue-Spot, 198
The Cult, 262
Cultural differences, 79–81, 86
The Cure, 261
Cutaways, 306
Cut sheet, 63
Cyberight Turbo, 165
Cyclight, 136, 178, 196, 202, 307
CYM( cyan, yellow, magenta), 201–203
D
“Dairym arkets”, 71
Daisy chain configuration, 220–221
Dallas Center for the Performing Arts, 255
Dance concert, 5
Dance floor safety, 91
Dawson, Dinky, 71
Decision making, 104
Deep Purple, 100
DeMille, Cecil B., 157
Design stage air light, 48 circuiting and dimming, 51 color, 50–51 color changers, 57
Design stage (Continued) complex designs, 58 design failure, 104 effects, 57 hanging, 54–55 layering, 51 layout and symbols, 51–52 light plot sample, 55–57 luminaire choices, 49–50 luminaire placement, 50 movinglights, 48–49, 57 overview, 47 PAR, 47–48 variables, 57–58
Desk, 315
Dexter, Paul, 54, 62–63, 65, 245–255, 281–288
DF-50 diffusion hazer, 214
DHSS, see Direct sequence spread system
Dichronic profiles pot, 203
Dido, 262
Digital Juice, 189
Digital light defnition, 315 developments, 186–187 Heaven and Hell, 245 media servers, 187–188 Medusa Icon M, 184 overview, 183–184 Springsteen tour, 280
Digital Light Processing (DLP), 184
Digital remote control hoists, 150–151
Dimming definition, 316 design stage, 51 Heaven and Hell, 251 manufacturers, 126 overview, 123–125 problems, 105–106 A Tale of Two Cities, 259
Dio, Ronnie James, 246, 251, 295–298
Diode, 172
Direct contact employment, 28–29
Direct current (DC), 173
Direct sequence spread system (DHSS), 221–222
DL, see Digital Light
DLP, see Digital Light Processing
DMX(digital multiplexed)
adapter, 221
casino venue, 240
consoles, 114
definition, 315
digital light, 185 from Ethernet, 223 Hogi PC, 118–119 iPhone lighting control, 211 iris, 200 media servers, 188 moving luminaires, 179 portable dimming, 125 protocol, 219 and RDM, 220 smoke, 214 strobes, 204 terminator, 221 Wholehog consoles, 115 wireless DMX, 221–223
Dobbin, Kathleen, 259
Don Kirshner Rock Concert, 305, 313
The Doors, 7
Dracup, Blaine, 268
Dresser duties, 22
Dry ice, 215
DVI ports, 119
E
EDDY Designer Award for Lighting Productof the Year, 162
Ediophor, 315
Ed & Ted's Excellent Lighting, 9
Education, 286
Edwin Shirley Trucking (EST), 74
Eight-bar notation cues heet, 62–63
802.11 wireless standard, 315
Electrical hookup chart, 52
Electrical raceways, 140
Electric Factory, 6
Electronic Theatre Controls (ETC) Congo v5 console, 117–118 Eos console, 119 Expression 3 console, 113 Ion console, 113–114 Leko, 195 luminaire choices, 49–50 moving luminaires, 169 PAR and PARnel, 192–193 portable dimming, 124
Electrosonics, 111
Ellington, Duke, 3
Ellipsoidal reflector spotlights (ERS) features, 194–196 festivals, 237 international touring, 83–84 luminaire choices, 49 truss design, 136
Elton John, Live from Verona, 246
Emmett, Rik, 298
End-stage, 315
Energy absorption, 94
England, lighting history, 6–7
Entertainment Services and Technology Association( ESTA) ACN, 219 certifications, 24, 81 fall protection systems, 94 master electrician, 20 rigging safety, 88 smoke, 213 Technical Standards Program, 101 truss engineering, 136
Entertainment Technician Certification Program (ETCP), 24–25
Entertainment Tonight, 271
Eos console, 119
Epic Productions, 9
Equipment costs, 30–31 failure, 105 Heaven and Hell, 250 international touring, 83–84 local production, 241 Radiohead, 266 Springsteen tour, 274 A Tale of Two Cities, 259 types, 84
Erhart, Louis, 157
ERS, see Ellipsoidal reflector spotlights
ēSET, see Essential Skills for the Entertainment Technician
ESP Vision, 232
Essential Skills for the Entertainment Technician (ēSET), 25, 48
EST, see Edwin Shirley Trucking
ESTA, see Entertainment Services and Technology Association
Estefan, Gloria, 73
ETC, see Electronic Theatre Controls
ETCP, see Entertainment Technician Certification Program
Ethics, 86
European Academy for Venue Management (EAVM), 41
Eventer Stage Lift, 144
Ewington, Chris, 267
Executors, 120
Explosion effects, 70
Expression 3 console, 113, 116
Eynon, James, 158
F
Faces, 132
Fails, Gary, 222
Fairs, 239
Fall hazard, 93
Fall protection systems, 93–96
Fans, 217–218
Farcyc, 196
Farm Aid, 237
Faylights, 196
FHSS, see Frequency-hoppings pread spectrum
Filllight, 315
Film vs. HD video, 303–304 live concert logistics, 305 look, 304–305
Fire effects, 70
Flemming, Graham, 7
Flying Pig Systems, 115, 121, 251
Focalpoint, 195
Focus Track, 228
FOH, see Front of house
Follow spot(FS) cue card, 64–65 cueing, 65–66 definition, 316 function, 197–199 international touring, 84 roadlife, 69–70 A Tale of Two Cities, 259
Foreground, 306
`Formes et Lumieres, 158
Forward biased, 173
Found space, 50, 131, 143, 313, 316
Four-pole roof, 153
Frame, 223
Frantz, Don, 257
Freestanding roof, 153
Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS), 221–222
Fresnel color changers, 202 designer advice, 270 equipment, 84 equipment failure, 105 luminaire choices, 49–50 luminaires, 99 micro-Fresnel, 166 purpose, 193–194 truss design, 136
Fresnel, Augustin-Jean, 193–194
Fresnelite, 194
Front of house (FOH), 21, 34–35, 185, 198, 260, 274
FS, see Follows pot
Full body harness, 94
G
Gallaway Company, 132
GAMTORCH, 207
Garcia, Jerry, 6
Gate, 195
GE, see General Electric
Gelatran, 207
GELcore, LLC, 10
Generators Japan, 82–83 portable, 129 power service, 69
Genesis, 159
Genie, 145
Genie IWP Super Series, 209
Gilsbach, George, 81
Ginyard, Jeff, 230
GLC, see Greater London Council
Glycol, 215
Gobos definition, 316 designer advice, 276, 278, 280 function, 208 future technology, 314 lighting consoles, 112 luminaire choices, 50 manufacturers, 209 moving luminaires, 158 PRG, 168 visualization, 232
Golden Globe Awards, 105
Goldenscans, Clay Paky, 114
Goodman, Benny, 3
Google Sketch Up, 225, 227, 247
Gottlieb, Michael, 259
Grace Slick, 5
Graham, Martha, 82
grand MA, 120–122, 227, 269, 278
Grateful Dead, 6
The Great American Market, 207–208
Greater London Council (GLC), 80
The Greatest Show on Earth, 151
Great Society, 5
Greek Theatre (Los Angeles), 11, 16
Green energy efficiency, 313–314
Green Hippo, 189
Green Passamonte, Lisa, 271
Grids complex designs, 58 construction, 142 hall types, 41 hoists, 148 iPhone control, 211 lighting, 140–141 rigging, 84–85, 90 structural failures, 96–97 trusses, 132, 135 truss tower lifts, 147
Ground rigging man, 88
Ground-supported trusses, 140
H
Haitz'slaw, 176
Hakamura, Shuji, 12
Halliday, Rob, 228
Hancock, Hunter, 4
Hang time, 215
Hard Rock Cafe, 11
Harris, Jere, 168
Harrison, George, 8
Haze airlight, 48 amphitheatres, 240 artist's advice, 295, 298, 301 designer advice, 254 drawing programs, 227 as effect, 215–217 LED PAR, 177 live video, 309 safety issues, 101 visualization process, 232
HD, see High-definition
HD-MIDI, 220
Health Effects Evaluation of Theatrical Smoke, Haze, and Pyrotechnics, 101
Hearst Greek Theatre (Berkeley), 11
Heaven and Hell, 245–255, 295–298
Hewlett, Bill, 184
Hexagon truss grid, 135
High-definition (HD), 303–304, 316
High-density dimming, 125, 316
High End Systems, Inc., 10, 115, 165–167, 184–186, 188
Highlight, 115
High man, see Rigging
High Performance Lamp (HPL), 193
High-power LEDs (HPLED), 174
Hill, Faith, 44
HippoNet, 189
Hirschfeld Theatre NYC, 259–260
Hissorich, 157
HMI (hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide) definition, 316 follow spots, 198 Fresnellum inaires, 50 LED efficiency, 172
Hod, 316
Hoffman, John, 278
Hoists and bridles, 150 characteristics, 148 digital remote control, 150–151 international touring equipment, 84 load cells, 151–152 safety issues, 152
Hollingsworth, Dawn, 271
Hook, 59
Horizontal lifeline rig, 95
House of Blues, 11
House staffs, 85
Howlin'Wolf, 3
HTI lamp definition, 316 follow spots, 198 Morpheus Lights, 164 power distributions, 126
Huey Lewis and the News, 8
Huntin' with Hunter, 4
Hybrid consoles Eos, 119 HogiPC, 118–119 Maxxyz, 119–120 overview, 118–122
I
IAAM, see International Association of Assembly Managers
IATSE, see International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IA)
IBC, see International Building Code
IEM, see In-ear monitor system
I-MAG, see Image magnification
Image magnification( I-MAG) follow spots, 67 live performance, 303 projectors, 205 Springsteen tour, 279
i-marc850, 199
Income range, 29
In-ear monitor (IEM) system, 21
Interesting Products, 215
Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 29
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees( IA) circuitry, 52 contracts, 31 definition, 316 income range, 29 rigging safety, 88 rules, 27 unions, 23–24 yellow card, 37
International Association of Assembly Managers (IAAM), 24, 39, 41
International Building Code (IBC), 99
International touring carnets, 77–78 cultural respect, 86 European Union, 78–81 Japan and Asia, 82–86 overview, 77 South America, 81
Interpersonal communication, 103, 233–235, 288–289
INXS, 261
Iommi, Tony, 251
iPhone, 211
Iris, DMX, 200
IRS, see Internal Revenue Service
Izenour, George, 111
J
Jackson, Nick, 252
James, Rick, 246
Janis Joplin, 6
Japan touring business ethics, 86 crew, 85 cultural differences, 80 cultural respect, 86 equipment, 83–84 as foreign market, 77 lighting companies, 83 local power, 83 productions, 82–83 promoters, 85 rigging, 84–85 theatre culture, 82 theatre and halls, 85–86 trucking, 85
Jeopardy!, 271
Jethro Tull, 192
Johanssen, Peter, 53
Joshua Light Show, 6
K
Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts, 255
Kelvin temperature ADB Lighting Technologies, 170 color checker, 211 definition, 173, 316 follow spots, 198 High End Systems, 167 and LEDs, 175 live video, 309 Martin Professional, 165 Morpheus Lights, 164 PAR lamps, 192 Vari*Lite history, 160
Kenny Chesney Live, 303
Keyes, Alicia, 213
Keylight definition, 316 dimmer problems, 105 festivals, 237 issues, 306–307
Keystone correction definition, 316 digitallight, 185 media servers, 188 projectors, 205
Kindred, Graham, 259
Kinesys, 152
King, Albert, 6
King, B.B., 6
King Biscuit Time, 3
Kingston Trio, 5
KISS, 135
Knight, Gladys, 6
Kyoritsu, 82
L
Lag, 316
LAN, see Local area network
Laserist duties, 22
Lasers, 84
The Last Waltz, 303
Late people, 3
Latin Casino, 6
LATP, see League of American Theatres and Producers
Law, Don, 8
Layout consoles, 111, 119, 239 and cues, 59 designer advice, 251, 272, 276 lightplots, 51–52 local stages, 241 truss, 58, 92, 131, 140–141 Virtual Magic Sheet, 228 visualization programs, 232
LD, seeLighting designer
LDI, see Live Design International
League of American Theatres and Producers (LATP), 101
LEC, seeLight-emitting capacitor
LED(light-emitting diode) advantages, 175 audiovisual specialist, 22 camera factors, 306 Color Kinetics, 10 colors and RGB, 173–174 cue lights, 211 digital light, 187 disadvantages, 175 efficiency, 172–173 entertainment applications, 176–177 festivals, 238 Heaven and Hell, 246 high-power LED, 174 history, 171 Japanese productions, 83 lighting revolution, 12 live video, 309 luminaire choices, 49 manufacturers, 176 Maxxyz console, 119–120 moving luminaires, 163, 178–179 organic LED, 174 PAR, 177 power consumption, 314 power sources, 174–175 quantum dot LED, 174 Radiohead tour, 268, 270 sources, 175 special effects, 70 static LED, 178 styles, 176 A Tale of Two Cities, 259 technology, 171–172 walls, 180–181, 183 wash luminaires, 177–178
Lektralink principle, 128
LeMaitre Special Effects, 206–207
Leprecon LP-1600 console, 114
Let's Spend the Night Together, 303
Levine, Mike, 298
The Life, 255
Life on the Road (Dawson), 71
Light-emitting capacitor (LEC), 175
Lighting designer (LD) Andi Watson interview, 261–270, 281–288 budget, 42 carnets, 78 company buyouts, 10 company employee, 28 and consoles, 112 duties, 19 follow spot cueing, 66 interpersonal skills, 233–235 Jeff Ravitz interview, 270–280, 282–289 lighting considerations, 305 Paul Dexter interview, 245–255, 281–288 problem solving, 103 responsibilities, 12–13 Richard Pilbrow interview, 255–261, 281–289 software programs, 225–230 visualization process, 230, 232 visualization programs, 232 visualization studios, 232–233
Lighting directors, 12–13, 19, 29
Lighting programmer duties, 19
Lighting vendors, 242
Lightning Hopkins, 6
Light organ, 113
Light plot basic, 56 color, 51 contract provisions, 31 designer advice, 247, 255, 261, 270, 276, 283 fairs, 239 Heaven and Hell, 250 international touring, 77 layout and symbols, 51–52 local production equipment, 241 music cues, 59 preproduction, 39 Radiohead, 264–265 sample, 55–57 small productions, 36 Smokey Robinson, 55 software programs, 225–226 Springsteen tour, 273 Sweden Rock, 53 A Tale of Two Cities, 258 two-truss, 54 Vector Works, 226 venues, 45 Virtual Magic Sheet, 228
Lights how, 5–6, 8–9, 101, 119, 316
Light Wright, 227–228, 230, 289
Linear screen LED, 181
Line feed, 306
Liquid light projector, 5
Liquid nitrogen fog machine, 216–217
Litepod, 197
LittleBig Lite, 201
Live Aid, 237
Live Design International (LDI), 162, 235
Live video, 309
Local area network (LAN), 188–189, 316
Local lighting vendors, 242
Local production equipment, 241
Long-form concert video, 308–309
Looks artist's advice, 294, 297, 300 background/foreground, 306 close-ups, 307 color, 51 computer problems, 106 definition, 316 designer advice, 246, 251, 270 design stage, 47 dimmer problems, 105 finding, 60 follow spots, 70 lighting variables, 57 Morpheus Lights, 164 preptime, 44 visualization programs, 112
Lost Highway: The Concert, 303
Low Fog Generator, 215
Lucas, George, 4
Lumen per watt, 316
Lumens conventional lighting, 191 definition, 316 digital lights, 187 High End Systems, 166–167, 185–186 Japan touring, 82 LEDs, 172–173, 175 live video, 309 PAR lamp, 192 PRG, 168 Wash luminaire, 163
Luminaire, see also Moving luminaires American, 7 choices, 49–50 circuitry, 52–53 definition, 316 LED, 12 linear screen LED, 181 manufacturers, 198 placement, 50 safety issues, 99–100 static LED, 178 wash luminaire, 177–178
Lynyrd Skynard, 73
Lyric cue sheet, 61
M
MAC III Profile, 165
MacKay, Patricia, 256
Madrix consoles, 122
Malham Lighting Design, Ltd., 158
Malham Photographic Equipment, Ltd., 157–158
Manlift, 209
Mann, Dave, 277
Marconi Labs, 171
Maricopa County Event Center (Scottsdale), 15, 43
Markets, 71
Martin Show Designer (MSD), 227, 232
Master electrician duties, 20
Masterworks Design, Inc., 246–247
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), 101
Matrix, 316
Maxson, Jack, 159
Maxxyz, Martin, 232
MBox Extreme, 189
McCandles, Stanley, 157
McGraw, Tim, 44
McManus, Bill, 6, 132, 134–135, 191
Meals & incidental expenses (M&IE), 29
Med, see Medium flood (Med) lamp
Media server capabilities, 188–189 content, 189–190 definition, 316 and digital light, 183–184, 187–188
Medium flood (Med) lamp, 47–48
Medusa Icon M, 184
Mellencamp, John, 276
Merchandise passport, see Carnets
Messenger Service, 5
Metallica, 16
Metal Masters tour, 142
Metalworks Production Group, 298–299
MGM Grand H otel (LasVegas), 52
Micro-Fresnel, 166
MIDI controls, 20, 119, 189, 220
MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA), 316
Miles, Peter, 114
Mills Brothers, 4
Mime Troupe benefit, 5
Mind Benders, 7
Minneapolis Symphony Hall, 41
Mississippi Delta Blues, 4
Miss Saigon, 161
Mitchell BNC, 304
Mixlight, 158
MMA, see MIDI Manufacturers Association
Mohegan Sun, 11
Monck, Chip, 5–6, 15, 131, 191–192
Monitor engineer duties, 21
Monitors, 306
Montana, Hannah, 76
Monterey Festival, 8
Moody/Ravitz Design Partners, Inc., 271
Moondog Show,
MOR (middle-of-the–road), 5, 316
Morpheus Lights, Inc., 161, 163–164, 198, 202, 270, 276
Morse, Peter, 19
Motley Crue, 246
Mountain Production, 141, 154–155
Moving luminaires ADB Lighting Technologies, 169–170 characteristics, 48–49 consoles for, 114–116 cost and availability, 163 current developmentss, 161–163 design considerations, 289 design stage, 57 ETC, 169 future, 170 Heaven and Hell, 251 High End Systems, Inc., 165–167 history, 157–160 international touring, 83 LED, 178–179 manufacturers, 162 Martin Professional, 164–165 Morpheus Lights, 163–164 operator duties, 20 PRG, 168–169 ROBE Lighting, 167–168 truss design, 136 Vari*Lite history, 160–161
MR16 strip light, 196
MSDS, see Material Safety Data Sheet
Muddy Waters, 6
Multicable characteristics, 127 definition, 316 electrical integration, 140 in film, 313 modern truss, 135
Musical comedy lighting techniques, 9
Music cues console picks, 60 cue book, 60–63 cue card, 63–65 follows pots, 65–66 looks, 60 overview, 59–60 placement, 60 verbal communications, 65
My Cousin Vinny, 71
N
Nakamura, Shuji, 171
Nano-imprint lithography, 173
National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professional (NCQLP), 24
National Indian Gaming Commission, 11
NCQLP, see National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professional
Neal, Andy, 114
Neg Earth, 268
Nelson, Ricky, 73
Neutral-density filter, 309
Nexera LX Profile, 203
Nocturne, 268
O
Oasis, 262
Obie Company, 9
O'Brien, Conan, 277
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 93–94, 143
O'Connor, Sinéad, 261
Offline editing, 232, 304, 316
Ohashi, Kenji, 92
OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes), 174
Ontario Motor Speedway, 100
Opening acts, 44
Orlando Performing Arts Center, 255
Osbourne, Ozzy, 246
Otis, Johnny, 4
Our Town, 255
Outdoor performances, 71
Outriggers, 147
Overexposure, 279
P
Pablo's Lights, 6
Package dimming, 28, 123–124, 316
Paid friends, 29
Panaspot, 163
Pandora's Box Media Server, 189
PANI Projection and Lighting, 196, 205–206
Paperwork programs, 234
PAR (parabolic aluminum reflector) design stage, 47–48 early trusses, 132 ETC, 192–193 at fairs, 239 history, 191–193 LED, 177
PAR–64 and crewing, 43 definition, 316 design stage, 47–48history, 191–192, 313 international touring, 83 Japanese productions, 82 lighting form changes, 9 luminaire choices, 49 Morpheus Lights, 163 portable dimming, 125 small production, 36 Thomas Tower, 145 truss design, 136
Patching computer problems, 106 definition, 316 dimming history, 123 layout and symbols, 52
PC-Beam, 164
Peacock, Ian, 7
Pearce, Eric, 111
PEPS, see Professional Entertainment Production Society
Performance, 16
Perkins, Carl, 4
Peter, Paul, and Mary, 5
Philips Electronics, 10
Phillips, P., 255
Phoebus shutters, 200
Phosphor-based white LEDs, 173
Pilbrow, Richard, 255–261, 281–289
Pine Knob Music Center, 41
Pink Floyd, 7
Pin matrix, 316
PLASA, see Professional Lighting and Sound Association
p-n junction, 172
Polymer LEDs (PLEDs), 174
Pop idol origins, 3
Portable generators, 129
Portable lighting structures, 9
Portable trusses, 131, 141–142
Ports DVI, 119 Ethernet, 223, 317 USB, 122
Positive Productions, 85
Pounce wheel, 207
Powerd istribution consumption, 314 Heaven and Hell, 251 manufacturers, 127 overview, 123–125 power sources, 126–127 racks, 126 sources, 174–175
Power service European touring, 81 Japan, 83 road life, 69 safety issues, 100 South America, 81
PR, see Public relations (PR) duties
Pre-Lite Studios, 233
Premier Global, 9
Preproduction artist's requirements, 42–43 basic checklist, 39 budget, 42 crewing, 43–44 halltypes, 39–42 Heaven and Hell, 253 opening acts, 44 preptime, 44–45 Radiohead tour, 269 rehearsal time, 45 Springsteen tour, 278 stage limitations, 43 timing, 45 venues and artistic styles, 45
Preptime definition, 317 designer advice, 268, 276–277 light plot sample, 56 preproduction, 39
Pre-rig trusses(PRTs), 239
Preset, 63–64, 103, 111, 114, 278
Preston, Billy, 42
Previsualization software, 44–45
PRG, see Production Resource Group
Primary markets, 71
Prince, 184
Private Dancer, 303
Problem solving computer problems, 106 decision making, 104 dimmers, 105–106 failure points, 104–105 overview, 103 preparation, 106–107
Pro Cue, 211
Production designer duties, 18–19
Production manager, 17, 284–285
Production Resource Group (PRG) equipment costs, 30 European touring, 78 Heaven and Hell, 252 industry certifications, 24 larger venues, 8 lighting as business, 9 MBox, 189 moving luminaires, 168–169 visualization studios, 233
Professional Entertainment Production Society(PEPS), 87
Professional Lighting and Sound Association(PLASA), 25, 115, 185
Profiles pots, 49, 195–196, 203
Programming definition, 317 designer advice, 253, 259–262, 268–269, 276–278, 286 digital light, 185 fairs, 239 festivals, 238 lighting consoles, 112, 114–116, 119 media servers, 188 moving luminaires, 178 prep time, 44 smoke, 214 software, 225 timetables, 72 visualization studios, 233
Projections designer advice, 245–247, 252–253, 261, 280 design stage, 47 digital lighting, 183–188 equipment, 84, 196, 205–206, 303 ERS, 195 future technology, 314 LED walls, 180 light plot sample, 56 lights hows, 5–6 luminaires, 49–50 media servers, 188–189 moving luminaires, 158, 166–167 moving yoke, 205 personnel, 15, 22 power distribution, 126–127 roofs, 155 software programs, 226 special effects, 70 stage limitations, 43 trusses, 142 visualization studios, 233
Prolyte Products Group, 138, 147–148
Promoters casinos, 240 color media, 208 company employees, 28 concert history, 8–10 contract riders, 34–36 crew contracting, 32–33 crewing, 43 design stage, 47 and follow-up, 34 international touring, 77, 79–80, 82, 84–86 Japanese, 85 launchers, 211 local productions, 241 power service, 69 prep time, 44 riders, 33, 35–36 safety issues, 87, 91, 96, 98–99, 102 small productions, 36 stage limitations, 43 and tour personnel, 17–18, 21–23
Protocols ACN, 219–220 DMX, 219 manufacturers, 222 RDM, 220
PRTs, see Pre-rig trusses (PRTs)
Psychovisual, 317
Public relations (PR) duties, 18
Pyrotechnical effects artist's ideas, 297 characteristics, 217 international touring equipment, 84 safety issues, 100–101 special effects, 70
Q
Q1 Production Technologies, 9
Quantum Color system, 169
Quantum dot LEDs, 174
Quick silver, 5
Quiet Drive motor control, 169
R
Racetracks, 239
RAID (redundant array of independent disks), 189, 317
Ram lifts, 144
Rank Organisation, 158
Rapael, 262
Ravitz, Jeff, 19, 28, 45, 49, 61–62, 270–280, 282–289
RDM, see Remote Device Management
RDS projectors, 84
RDS Scene Machine, 206
Reading light, 212
Rectangle circuitry symbol, 52–53
Rectifier, 172
Red Car Jazz, 6
Reel EFX, 214
RE-Fan II Turbo, 217
Rehearsal time artist communication, 291 artist's advice, 294, 297, 300 contracts, 31 designer advice, 252–253, 255, 259–260, 268–269, 274–279 fees, 29 follows pots, 70 international touring, 80, 82–83 lighting designer, 12–13, 19 lighting programmer, 19 preproduction, 39, 45 problem solving, 103 Radiohead tour, 269 software programs, 228 trusses, 131 visualization process, 232
Remote Device Management (RDM), 165, 202–203, 220
REO Speed wagon, 34–35, 52, 54, 247, 293–295
Rescue plan, 94
Retractable life line, 95
RGB method, 201
Rhodes, Todd, 4
Ricci, Todd, 278
Ridgeway, Dave, 268
Rigging bridle calculations, 139 characteristics, 148 definition, 317 duties, 21 fall protection systems, 94–95 Heaven and Hell, 251 international touring, 84–85 safety concerns, 88–91 Springsteen tour, 274
R&M Materials Handling, Inc., 149
RMS (root mean square), 317
Road cases, 210
Road Cases Shorts, 246
Road chef duties, 23
Road company, 317
Road Hog Full Boar, 115–116 Roadie: A True Story (at least the parts I remember)(Kuenning), 69, 291
Roadlife follow spots, 69–70 lifestyle, 71–73 overview, 69 power service, 69 special effects, 70 stages and ceiling height, 70 touring, 75–76 transportation, 73–75
Roadrack, 123
Roadshow, 74
Road technician duties, 70
ROBE Lighting, 167–168, 186–187
Robinson, Smokey, 55
The Rock and Roll Show, 4
Rock Star, 246
Rodgers, Bruce, 275
Rolling Stone magazine, 4
Rolling Stones, 8, 65, 80, 131–132, 303
Ron Stage Master, 151
Roscolene, 207
#821 Roscolene, 36
Roscolux, 207
Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead, 255
The Rothchilds, 255
Round, H.J., 171
RS-485 splitter, 220
Russell, Barbara, 285
S
Safe cues, 306
Safety issues fall protection systems, 93–96 focus on task, 100 ground support, 91–92 lifts and hoists, 152 luminaires, 99–100 Murphy's Law, 101–102 overview, 87–88 power hook–up, 100 pyrotechnics, 100–101 rigging, 88–91 seismic concerns, 98–99 smoke, 101 solutions, 102 stage support, 91 structural failure, 96–98 truck loading, 88 trusses, 88
Safety shots, 307
Saturation Bad Boy, 169 color changers, 202 definition, 317 layering, 51
Scenic designer duties, 20
Scott, Jay, 259
SCR, see Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) dimmers
SCR (silicon-controlled rectifier) dimmer, 126–127, 172, 317
SD, see Standard definition
SDT, see Session Data Transport
Sea Changer, 202
Seat harness, 93
Secondary markets, 71
Semiconductor diode, 172
Seminole Indian casinos, 11
Senator Coaches, 73
Session Data Transport (SDT), 219
Sharpe, Ron, 285
Show Boat, 255
SHOWPIX, 167, 178–179, 184, 201
Shutter, 200
Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) dimmers, 126–127, 172
Simply Red, 115
Singlepole support, 154
6-footrule, 93
Skjonberg Controls, Inc., 151
Skunk Anansie, 262
Skyjack, 145
The Sleeping Beauty, 255
Small Faces, 7
Smeeton, Jonathan, 7
Smith, Chris, 261
Smith, Dave, 267
Socapex connectors, 123, 125, 127, 130, 140, 192
Soft Plot, 227
Software programs CAD, 52, 54, 225–227 Catalyst, 184–185, 267, 269 Focus Track, 228 iPhone lighting control, 211 Light Wright, 5, 227–228 media servers, 190 overview, 225 previsualization, 44–45 3D drawing programs, 227 Virtual Magic Sheet, 228 visualization, 112, 232
Song order, 60
Sound engineer duties, 21
Sound system designer, seeSound engineer duties
Sound technician duties, 21
South America tours, 81
South Hampton Guild Hall, 7
Span set, 317
Spears, Britney, 76
Special effects artist's ideas, 294, 296–300 design stage, 57 Heaven and Hell, 251 roadlife, 70 A Tale of Two Cities, 259
Specialz, 267
Spectrum venue, 8
The Spice Girls, 76
Spot chair setup, 142
Spot Co, 114
Stage Lighting, 157
Stage Lighting Design: The Art, the Craft, the Life(Pilbrow), 256
Stage Lighting(Pilbrow), 256
Stageline mobile stage, 154
Stage requirements, 33
Stage safety, 91
Staging companies, 155
Stampede Show, 71
Standard definition (SD), 189, 317
Stansfield, Patrick, 80
Starlight Express, 161
Starr, Ringo, 62
Static LED luminaire, 178
STEALTH display, 180
Stewart, Rod, 132
Strand Lighting, Inc., 10, 50, 60, 117, 124, 194
Streaking, 317
Streamers, 212
Streets of Fire, 161
Stress management, 103
Striplights, 49, 84, 178, 196, 259
Structural failure concerns, 96–98
Studio Command series, 167
Studio Pix, 167
Subtractive color mixing system, 202
Sullivan, Charles, 5
Super Arc 400, 199
Super Bowl Half-time Show, 19
Sweden Rock Festival, 53, 237–238
Synchrolite MX-4000, 201
Synthe FX, 211
T
A Tale of Two Cities, 161, 255–261
Taylor, Brooks, 159
TEA, see Themed Entertainment Association
Technical Standards Program (TSP), 101
Technician duties backline, 20 certifications, 24–25 chain hoists, 149 company employee, 28crewing, 43 designer layouts, 52 dimmers, 124 electrical work, 140 asfirst job, 281, 287–288 follow spots, 66, 70 Japanese business ethics, 86 opening acts, 44 preproduction, 42 problem solving, 103 projectors, 205 pyrotechnician, 21–22, 100–101 road lifestyle, 71–72 safety issues, 87, 93, 98 small productions, 36 software programs, 226 sound, 21 special effects, 70 trusses, 135 unions, 23–24 visualization studios, 233
Telescan, 198
Television lighting, 136
Template circuitry, 52
Terminator, 221
TFA, see Tom Fields Associates
Theatre Projects, 255
Theatre Words, 79
Theatrical education, 286
Theatrical smoke, 70, 213–214, 216, 317
Themed Entertainment Association (TEA), 24
Thompson, Tom, 233
Thrasher, Bob, 274
3D drawing programs, 227
3D Warehouse, 227
Timetables, 72
Tom Fields Associates (TFA), 8, 132
Tommy, 161
Top Rank Bristol Suite, 158
Tour accountant duties, 18
Tour director duties, 17
Touring rack, 124
Tour security/bodyguard duties, 18
Traveling Stages roofs, 155
Trips Festival, 5
Truck examples, 74–75 international touring, 85 loading safety, 88 roadlife, 69 video, 304
Truck driver duties, 23
Trusses box, 147 definition, 317 Def Leppard layout, 92 design, 131 early models, 131–132 electrical raceways, 140 engineering and construction, 136–138 grid construction, 142 Heaven and Hell, 251 In Rainbows, 266 international touring equipment, 84 layouts, 58 lighting grids, 140–141 lighting plot, 54 manufacturers, 137 modernde sign, 134–136 portable, 141–142 raising example, 149 Rocklahoma collapse, 98 safety concerns, 88 spans, 138–140 Springsteen tour, 274 square/box, 133–134 triangle, 132–133 variables, 57
TSP, see Technical Standards Program
Tungsten-halogen lamp (quartz), 165, 167–168, 208, 278, 317
Turner, Tina, 303
U
U2, 28
UBC, see Uniform Building Code
Udo Artists, 85
UDP/IP, 318
Uniform Building Code (UBC), 99
Uniform Commercial Code, 32
United Scenic Artists (USA), 24, 27, 31, 52, 318
United States Institute for Theatre Technology (USITT), 24, 52, 125, 219, 235
Universe definition, 318 DMX, 211, 219 Hog iPC, 118–119 Maxxyz, 119–120 media servers, 187 specialized consoles, 122 Virtuoso DX2, 116
Up Right, 145
Upstaging, 74
USA, see United Scenic Artists (USA)
USB ports, 122
USITT, see United States Institute for Theatre Technology
V
Value-added tax (VAT), 77
Van Halen, 76
Vari*Lite color media, 208 fat lights, 201 history, 10, 160–161 moving luminaires, 48, 83, 114– 116, 157, 159 and PRG, 168 South America tours, 81 technological developments, 161–163 visual media control, 184
Vario lift, 150
Vasey, John, 72
VAT, see Value-added tax
Vaughn, Stevie Ray, 73
V676 console, 116
Vector Works, 54, 225–228, 230, 232, 253, 269, 278
Venue amphitheatres, 239–240 casinos, 240–241 definition, 318 design considerations, 282, 285 fairs and racetracks, 239 festivals, 237–239 Heaven and Hell, 251 In Rainbows, 263 large, 7–8 lighting history, 6 road life, 69 variety, 45
Versa TILE, 180
Versa T ower, 147
Very narrow spot (VNSP) lamps, 48
Video director duties, 22
Virtual Magic Sheet (VMS), 228, 231, 259–261, 289
VirtuosoD X2 console, 116
Visualization process, 230, 232, 253, 269, 278
Visualization software, 112, 232, 234
Visualization studios, 232–233
Visual Terrain, Inc., 8, 28, 271–272
VLZero, 159
V4 Media Server, 189
VMS, see Virtual Magic Sheet
W
Wall-wash luminaire, 177
Walsh, Tom, 159
The Walt Disney Concert Hall: The Backstage Story(Pilbrow), 256
Walton, Tony, 257
Ward, Michael, 260
Wardrobe person duties, 22
Warlock, 5
Warping, 318
Watson, Andi, 78, 178, 261–270, 281–288
WDS, see Wireless distribution system (WDS)
Weather, 71
Weller, Paul, 276
Westsun, 9
Whalley, I an “Avo”, 111
Wheel of Fortune, 271
White, Josh, 6
Whiteman, Paul, 3
TheW ho, 7
Wholehog II console, 115
Wholehog III console, 115
The Will Rogers Follies, 161
Winterland, 8
Wireframe perspective, 229
Wireless distribution system (WDS), 221–222
Wire rope, 93, 99, 143, 318, see also Aircraft cable
Wohleen, Dan, 15–16, 18, 34, 43
Wolfman Jack, 4
Wood, Mike, 10
Woodruff, Patrick, 19
Woodstock, 8
Wybron, Inc., 198
WYG-it, 2, 232
WYSIWYG
CAD programs, 225
prep time, 44
3D drawing programs, 227
visualization programs, 232
Wholehog II, 115
wire frame example, 229
X
Y
YES, 7
Z
Zap Technology, 201
Zazie, 262
Zinn, David, 257
Zorba, 255
ZZYZX, Inc., 232