Web Standards, SEO, and Beyond
Building Findable Websites: Web Standards, SEO, and Beyond
Aarron Walter
New Riders
1249 Eighth Street
Berkeley, CA 94710
510/524-2178
510/524-2221 (fax)
Find us on the Web at: www.newriders.com
To report errors, please send a note to [email protected]
New Riders is an imprint of Peachpit, a division of Pearson Education
Copyright © 2008 by Aarron Walter
Project Editor: Michael J. Nolan
Development Editor: Box Twelve Communications, Inc.
Production Editor: Kate Reber
Technical Editor: Jonathan Snook
Proofreader: Doug Adrianson
Indexer: FireCrystal Communications
Interior design: Charlene Charles-Will, Bumpy Design
Cover design: Charlene Charles-Will
Compositor: Bumpy Design
Notice of Rights
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information on getting permission for reprints and excerpts, contact [email protected].
Notice of Liability
The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of the book, neither the author nor Peachpit shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the instructions contained in this book or by the computer software and hardware products described in it.
Trademarks
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Peachpit was aware of a trademark claim, the designations appear as requested by the owner of the trademark. All other product names and services identified throughout this book are used in editorial fashion only and for the benefit of such companies with no intention of infringement of the trademark. No such use, or the use of any trade name, is intended to convey endorsement or other affiliation with this book.
ISBN 13: 978-0-321-52628-1
ISBN 10: 0-321-52628-7
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed and bound in the United States of America
It’s good to have people on your side, especially when you’re facing big challenges. I had some wonderful people helping me out and cheering me on before, during, and after this process to whom I owe my humble thanks.
Many thanks to acquisitions editor Michael Nolan for giving me the opportunity to share my thoughts on this subject and convincing the great folks at Peachpit Press to give this book a shot.
Thanks to my development editor Jeff Riley for helpful writing advice, entertaining email exchanges, and helping me beat the comma into submission. Thanks also to my technical editor Jonathan Snook for expert advice on all the code and techy stuff within this book. You’re a master of your craft, and I’m grateful to have had your guidance.
Thanks to Glenn Bisignani for pointing me towards a title for this book that best communicates the contents within, and for wisely persuading me away from the one that didn’t.
Thanks to production editor Kate Reber for her sharp eye, and to designer Charlene Will for her aesthetic talents.
Many thanks to my brilliant colleagues and students at The Art Institute of Atlanta who have always kept me on my toes, curious, and inspired. Dr. Ameeta Jadav, my department chair, mentor, and friend, gave me guidance as I prepared to write this book, and much support along the way for which I am grateful. My Senior Project class gave me valuable feedback on the table of contents before a single page was written. Thanks guys.
On an almost daily basis my mother and father-in-law kept me fed with home cooked meals that were a delight and a much needed, kind gesture of support. Thanks Jim and Linda for your unparalleled catering skills.
My mom and dad have given me constant support and encouragement all my life and have always made me feel confident, capable, and loved. These gifts are the most valuable a person can give, and I’m grateful.
My wife Jamie is an amazing person. As I wrote this book she tolerated my distracted mind, put up with my neglected domestic duties, and excused my frequent absences. Through it all she never stopped cheering me on like a dedicated track coach, always making me feel like the finish line was reachable if only I put one foot in front of the other. What a lucky guy I am! I love you, Jamie, and I wrote this book for you. Maybe I’ll read it to you at night when you’re having trouble sleeping.
Finally, I’d like to give a big shout out to my little chipmunk friend outside my office window that has kept me company while writing this book. I sure hope Toots and Colonel Sanders don’t eat you for lunch.
Chapter 1 Introducing Findability
The Development Side of Findability
The Deepest Desires of Search Engines
Beyond Search Engine Optimization
Get Your Team on Board from the Start
Using Your Moral Compass To Guide Your Way
Getting Started with Web Standards
Web Standards and Findability Sitting in a Tree…
Will Search Engines Really Reward Adherence to Web Standards?
Essential Tags that Promote Findability
The Myth of Meta: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Let Go of the Past To Embrace a Findable Future
Accessible Content Is Findable Content
Clearing the Roadblocks Caused by Image Maps
Image Replacement: Accessibility, Findability, and Beauty Converge
The Right and Wrong Way To Use Tables
More Keyword Opportunities in Accessibility Related Elements
Accessibility Pitfalls that Hinder Indexing
The Findability Benefits of Microformats
Making Event Data Portable with hCalendar and hCard
Marking Up Your Contact Information with hCard
More Microformats Worth Investigating
Using Icons To Point Out Microformat Content
Do Search Engines Recognize Microformat Content?
Chapter 3 Server-Side Strategies
File and Folders: The Power of a Name
Choosing and Managing Domain Names
Solving the Google Canonical Problem
Building Search Engine Friendly URLs
Moving Pages and Domains with 301 Redirects
Getting Users Back on Track with Custom 404 Pages
The Elements of a Successful 404 Page
Optimizing Performance for Efficient Indexing
Cache and Dash: Getting Clients To Cache Files
Diagnosing Performance Problems with YSlow
Controlling Search Engine Indexing with Robots.txt
Chapter 4 Creating Content that Drives Traffic
Open Content Generates Attribution
Be Passionate and Authoritative
Appeal to Your Audience’s Interests
Articles, Case Studies, and White Papers
Document Templates, Code Examples, and Other Tools
Targeting Keywords in Your Content
Researching and Selecting Keywords
Placing Keywords in Your Content
Content Development Strategies
Displaying RSS Content on Your Site
More RSS Parsing Opportunities
Using the RSS Parsing System To Create a Link Library
Chapter 5 Building a Findable Blog
Blogging Best Practices To Improve Findability
Write Regularly on a Focused Topic
Link Often, and Link to Other Blog Posts To Generate Trackbacks
Put Keywords in Your Post Titles
Summarize Posts To Direct Traffic Better
Tell People Who You Are and What Your Blog Is About
Cross Link To Circulate Traffic
Encourage Users To Share Your Content With Others
About Duplicate Content Indexing
Making Your WordPress Blog More Findable
Using Categories To Archive by Topic
Summarizing Posts To Direct Traffic Better
Displaying Your Most Popular Posts
Displaying Your Most Recent Posts
Promoting and Tracking RSS Subscriptions with FeedBurner
Encouraging Social Exchanges of Your Content
Automatically Generating an XML Sitemap
Other Handy SEO Plugins for WordPress
Optimizing Content Delivery with Caching
Chapter 6 Adding Search to Your Site
Using Google Custom Search Engine (CSE)
Using Google’s Ajax Search API
Building Your Own Simple Product Search System
Creating a Custom Product Search Tool
Logging Local Searches To Understand Your Site’s Shortcomings
Adding OpenSearch To Your Site
Setting Up OpenSearch on Your Site
Chapter 7 Preventing Findability Roadblocks
Solving JavaScript Navigation Problems
Solving Scripted Style Problems
Using SWFObject for Flash Progressive Enhancement
Chapter 8 Bring Traffic Back With a Mailing List
Tell Them What To Expect and Make It Valuable
Using a Mailing List Management System
Why Use a Mailing List Management System?
Building an Ajax-Powered Subscription System
Monkeying Around with MailChimp
Sign Me Up! The Big Picture of the System
Creating the Subscription Form
Building the storeAddress() Function
Chapter 9 Putting Findability Into Practice
Discovering Problems on Your Site
Keyword Priority and Density Evaluation