2.5

1. $\text{X}-8$, $\text{Y}-9$, $\text{Z}-3$

2. $\text{X}-.40$, $\text{Y}-.45$, $\text{Z}-.15$

2.7

1. bar graph

2. type of robotic limbs.

3. legs only

4. none: .142; both: .075; legs only: .594; wheels only: .189

2.9

1. a.qualitative

2. b.$\text{Unknown}-5$, $\text{Unknown}-2$, $\text{Slight}-4$, $\text{Light/Mod}-2$, $\text{Mod}-3$, $\text{Mod/Heavy}-\text{1}$, $\text{Heavy}-1$

3. c.$\text{Unknown}-.278$, $\text{Unworn}-.111$, $\text{Slight}-.222$, $\text{Light/Mod}-\text{.111}$, $\text{Mod}-.167$, $\text{Mod/Heavy}-\text{.056}$, $\text{Heavy}-.056$

4. f.Unknown

2.11 relative frequencies: $\text{Black}-.175$, $\text{White}-.705$, $\text{Sumatran}-.0035$, $\text{Javan}-.0014$, $\text{OneHorned}-.115$

1. c..88; .12

2.13

1. Explorer

2. remote code execution

2.15

1. .389

2. yes

3. multi-year ice is most common

2.17 LEO–most government owned (43.7%); GEO—most commercially owned (69.1%)

2.19 children have many types of interactions; adults have mainly one type—teaching

2.21

1. response 1: .316; response 2: .462; response 3: .206; response 4: .215

2.23

1. b. public—40% contaminated; private—21.4% contaminated

2. c.bedrock—31.3% contaminated; unconsolidated—31.8% contaminated $z=1.57$

2.29 about 14 classes

2.31

1. 23

2.33 frequencies: 50, 75, 125, 100, 25, 50, 50, 25

2.35

1. frequency histogram

2. fup/fumic ratio

3. .034

4. .695

2.37 2

2.39

1. c. $40-49$

2.41

1. b. .941

2.43 67% of frequencies exceed 3,500 hertz

2.45 most of the PMI’s range from 3 to 7.5

2.47 histogram looks similar to graph; “inside job” not likely

2.49 mean, median, mode

2.51 $\overline{x};\mu$

2.53 sample size and variability of the data

2.55 $\text{mean}=2.72$ ; $\text{median}=2.65$

2.57

1. 8.5

2. 25

3. .78

4. 13.44

2.59

1. 2.5; 3; 3

2. 3.08; 3; 3

3. 49.6; 49; 50

2.61 $\text{mean}=9.72$ ; $\text{median}=10.94$

2.63

1. 67.76; accurate

2. 68; accurate

3. 64; not accurate

4. little skewness

2.65

1. 16.5; increase

2. 16.16; no change

3. no mode

2.67

1. skewed right

2. skewed left

3. skewed right

4. symmetric

5. skewed left

6. skewed left

2.69

1. average permeability value is 73.62 mD; half of the permeability values are less than 70.45 mD

2. average permeability value is 128.54 mD; half of the permeability values are less than 139.30 mD

3. average permeability value is 83.07 mD; half of the permeability values are less than 78.65 mD

4. the permeability value that occurs most often (3 times) is 70.9 mD

5. type B

2.71

1. $\text{mean}=-1.091$ ; $\text{median}=-.655$

2. $-8.11$

3. $\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}=-.519$ ; $\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}=-.520$ ; mean

2.73 largest value minus smallest value

2.77 more variable

2.79

1. 5, 3.7, 1.92

2. 99, 1949.25, 44.15

3. 98, 1307.84, 36.16

2.81 data set 1: 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5; data set 2: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5

2.83

1. 3, 1.3, 1.14

2. 3, 1.3, 1.14

3. 3, 1.3, 1.14

2.85

1. 51.26

2. 128.57

3. 11.34

4. ${\sigma }^2$ and $\sigma$

2.87

1. 43.41; points squared

2. 6.59; points

2.89

1. 2.86

2. 3.26

3. 2.94

4. DM; honey

2.91

1. 6.45; increase

2. 3.883; increase

3. 1.97; increase

2.93 any data set

2.95

1. dollars; quantitative

2. at least 3/4; at least 8/9; nothing; nothing

2.97

1. $\approx 68\mathrm{\%}$

2. $\approx 95\mathrm{\%}$

3. $\approx \mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{l}$

2.99 $\text{range/6}=104.17$, $\text{range/4}=156.25$ ; no

2.101

1. $\overline{x}=94.4,s=5.34$

2. (89.1, 99.8); (83.8, 105.1); (78.4, 110.4)

3. 76.3%, 94.1%, 95.7; Chebyshev

2.103

1. unknown

2. $\approx 84\mathrm{\%}$

2.105 68% ($\approx 675$ senior managers)

2.107

1. (0, 300.5)

2. (0, 546)

3. handrubbing appears to be more effective

2.109

1. at least 8/9 of the velocities will fall within $936\pm 30$

2. No

2.111

1. yes

2. no

2.113 do not purchase

2.115

1. 25%; 75%

2. 50%; 50%

3. 80%; 20%

4. 16%; 84%

2.117

1. 2

2. .5

3. 0

4. $-2.5$

5. sample: a, b, d; population: c

6. above: a, b; below: d

2.119 $\mu =60,\sigma =10$

2.121 21^st percentile

2.123

1. $z=-3.83$

2. $z=-.46$

2.125

1. 23

2. $z=3.28$

2.127

1. $z=-1.57$

2. $z=-3.36$

2.129

1. $z=5.08$

2. $z=-.81$

3. yes

2.131

1. $z=2.0$ : 3.7; $z=-1.0$ : 2.2; $z=.5$ : 2.95; $z=-2.5$ : 1.45

2. 1.9

3. $z=1.0$ and 2.0; $\mathrm{G}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{A}=3.2$ and 3.7; mound-shaped; symmetric

2.133 upper and lower quartiles

2.135 unusually large or small observation

2.137

1. 4

2. $Q_U\approx 6,Q_L\approx 3$

3. 3

4. skewed right

5. 50%; 75%

6. 12, 13, and 16

2.139 two suspect outliers: 85 and 100

2.141 CC: 3 outliers; CT: 2 outliers; TT: none

2.143

1. $-1.26$

2. No

2.145

1. no, $z=1.57$

2. yes, $z=-3.36$

2.147

1. 69, 73, 74, 76, 78, 81, 81, 83, 84, 84 and 85

2. 69, 73, 73, 74, 76 and 78

3. no; highly skewed data

2.149

1. b.${\sigma }_2{}_{011}=121.5;{\sigma }_2{}_{014}=134$

2. c.no

2.151

1. 3 outliers: 117.3, 118.5, 122.4

2. 1 outlier: 50.4

3. no outliers

4. Group A: mean and standard deviation will decrease; Group B: mean will increase, standard deviation will decrease

2.153 yes; $z=-1.125$ for syntactic complexity score and $z=-.96$ for lexical diversity score

2.155 quantitative

2.157 weak positive linear trend

2.159 positive linear trend

2.161 negative linear trend

2.163 negative trend, nonlinear

2.165

1. weak negative linear trend

2. weak positive linear trend

2.167

1. negative trend

2. positive trend with both plant coverage and diversity

2.169 Yes; accuracy decreases as driving distance increases

2.171

1. b. information for last year incomplete

2. c.complete data for 2006 and following years

2.173

1. mean

2. median

2.175 skewed data sets

2.177 small data sets

2.179

1. $-1$, 1, 2

2. $-2$, 2, 4

3. 1, 3, 4

4. .1, .3, .4

2.183

1. $\overline{x}=5.67,s^2=1.07,s=1.03$

2. $\overline{x}=-\$1.5,s^2=11.5,s=\$3.39$

3. $\overline{x}=.413\%,s^2=.088,s=.297\%$

4. 3; $10; .7375%

2.185 yes, positive

2.187

1. a. $39/266=.147$

2. b. $\text{level}2-.286$, $\text{level}3-.188$, $\text{level}4-.327$, $\text{level}5-.041$, $\text{level}6-.011$

3. e. level 4

2.189

1. histogram

2. 15

3. .197

4. .539

2.191

1. b. $z=-1.06$

2.193 about twice as many interviews as all other types ­combined

2.195

1. $19\pm 195$

2. $7\pm 147$

3. SAT-Math

2.197 (1.28, 1.66)

2.199 Over half of the whistle types were “Type a”

2.201

1. Seabirds—quantitative; length—quantitative; oil—qualitative

2. transect

3. oiled: 38%; unoiled: 62%

4. distributions are similar

5. $3.27\pm 13.4$

6. $3.50\pm 11.94$

7. unoiled

2.203

1. b. yes

2. c. $\text{A}1775\text{A}:xQ=19,462.2,s=532.29;\text{A}1775\text{B}:xQ=22,838.5,s=560.95$

3. d. cluster A1775A

2.205 yes; $z=-2.5$

2.207

1. median

2. mean