Index
abundance, 7, 14, 67, 94, 188, 194–195
accidents, 156
addiction: gambling, 137, 138–139, 140, 143, 150
income inequality and, 166
neuroscience behind, 136–138, 140
protections against, in virtual space, 148–151
social media/networking, 144–145, 148–151
virtual space/Internet, 132–133, 136–146, 148–151
advertising industry, 62–64, 89, 90, 120–123, 134–135
Agricultural Revolution: Autonomous Revolution contrasted with, 25–26
cities’ origin in, 24, 25–26, 35, 151–152, 183–184
constitutional rights crafted during, 159
cultural norms’ creation in, 151–152
governance rules and systems shift in, 25
population growth during, 35, 36
Second, 24–25
social phase change of, 6, 11, 13, 14–15, 17, 21, 23–25, 26, 36–37, 134, 183–184
structural transformations early in, 23–24, 134
substitutional equivalence in, 14–15
timeline/rates of change, 13, 17, 21, 25, 36–37, 193
airline industry, 72, 97–98, 103–104
algorithms and algorithmic prisons, 13, 114, 123–128
AlphaGo, 46–47
Amazon, 64–65, 87–88, 90–91, 119, 150
“Amazon Effect,” 105
Anglo-Saxon culture, 162–163, 166
Arthur, W. Brian, 29, 97–98, 103, 194
artificial intelligence: in behavior prediction and modification, 117
history and evolution of, 45–47
in law enforcement, 115
nonmonetizable productivity of, 60
substitutional equivalences with, 15–16, 45
threats from, xi, xii, 4, 16, 43, 48–49, 110, 117
Assante, Michael, 174
authoritarianism, 115, 158–159, 161–162, 180, 193
automatons/automation: in airline industry, 72, 97–98, 103–104
benefits possible from, xii, 4–5, 7, 14, 19
economy impacted by, 12–13
in financial industry, 10, 43, 77–78, 81–83, 102
government service and, 105
health care impacts with, 14, 48
human knowledge pursuit impacted by, xi, 16
job displacement predictions with, 98, 105–106
job market impacts from, 7, 11, 12, 31, 34, 43, 47–49, 73, 77–78, 95–106, 108, 187–189
automobile industry: autonomous vehicle evolution and impact on, 84, 99–102
car-sharing impact on, 70, 84–86, 100, 101–102
Ford Motor Company production in, xii, 22, 33, 53, 103
horse-related industry impacted by, 54
Industrial Revolution role of, 53–54, 152
industrial robots and early use in, xii
infrastructures as result of, 107–108
innovations leading up to, 52–53
social phase change with, 32, 53–54
Autonomous Economy, 60–61, 96–98
Autonomous Revolution: abundance available with, 7, 14, 67, 94, 188, 194–195
action-oriented approach to, 7, 14, 17, 19, 20, 94, 107, 180
Agricultural Revolution contrasted with, 25–26
cultural norms in adaptation to, 151, 153–157, 159
defining and key factors of, 6, 11, 34, 58, 95
optimism and, 193–195
rate of change in, 13, 17–18, 34, 37, 192–193
recommendations for offsetting negative impacts of, 107–112
substitutional equivalence forms and examples of, 15–17, 42–50. See also specific topics
autonomous vehicles, 44, 70, 185
automobile industry evolution of and impacts from, 84, 99–102
urban environments and population impacts from, 108–109
BAADD companies, 88–93
banking. See cyber currencies; financial industry; payment systems
bank robberies, 39–40
Bardeen, John, 55
behavior manipulation, 125, 134–137
by gaming industry, 89, 138–144
in retail sector, 13, 117, 121, 123
Belorossov, Dimitry, 40
Benz, Karl, 53
Bergman, Shawn, 146
Bill of Rights. See constitutional rights
Blackstone, William, 127
Blockbuster, 50, 65, 88, 98–99
Brack, J. Allen, 143–144
Brattain, Walter, 55
Britain, Industrial Revolution in, 29–30
Brown, Tina, 63
business models: customers becoming products in new, 120–123
financial industry transformation of, 74–83
freemium, 70, 73, 121–123, 129–130, 169
media industry shift in, 9–10, 72–73
non-monetizable productivity relation to shifting, 60, 65
sharing economy, 83–87
substitutional equivalence and smaller markets in new, 87–88, 103
Butler, Nicholas, 2–3
Campbell, W. Keith, 146
Capek, Karel, 45
cars. See automobile industry; autonomous vehicles
casinos. See gambling addiction
Chandler, Alfred, 33
change: harbingers of radical, 1–4
Hegel on late understanding of, xiii
Heraclitus on constant of, ix–x, xiv. See also phase change; social phase change; timeline/rates of change
chess-playing computers, 45, 46
Christensen, Clayton, 87
Christianity, 27, 162–163, 166
church authority, 28, 152, 162
cities/urban environments: Agricultural Revolution’s role in origin of, 24, 25–26, 35, 151–152, 183–184
autonomous vehicles’ role in population of, 108–109
Industrial Revolution’s role in growth of, 30, 160
Transportation Revolution’s impact on, 31–32
citizens: democracy dependent on unity of, 163, 166, 168
polarization of, 95, 115–116, 158, 161, 165, 167–168, 189–190, 194, 195
social networking impacts on unity of, 166–170
unity role in government function, 161–166, 168
value system unity and commitment of, 193–195
Clark, Luke, 140
climate change, 21–22
Collison, Patrick and John, 78
commercial entities: behavior manipulation by, 13, 117, 121, 123
displacement business for, 71, 72–73, 99
Industrial Revolution’s rise in power of, 17, 34
virtual, 3–4, 7, 34, 50, 64–65, 89–92
commercial trends, key, 4, 71, 73
communications revolution, 27–28
computer industry: artificial intelligence history in, 45–47
integrated circuitry history of and impact on, 55–56, 58
and microprocessor history, 55–56, 172
monetizable productivity with early, 55–56
non-monetizable productivity in, 18, 58
semiconductor history of and impacts on, 54–55, 56–57
timeline and adoption rate for, 22–23, 55–56
virus/malware history in, 39–40, 172–173
Computer Revolution, 29, 39–40, 99, 111, 182
constitutional rights, 113, 114, 127, 159–160, 162, 168–170
consumers. See customers/consumers; retail sector
cookies, Internet, 89, 116, 117–118, 128
corporations. See commercial entities
credit cards: cash contrasted with, 41–42
cost of and security risk with, 74–76
cyber/mobile payment systems replacing, 10, 76–77, 81–82, 171, 186
emergence and scale timeline of, 82
information equivalents for, 76–77
credit rating agencies, 118–119, 126, 130
crowd-sourcing, 70–71
cryptocurrency. See cyber currencies
cultural lag, 38, 181, 187, 189–190, 192
cultural norms: of Agricultural Revolution, 151–152
Autonomous Revolution’s requirement of new, 151, 153–157, 159
of Industrial Revolution, 152–153, 182–183
customers/consumers: algorithmic prisons for, 126, 127
data collection protections for, 127–128
industrial robots in relation to, xii
information equivalences for, 43–44
as products, 120–123. See also retail sector
cybercrime and security, 132, 153–154
credit card, 74–76
cyber currencies, 78–80, 177–178
evolution of, 172–173
fake news classification as, 169–170
financial, 39–40, 75–76, 78–80, 171–172, 177–178
global effort needed for, 179
government response to, 172–176, 179
public utilities threat with, 173, 174
response rate relation to rate of, 171–172
Russia-based, 174
blockchain technology of, 79, 80
electricity and miners involved with, 176
governance rules and systems, 176–178
government regulation needed for, 176–177
as spatial equivalence, 16
cyber weapons, 16, 172–173, 174, 176
Daimler, Gottlieb, 53
Data and Goliath (Schneier), 127
Data Protection Directive, 129
data tracking/collection: advertising revenues’ role in, 89, 90, 120–123
algorithmic prisons with, 13, 114, 123–128
behavior manipulation in, 117, 121, 123
consumer protections against, 127–128
cookies’ role in, 89, 116, 117–118, 128
of credit rating agencies, 118–119
evolution and factors behind abuses of, 116–118
freemium business model role in, 121–123, 129–130
government agencies purchasing, 119, 131
information fiduciaries as protection for, 129–131
laws and regulations on, 128–130
liberty threats to and factors with, 13, 116–117, 123–128
privacy threat evolution with, 116–119
from social networking sites, 116, 118
transparency of, 127
Death and Life of Great American Cities, The (Jacobs), 109
Deep Blue, 46–47
delivery services, 102
democracy: authoritarianism threat to, 158–159
collective identity of citizens key to, 163, 166, 168
income inequality in relation to, 163–164
social media/networking threats to, 7, 18, 168–169
Dichter, Ernest, 135
discrimination, 162–163, 165–166
displacement: business, 71, 72–73, 99
job, with job creation historically, 51–54, 106
job, without new job creation, 43, 51, 60–64, 98–99, 105–106
Distracted Minds (Gazzaley), 155
Echo, 119
economic policy and metrics: Depression-era, 67, 160
on monetizable productivity, 58–59
non-monetizable productivity in relation to, 52, 58–59, 66, 67, 68
unemployment rates in relation to, 106–107
“Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren” (Keynes), 187–189
economy: automation impacts on, 12–13
entrepreneurship, 110
Second Economy contrasted with traditional, 97–98, 103
sharing, 70, 83–87, 100, 101–102
social empathy decline with decline of, 164–165
traditional compared to Autonomous, 96
elder care, 111
election tampering, 89, 167, 180, 186
electricity: cyber currency mining use of, 176
ELIZA, 46
Elsevier, Reed, 119
emotion detection technology, 115–116
empires, rise and fall of, 6–7, 24–25
End of History and the Last Man, The (Fukuyama), 158
Enlightenment, xii, 2, 22, 152
entrepreneurship, rates of, 110
Epic of Gilgamesh, The, 24, 183–184, 185
Estonia, 174
ethnicity. See race and ethnicity
expertise, impairment with, 2–3
addictive design elements of, 144
BAADD practices of, 88, 90, 91
content governance policies of, 168
cyber currency under, 10
emotion detection technology, 115
employee to user ratio for, 86, 105
evolution unpredictability of, 180
freemium business model profiting, 122–123
narcissistic personality proliferation on, 146–147
revenue, 150
Snapchat competition with, 91
usage decline, 154
facial recognition, 116
fake news, 18, 150, 168, 169–170
farming, 25, 152, 159, 160. See also Agricultural Revolution
FarmVille, 140
Filter Bubble, The (Pariser), 125
financial crisis (2008), 73–74, 106–107, 178–179
financial industry: asset and hedge fund management automation in, 77–78
automatons/automation in, 10, 43, 77–78, 81–83, 102
business model transformations in, 74–83
cash to credit evolution in, 41–42
cybercrime, 39–40, 75–76, 78–80, 171–172, 177–178
Iceland’s reforms in, 178–179
information equivalence in, 74, 76–77, 83
mobile/cyber payment systems in, 10, 76–77, 80–82, 83, 171–172, 186
money transfer automation in, 78
non-monetizable productivity impacts on, 61
online banking evolution in, 10–11, 39–40
peer-to-peer payments systems in, 10, 76–77, 80–81, 83, 186
robo-advisers in, 10, 77, 82–83
structural transformations in, 10–11
substitutional equivalences in, 39–40, 41–42, 43, 45, 72
virtualization future in, 81–83, 102
virtual tellers, 81–82. See also cyber currencies
Ford Motor Company, xii, 22, 33, 53, 103
foreign relations, 179–180
freedoms. See liberty, threats to
freelance jobs, 7, 34, 63, 84, 85, 94
free-market ideologies, 31
alternatives to, 110–112
governance by, 186–187, 192, 193
freemium business model, 70, 73, 169
data tracking/collection with, 121–123, 129–130
Facebook and Google profiting from, 122–123
free speech, 168–170
Fukuyama, Francis, 158
gambling addiction, 137, 138–139, 140, 143, 150
game-playing software/computers, 45–47
gaming industry: addictive behavior engineered by, 89, 138–144
and addictive behavior protections in China, 132
dynamic difficulty adjustment technique in, 141
spatial equivalence with online, 16–17, 49
virtual community creation in, 141–142
World of Warcraft impact on, 140–144
Gazzaley, Adam, 155
GDP. See gross domestic product
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), 128–129
gig economy, 7, 34, 63, 84, 85, 94
Glued to Games (Rigby), 142
Go game, 46–47
Goodwin, Tom, 70
AlphaGo introduction by, 46–47
antitrust violations of, 93
data tracking/collection deflection, 128
freemium business model profiting, 122–123
revenue, 150
governance rules and systems: Agricultural Revolution shift in, 25
cultural lag’s role in, 181, 187, 189–190, 192
cyber currencies, 176–178
Facebook content, 168
free-market approach to, 186–187, 192, 193
Industrial Revolution, 33, 34, 182–183
leadership essential in new, 7, 189, 190, 194
moral authority’s role in, 191
printing and book production impact on, 28
religions’ emergence impact on social, 27
social phase change impact historically on, 27, 37–38, 182–183
social phase change present-day need for new, 1–2, 6, 181, 183, 185–187, 189–195
substitutional equivalence impact on, 18, 40–41, 181
of virtual spaces, 17, 92–93, 154, 168–170, 185–186. See also business models; laws and regulations
government(s): authoritarian, 115, 158–159, 161–162, 180, 193
automation replacing actors of, 105
citizen unity role in function of, 161–166, 168
cybercrime response from, 172–176, 179
cyber currency regulation needs by, 176–177
data purchasing practices of, 119, 131
election tampering by foreign, 89, 167, 180, 186
future predictions for, 158–159, 180
history and evolution of US, 159–161
of Iceland financial reforms, 178–179
Industrial Revolution and rise of, 160–161
regulation, social phase change increasing, 160–161, 193
surveillance practices of, 115, 119. See also laws and regulations
Greece, tax fraud in, 190
Greeley, Horace, 159
gross domestic product (GDP), 163
displaced workers and growth of, 105
farming role historically in, 159
monetizable productivity historical impacts on, 52, 55–56, 57
non-monetizable productivity impacts on, 52, 58–59, 66
as quality of life metric, 66–67
Gutenberg, Johannes, 27
Hachette, 90–91
Healey, Jason, 174
health care and insurance, 14, 48, 110, 111, 161
health/illness, 20, 95, 149–150, 166. See also addiction; mental health
Hegel, G. F. W., xiii
Hidden Persuaders, The (Packard), 135
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 170
Homeland Security, US, 175
Homestead Act of 1862, 159
housing market, 96
Huygens, Christiaan, 52
Hyman, Ira, 155–156
IBM, 55–56
iGen, 147–148
illness. See health/illness
income: decline in median, 96–97
Depression-era policies on, 160
housing prices increase relative to, 96
retirement, 152–153
total US household, 194
income inequality: democracy in relation to, 163–164
gig economy’s impact on, 7, 34, 63, 84, 85, 94
history of reversing, 96
Industrial Revolution’s impact on, 160
non-monetizable productivity increasing, 67
polarization fueled by, 95, 158, 165
political inequality in relation to, 165
present-day levels of, 13, 31, 163–164, 191–192, 194
self-reinforcing generational cycle of, 165
sharing economy’s impact on, 86–87
social empathy decline with rise in, 164–165
solutions and action toward, 94, 194–195
tax solutions to, 94
in US compared with Sweden, 192
income tax. See taxes
Industrial Revolution: automobile’s role in, 53–54, 152
change rate and timeline for, 13, 17–18, 21, 29, 37, 193
cities/urban growth in, 30, 160
commercial entities’ rise in power during, 17, 34
constitutional rights adapting to, 159
cultural norms created with, 152–153, 182–183
general-purpose technologies driving, 29
governance rules and systems, 33, 34, 182–183
government rise during, 160–161
ideologies birthed during, 31
income inequality with, 160
job market impacts with, 29–31
monetizable productivity of, 59–60
monopolies rise during, 160
Ohlone tribal lifestyle ended with, 20
phases and drivers of, 28–29, 182
population growth in relation to, 30, 32, 35, 37
present-day phase of, 4, 34, 182
printing and book production role in birth of, 28
Second Agricultural Revolution at start of, 24–25
social phase change outcomes during, 6, 11, 28–32, 183, 187–189
steam engine power in, 29, 30, 31, 36, 51, 54, 182
structural transformations of, 29, 160
substitutional equivalence in, 15
textile industry in, 29–30, 33, 51
violence with adaptation to, 14
Information Age. See Computer Revolution
information equivalence, 181
in financial industry, 74, 76–77, 83
in hospitality industry, 44, 86
for restaurants, 71–72
for retail shopping, 43–44
structural transformation in relation to, 44–45
information fiduciaries, 129–131
information proxies, 43–44, 45, 83
Innovator’s Dilemma, The (Christensen), 87
integrated circuits, 55–56, 58
intelligence equivalence, 16, 42, 45–49, 181
intelligent machines: game-playing, evolution of, 45–47
health care impacts with, 14, 48
history and evolution of, 45–46
inelastic markets impacted by, 62
job market threats from, 47–49, 61–62, 63
journalist competition with, 63
non-monetizable productivity creation with, 51–52, 60–64
social phase change driven by, 11. See also artificial intelligence; automatons/automation
internal combustion engine, 52–53
Internet: addiction to, 132–133, 136–146, 148–151
banking evolution, 10–11, 39–40
cookies, privacy threats with, 89, 116, 117–118, 128
human knowledge development impacted by, xi, 16
newspaper industry’s impact with, 62–64, 87–88
as public utility, 92
threats and stalking in, 153–154
virtual corporations’ rise with, 4. See also cybercrime and security; cyber currencies; data tracking/collection; virtual space
Internet of Things (IoT), xi, 16, 56, 145–146
iPhone, 89–90
Jacobs, Jane, 109
job market: algorithmic prisons impacting, 124, 125–126
artificial intelligence and job loss in, 43, 110
automation’s impact on, 7, 11, 12, 31, 34, 43, 47–49, 73, 77–78, 95–106, 108, 187–189
business model substitutions and decline in, 103
car-sharing’s impact on automotive, 85, 100, 101–102
contract workers/gig economy increasing in, 7, 34, 63, 84, 85, 94
Depression-era policies in protection of, 67, 160
in early computer industry, 55–56
in farming in 1800s compared to present-day, 25, 152, 159
financial industry automation and loss of, 43, 102
health decline with declining, 95, 166
Industrial Revolution’s impacts on, 29–31
for infrastructure construction, 109–110, 112
intelligence equivalence’s impact on, 47–49
intelligent machines as threats to, 47–49, 61–62, 63
job displacement/creation cycle historically in, 51–54, 106
job displacement without job creation in, 43, 51, 60–64, 98–99, 105–106
legal services, 104
media industry shifting, 72–73, 98–99
monetizable productivity’s impact on, 55–56, 57, 59–60
multiplier effect in automation-based job loss in, 102–103
newspaper, Internet impacts on, 62–64, 87–88
non-monetizable productivity’s impact on, 58, 60–61, 63, 65–66, 106
public utilities, 104
retail industry virtualization and loss of, 102
service industries automation and, 106
sharing economy’s impacts on, 83–87
socially useful, monetizing of, 111–112
structural transformations in, 97–98, 163, 183
substitutional equivalence’s impact on, 47–49, 72–73, 98–99, 103
tax preparation, 104
travel industry automation and decline in, 73, 103–104, 108
unemployment rates, 1, 105, 106–107, 111
unions and workers’ rights discourse emergence in, 30–31
virtual corporations’ impact on, 34, 64–65
virtualization impact on, 71, 102, 103–105
workweek alternatives for, 111, 188, 189, 192
journalism, 12, 18, 28, 63. See also newspaper industry
Kasparov, Garry, 46
Keynes, John Maynard, 187–189, 192, 194
labor productivity, 57–58, 105
law enforcement, 115
laws and regulations, 18
compliance, voluntary, 190
cyber currency, 176–177
fake news, 169–170
privacy protection, 128–130
social phase change increasing, 160–161, 193
workers’ rights, 30–31, 160. See also governance rules and systems
legal system and services, 104, 114
Lenoir, Étienne, 53
liberty, threats to: action necessary to combat, 180, 190, 193, 194
in China, 115
data collection factors and evolution in, 13, 116–117, 123–128
historical protections for, 113–114
Libra, 10
life expectancy, 166
Madison, James, 113–114
management systems. See business models; governance rules and systems
manufacturing industry, xii, 33–34, 53
Marxist philosophy, 31
massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), 16–17, 137
Maybach, Wilhelm, 53
McNamee, Roger, 149
media industry: business model shifts in, 9–10, 72–73
customers becoming products in, 120–123
physical to virtual transformations in, 9–10, 11, 50, 65, 73, 98–99
printing press in origins of mass, 28
substitutional equivalence’s impact on job market, 72–73, 98–99. See also social media/networking
Melting Pot, The (Zangwill), 162
metrics: labor productivity, problems with, 57–59, 105
quality of life, 66–68. See also economic policy and metrics
middle class, decline of, 59, 67, 95–97, 105, 163, 164
Minsky, Marvin, 46
MMORPGs. See massively multi-player online role-playing games
money lending, peer-to-peer, 80–81, 83
monopolies: BAADD, 88–93
commercial trend of, 71
independent companies acquired by, 91–92
Industrial Revolution and rise of, 160
laws and regulations on, 93, 160
network effects of virtual, 89–92
platform, 90–92
Morhaime, Mike, 141–142
Morris, Robert Tappan, 172
multitasking, 155–157
Murray, Charles, 110–111
network effects, 89–92
neural networks, 45–47
newspaper industry, 28, 62–64, 87–88, 169
number systems, emergence of, 24, 25
Ohlone tribe, 19–20
operant conditioning, 136–138
optimism, 193–195
Otto, Nikolaus, 53
Pariser, Eli, 125
Parker, Donn, 75
payment systems, 10, 76–77, 80–82, 83, 171–172, 186
pharmaceutical industry, 57–58
phase change, defining, x, 8–9. See also social phase change
polarization, 161
income inequality fueling, 95, 158, 165
new solutions needed to combat, 189–190, 194, 195
social networking fueling, 115–116, 167–168
population growth: and Agricultural Revolution, 35, 36
autonomous transportation role in urban, 108–109
and Industrial Revolution, 30, 32, 35, 37
postal service, email impact on, 60–61
Pound, Ezra, 19
printing press, 22, 23, 27–28, 152
privacy: BAADD companies abuses of, 89
credit rating agencies’ threats to, 118–119
data collection evolution in threat to, 116–119
governmental practices’ abuse of, 115, 119
information fiduciaries in protection of, 129–131
Internet cookies and threats to, 89, 116, 117–118, 128
laws and regulations, 128–130
protection actions, 14, 116, 128–130. See also data tracking/collection; surveillance
productivity: challenges in calculating, 65
distribution problem with increase in, 194–195
labor, metric problems, 57–59, 105
productivity, monetizable: early computer industry, 55–56
economic policy based on, 58–59
of Industrial Revolution, 59–60
job market impacts with, 55–56, 57, 59–60
for socially useful work, 111–112
technologies historically creating, 52–60
productivity, non-monetizable: computer industry present-day, 18, 58
economic policy and metrics with, 52, 58–59, 66, 67, 68
of email, 60–61
income equality declining with, 67
intelligent machines’ role in creating, 51–52, 60–64
of Internet news services, 63–64
job market impacts of, 58, 60–61, 63, 65–66, 106
middle class impacted by, 59, 67
with social phase change, 58–59
progress: metrics, 36, 68–69, 189
narratives of, conflicting, xii–xiii, xiv
Protestant Reformation, 22, 27–28, 152
public utilities, 92, 93, 104, 173, 174
quality of life, 66–67, 68, 69, 195
race and ethnicity, 162–163, 165–166
railroads, 25, 29, 31, 33–34, 107
rates of change. See timeline/rates of change
Reagan, Ronald, 180
retail sector: Amazon BAADD practices for, 90–91
behavior manipulation in, 13, 117, 121, 123
cyber attacks in, 173
innovation adoption in, 87
physical to cyber transition in, 43–44, 102
surveillance data use in, 117
retirement income, 152–153
Reuther, Walter, xii revolutions. See Agricultural Revolution; Autonomous Revolution; Computer Revolution; Industrial Revolution; Transportation Revolution
Rifkin, Jeremy, 84–85
Rigby, Scott, 141, 142, 143, 144
rights. See constitutional rights; data tracking/collection; liberty, threats to; privacy; workers’ rights robots. See artificial intelligence; automatons/automation; intelligent machines
Romans, ancient, 26
Roosevelt, Theodore, 160
rules. See governance rules and systems
R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) (Capek), 45
Scheve, Kenneth, 163
Schneier, Bruce, 127–128
Schultz, Wolfram, 137
Schumpeter, Joseph, 54
security. See cybercrime and security; privacy
sharing economy, 70, 83–87, 100, 101–102
Sharing Economy, The (Sundararajan), 83, 85
Shkreli, Martin, 57–58
Shockley, William, 55
Silicon Valley, 1, 4, 19, 103, 136, 149
Skinner, B. F., 136–137
Skoll Foundation, 68
Small, Gary, 137–138
accidents with use of, 156–157
generation growing up with, 147–148
peer-to-peer payments systems for, 10, 76–77, 186
surveillance through, 115–116, 119
social media/networking: addiction to, 144–145, 148–151
citizen unity impacted by, 166–170
customers becoming products in, 121–123
data collection through, 116, 118
democracy threats with, 7, 18, 168–169
depression and anxiety in relation to, 148, 150
narcissism proliferation with, 146–147, 185
polarization fueled by, 115–116, 167–168
profits of, for companies, 150
solutions for combating ills of, 169–170
spatial equivalence of, 49. See also Facebook
social phase change, x–xi
adaptation historically to, 6, 7–8, 11, 14, 183–185
Agricultural Revolution and, 6, 11, 13, 14–15, 17, 21, 23–25, 26, 36–37, 134, 183–184
cultural lag with, 38, 181, 187
The Epic of Gilgamesh as illustration of, 24, 183–184, 185
governance rules and systems for historical, 27, 37–38, 182–183
governance rules and systems for present-day, 1–2, 6, 181, 183, 185–187, 189–195
government regulation increase with, 160–161, 193
Industrial Revolution outcomes from, 6, 11, 28–32, 183, 187–189
intelligent machines driving, 11
non-monetizable productivity with, 58–59
non-technological, 21–22, 26–28
physical phase change compared with, 8–9
with religions’ emergence, 27–28
social movements birthed from, 19
structural transformations in relation to, 8–9, 11, 21
substitutional equivalence driving, overview of, 14–17, 40–50
timeline/rates of change historically for, 6, 13, 17–18, 21, 25, 28, 36–37
timeline/rates of change for present-day, 3–4, 13, 17–18, 34, 37, 192–193
Social Progress Index, 68
Social Security Act, 152–153
spatial equivalence, 16–17, 42, 49, 136, 181
Stasavage, David, 163
steam engine, 29, 30, 31, 36, 51, 54, 182
Steep, Mike, 118
Strategy of Desire, The (Dichter), 135
Stripe, 78
structural transformations: of Agricultural Revolution, early, 23–24, 134
from climate change, 21–22
in financial industry, 10–11
idea- and belief-driven, 22, 26–28
of Industrial Revolution, 29, 160
with Internet creation, 136
in job market, 97–98, 163, 183
in media industry, 9–10, 11, 50, 65, 73, 98–99
non-technological, 21–22
social phase change in relation to, 8–9, 11, 21
substitutional equivalents’ role in, 41, 42–43, 44–45
substitutional equivalence: in Agricultural Revolution, 14–15
with artificial intelligence, 15–16, 45
Autonomous Revolution forms and examples of, 15–17, 42–50
bank robberies evolution example of, 39–40
business models and, 87–88, 103
in financial industry, 39–40, 41–42, 43, 45, 72
governance rules and systems impacted by, 18, 40–41, 181
in Industrial Revolution, 15
job loss due to, 47–49, 72–73, 98–99, 103
social phase changes driven by, 14–17, 40–50
structural transformation and role of, 41, 42–43, 44–45. See also information equivalence; intelligence equivalence; spatial equivalence
advertising revenues in relation to practices of, 89, 90, 120–123
retail sector, 117
smartphones’ role in, 115–116, 119. See also data tracking/collection
Sutton, Willie “the Actor,” 39, 40
Sweden, income equality in, 192
SWIFT system, 79–80
Swish, 82
Tarr, Joel, 54
taxes, 104, 160, 165, 190, 192, 193
technologies: adoption rate for, 22–23
benefits possible from, 4–5, 7, 14, 19
general-purpose, 22, 26–28, 29, 51–52. See also specific technologies and topics
telegraph, 33
telephone companies, 89–90
textile industry, 29–30, 33, 51
timeline/rates of change: Agricultural Revolution, 13, 17, 21, 25, 36–37, 193
for Autonomous Revolution, 13, 17–18, 34, 37, 192–193
for credit cards, 82
cultural lag outcomes with, 38
for early computer industry, 22–23, 55–56
Industrial Revolution, 13, 17–18, 21, 29, 37, 193
for neural networks, 45–47
of social phase change historically, 6, 13, 17–18, 21, 25, 28, 36–37
of social phase change present-day, 3–4, 13, 17–18, 34, 37, 192–193
for structural transformations, 9–10, 25
Torres y Quevedo, Leonardo, 45
Transportation Revolution, 31–32, 37, 107–109. See also automobile industry
Transportation Security Administration (TSA), 98, 124, 125
travel industry, 73, 103–104, 108
TSA. See Transportation Security Administration
Turing, Alan, 46
Turing Pharmaceuticals, 57–58
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 159
Twitter, 49, 142, 146–147, 168, 173
UBI. See universal basic income
unemployment rates, 1, 105, 106–107, 111
unions, labor, 30–31
United States (US): CIA, 119, 172
cybercrime and security response from, 175, 179
cyber weapons of, 172–173
government, history and evolution of, 159–161
income inequality in, 13, 31, 163–164, 191–192, 194
total household income for, 194
workers’ rights legislation in, 30–31, 160
universal basic income (UBI), 110–111, 192
urban environments. See cities/urban environments
US. See United States
Utopian ideals, 4–5, 19–20, 195
value systems, 12
citizen unity on and commitment to, 193–195
Vanguard, 77
vehicles. See automobile industry; autonomous vehicles
video industry, physical, 50, 65, 98–99
virtual corporations, 3–4, 7, 34, 50, 64–65, 89–92
virtualization: algorithmic prisons’ outcome with, 13, 114, 123–128
commercial trend of, 4, 71, 73
financial industry’s future of, 81–83, 102
job market impacted by, 71, 102, 103–105
of media industry, 9–10, 11, 50, 65, 73, 98–99
physical processes replaced by, 15
real-world experience impacted by, 16–17, 49–50
Virtually You (Aboujaoude), 147
virtual space: addiction to, 132–133, 136–146, 148–151
behavior manipulation in, 135–136
civil behavior in, 153–155, 184–185
dangers at intersection of physical and, 154–157
governance rules and systems of, 17, 92–93, 154, 168–170, 185–186
physical spaces and rules replaced by, 16–17, 133–136, 153–154, 170. See also gaming industry; social media/networking
virus/malware history, computer, 39–40, 172–173. See also cybercrime and security
Wanamaker, John, 120
Weizenbaum, Joseph, 46
welfare system alternatives, 110–111
Wells Fargo, 68–69
West, Geoffrey, 36
Whitney, Eli, 53
Winters, Jeffrey, 165
WorkFusion, 47–48
World of Warcraft, 140–144
world population. See population growth
writing systems, emergence of, 24, 25
Zangwill, Israel, 162–163
Zelle, 171–172
Zero Economic Value citizens (ZEVs), 12, 48–49
Zucked (McNamee), 149