- Copyright
- About the Author
- About the Technical Reviewer
- Acknowledgments
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Introducing Oracle Real Application Clusters
- 1.2. Examining the RAC Architecture
- 1.3. Deploying RAC
- 1.4. Clustering with Oracle on Linux
- 1.5. Running Linux on Oracle
- 1.6. Combining Oracle, Open Source, and Linux
- 1.7. Summary
- 2. RAC Concepts
- 2.1. Clustering Concepts
- 2.2. Exploring the Main RAC Concepts
- 2.2.1. Working with Cluster Nodes
- 2.2.2. Leveraging the Interconnect
- 2.2.3. Clusterware/Grid Infrastructure
- 2.2.4. Leveraging Automatic Storage Management
- 2.2.5. Installing Real Application Clusters
- 2.2.5.1. Sorting Through Your Installation Options
- 2.2.5.2. Choosing Between a Single Instance and a RAC Database
- 2.2.5.3. Working with Database Files
- 2.2.5.4. Storing Information in Control Files
- 2.2.5.5. Leveraging Online Redo Logs and Archiving
- 2.2.5.6. Managing Undo Tablespaces
- 2.2.5.7. Weighing Storage Options for RAC Databases
- 2.2.5.8. Drilling Down on a RAC Database Instance
- 2.2.6. Using the Global Resource Directory (GRD)
- 2.2.7. Transferring Data Between Instances with Cache Fusion
- 2.2.8. Achieving Read Consistency
- 2.2.9. Synchronizing System Change Numbers
- 2.3. Exploring the New Features of 11g Release 2
- 2.4. Summary
- 3. RAC Architecture
- 3.1. Availability Considerations
- 3.2. Failover Considerations
- 3.3. Scalability Considerations
- 3.4. Standby Databases
- 3.5. Oracle Streams
- 3.6. Cluster Topologies
- 3.7. Summary
- 4. Hardware
- 4.1. Oracle Availability
- 4.2. Server Processor Architecture
- 4.3. Memory
- 4.4. Additional Platform Features
- 4.5. Network Interconnect Technologies
- 4.6. Storage Technologies
- 4.7. Summary
- 5. Virtualization
- 6. Linux Installation and Configuration
- 6.1. Selecting the Right Linux Software
- 6.2. Reviewing the Hardware Requirements
- 6.3. Drilling Down on Networking Requirements
- 6.4. Downloading the Linux Software
- 6.5. Preparing for a Network Install
- 6.6. Installing Oracle Enterprise Linux 5
- 6.6.1. Starting the Installation
- 6.6.2. Installation Media Check
- 6.6.3. Anaconda Installation
- 6.6.4. Install or Upgrade
- 6.6.5. Disk Partitioning
- 6.6.6. Configuring the Boot Loader and Network
- 6.6.7. Selecting a Time Zone
- 6.6.8. Configuring the Root Password
- 6.6.9. Reviewing the Package Installation Defaults
- 6.6.10. Selecting a Package Group
- 6.6.11. Installing Packages
- 6.6.12. Setting the Final Configuration
- 6.6.13. Accepting the License Agreement
- 6.6.14. Configuring the Firewall
- 6.6.15. Configuring SELinux
- 6.6.16. Enabling kdump
- 6.6.17. Setting the Date and Time
- 6.6.18. Creating a User
- 6.6.19. Installing Additional CDs
- 6.7. Configuring Oracle Enterprise Linux 5
- 6.7.1. Configuring a Server with the Oracle Validated RPM
- 6.7.2. Verifying the Oracle Validated RPM Actions
- 6.7.2.1. Creating the Oracle User and Groups
- 6.7.2.2. Configuring Kernel Parameters
- 6.7.2.3. Working with Shared Memory
- 6.7.2.4. Using Semaphores
- 6.7.2.5. Setting Network Parameters
- 6.7.2.6. Message Queues
- 6.7.2.7. Setting the Number of Open Files
- 6.7.2.8. Configuring Asynchronous I/O
- 6.7.2.9. Using Magic SysRq Keys
- 6.7.2.10. Setting PAM Limits
- 6.7.2.11. Setting Kernel Boot Parameters
- 6.7.2.12. Setting Kernel Module Parameters
- 6.7.3. Post Oracle Validated RPM Configuration
- 6.7.3.1. Setting the Huge Pages Kernel Parameter
- 6.7.3.2. I/O Fencing and the Hangcheck-Timer Kernel Module
- 6.7.3.3. Configuring the oracle user
- 6.7.3.4. Creating the Oracle Software Directories
- 6.7.3.5. Setting Environment Variables
- 6.7.3.5.1. Setting the ORACLE_BASE Variable
- 6.7.3.5.2. Setting the ORACLE_HOME Variable
- 6.7.3.5.3. Configuring the ORACLE_SID Variable
- 6.7.3.5.4. Setting the ORA_CRS_HOME Variable
- 6.7.3.5.5. Setting NLS_LANG and ORA_NLS10
- 6.7.3.5.6. Configuring the TNS_ADMIN Variable
- 6.7.3.5.7. Setting the PATH Variable
- 6.7.3.5.8. Setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH Variable
- 6.7.3.5.9. Setting the JRE_HOME and CLASSPATH Variables
- 6.7.3.5.10. Configuring the ORACLE_PATH and SQLPATH Variables
- 6.7.3.5.11. Setting the DISPLAY Variable
- 6.7.3.5.12. Setting the TEMP and TMPDIR Paths
- 6.7.3.6. Putting Environment Variables to Work
- 6.7.4. Completing the Linux Configuration for RAC
- 6.7.5. Configuring Shared Storage
- 6.7.6. Discovering and Configuring SAN Disk
- 6.7.7. Network Channel Bonding
- 6.7.8. I/O Fencing with IPMI
- 6.8. Summary
- 7. Grid Infrastructure Installation
- 7.1. Getting Ready for Installation
- 7.2. Advanced Installation - Manual Configuration
- 7.2.1. Network Configuration
- 7.2.2. DNS Configuration
- 7.2.3. Choosing an Installation Option
- 7.2.4. Selecting an Advanced or Typical Installation Type
- 7.2.5. Selecting a Language
- 7.2.6. Configuring the Grid Plug and Play
- 7.2.7. Configuring the Cluster Node Information Page
- 7.2.8. Configuring the Network Interface Usage Page
- 7.2.9. Configuring the Storage Option Information Page
- 7.2.10. Creating an ASM Disk Group
- 7.2.11. Specifying an ASM Password
- 7.2.12. Specifying a Username and Password for IPMI
- 7.2.13. Configuring Privileged Operating System Groups
- 7.2.14. Setting the Installation Location
- 7.2.15. Specify the Central Inventory's Location
- 7.2.16. Performing Prerequisite Checks
- 7.2.17. Reviewing the Summary Page
- 7.2.18. Setup Page
- 7.2.19. Reviewing Execute Configuration Scripts
- 7.2.20. Monitoring Configuration Assistants
- 7.3. Implementing an Advanced Installation for Automatic Configuration
- 7.4. Typical Installation
- 7.5. Installing a Standalone Server
- 7.6. Deinstalling the Grid Infrastructure Software
- 7.7. Summary
- 8. Clusterware
- 8.1. Introducing Clusterware
- 8.2. Examining the Hardware and Software Requirements
- 8.3. Using Shared Storage with Oracle Clusterware
- 8.4. Using Background Processes
- 8.5. Managing Oracle Clusterware
- 8.5.1. Using the Enterprise Manager
- 8.5.2. Using the Clusterware Control Utility
- 8.5.3. Managing Resources with srvctl
- 8.5.4. Verifying the Cluster with the CVU
- 8.5.5. Configuring Network Interfaces with oifcfg
- 8.5.6. Administering the OCR and OLR with ocrconfig
- 8.5.7. Checking the State of the OCR and its Mirrors with ocrcheck
- 8.5.8. Dumping Contents of the OCR with ocrdump
- 8.6. Defining Server-Side Callouts
- 8.7. Protecting Applications with Clusterware
- 8.8. Using Oracle Restart
- 8.9. Troubleshooting
- 8.10. Patching Grid Infrastructure
- 8.11. Adding and Deleting Nodes
- 8.12. Exploring More Advanced Topics
- 8.13. Summary
- 9. Automatic Storage Management
- 9.1. Introducing ASM
- 9.2. ASM Installation
- 9.3. ASM Components and Concepts
- 9.4. Maintaining ASM
- 9.5. ASM Cluster File System
- 9.6. Administering ASM
- 9.7. Summary
- 10. RDBMS Installation and Configuration
- 10.1. Installing the RAC Software
- 10.1.1. Start the Installer
- 10.1.2. Configuring the Security Updates Page
- 10.1.3. Configuring the Installation Options Page
- 10.1.4. Configuring the Node Selection Page
- 10.1.5. Configuring the Product Language Selection Page
- 10.1.6. Configuring the Database Editions Page
- 10.1.7. Configuring the Installation Locations Page
- 10.1.8. Configuring the Privileged Operating Systems Group Page
- 10.1.9. Configuring the Prerequisites Check Page
- 10.1.10. Reviewing the Summary Page
- 10.1.11. Executing Configuration Scripts
- 10.2. Using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA)
- 10.2.1. Starting the DBCA and Choosing an Operation
- 10.2.2. Creating a Database
- 10.2.2.1. Configuring the Database Templates Page
- 10.2.2.2. Configuring the Database Identification Page (Admin-Managed)
- 10.2.2.3. Configuring the Database Identification Page (Policy-Managed)
- 10.2.2.4. Management Options Page
- 10.2.2.5. Database Credentials Page
- 10.2.2.6. Database File Locations Page
- 10.2.2.7. Setting up the Recovery Configuration Page
- 10.2.2.8. Configuring the Database Content Page
- 10.2.2.9. Configuring the Standard Database Components Page
- 10.2.2.10. Configuring the Initializations Parameters Page
- 10.2.2.11. Configuring the Database Storage Page
- 10.2.2.12. Configuring the Creation Options Page
- 10.2.3. Reviewing the Summary Page
- 10.2.4. Configuring the Database Options
- 10.2.5. Deleting a Database
- 10.2.6. Managing Templates
- 10.3. Building Database Creation Scripts
- 10.3.1. Setting up Admin-Managed Database Scripts
- 10.3.1.1. Executing the ADMIN1.sh Script
- 10.3.1.2. Creating the ADMIN1.sql Script
- 10.3.1.3. Generating the init.ora File
- 10.3.1.4. Executing the CreateDB.sql Script
- 10.3.1.5. Executing the CreateDBFiles.sql Script
- 10.3.1.6. Executing the CreateDBCatalog.sql Script
- 10.3.1.7. Executing the JServer.sql Script
- 10.3.1.8. Executing the xdb_protocol.sql Script
- 10.3.1.9. Executing the ordinst.sql Script
- 10.3.1.10. Executing the intermedia.sql Script
- 10.3.1.11. Executing the emRepository.sql Script
- 10.3.1.12. Executing the apex.sql Script
- 10.3.1.13. Executing the CreateClustDBViews.sql Script
- 10.3.1.14. Executing the lockAccount.sql Script
- 10.3.1.15. Executing the postDBCreation.sql Script
- 10.3.2. Building Policy-Managed Database Scripts
- 10.3.1. Setting up Admin-Managed Database Scripts
- 10.4. Deinstalling the RDBMS Software
- 10.5. Summary
- 10.1. Installing the RAC Software
- 11. Workload Management
- 11.1. Introducing Services
- 11.2. Managing Services
- 11.3. Balancing the Workload
- 11.4. Using the Resource Manager
- 11.5. Caging an Instance
- 11.6. Database Resident Connection Pool
- 11.7. Summary
- 12. Oracle Performance Monitoring
- 12.1. Enterprise Manager Database Control
- 12.2. AWR Reports
- 12.3. Interpreting the RAC Statistics of an AWR Report
- 12.3.1. Top 5 Timed Foreground Events
- 12.3.2. Global Cache Load Profile
- 12.3.3. Global Cache Efficiency Percentages
- 12.3.4. Global Cache and Enqueue Services - Workload Characteristics
- 12.3.5. Global Cache and Enqueue Services - Messaging Statistics
- 12.3.6. Cluster Interconnect
- 12.3.7. Foreground Wait Class
- 12.3.8. Wait Event Histogram
- 12.3.9. "SQL Statement" Sections
- 12.3.10. RAC-Related Segment Statistics
- 12.3.11. Dictionary Cache Stats (RAC)
- 12.3.12. Library Cache Activity (RAC)
- 12.3.13. Global Messaging Statistics
- 12.3.14. Global CR Served Statistics
- 12.3.15. Global Current Served Statistics
- 12.3.16. Global Cache Transfer Statistics
- 12.3.17. Interconnect Statistics
- 12.3.18. Dynamic Remastering Statistics
- 12.4. Active Session History
- 12.5. Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor
- 12.6. AWR SQL Report
- 12.7. Performance Monitoring Using SQL*Plus
- 12.8. Automatic Diagnostic Repository
- 12.9. Summary
- 13. Linux Performance Monitoring
- 14. Parallel Execution
- 14.1. Parallel Execution Concepts
- 14.2. Parallel Execution Configuration
- 14.2.1. cluster_interconnects
- 14.2.2. db_block_size, db_cache_size, and db_file_multiblock_read_count
- 14.2.3. instance_groups and parallel_instance_group
- 14.2.4. large_pool_size, parallel_execution_message_size, and shared_pool_size
- 14.2.5. parallel_adaptive_multi_user
- 14.2.6. parallel_automatic_tuning
- 14.2.7. parallel_degree_limit
- 14.2.8. parallel_degree_policy, parallel_min_time_threshold, and parallel_servers_target
- 14.2.9. parallel_force_local
- 14.2.10. parallel_io_cap_enabled
- 14.2.11. parallel_max_servers, parallel_min_servers, parallel_threads_per_cpu, and processes
- 14.2.12. parallel_min_percent
- 14.2.13. pga_aggregate_target
- 14.3. Parallel Execution Performance
- 14.4. Summary
- 15. Upgrading to Oracle 11g Release 2
- 15.1. Upgrading Grid Infrastructure Components
- 15.2. Upgrading RAC Software
- 15.3. Preparing for the Database Upgrade
- 15.4. Upgrading Automatically with DBUA
- 15.5. Upgrading a Database Manually
- 15.5.1. Preparing the Parameter Files
- 15.5.2. Preparing Password Files
- 15.5.3. Modifying the Initialization Parameters
- 15.5.4. Restarting the Database in UPGRADE Mode
- 15.5.5. Running the Catalog Upgrade Script
- 15.5.6. Configuring SPFILE
- 15.5.7. Running the post-Upgrade Status Tool
- 15.5.8. Running post-Upgrade Scripts
- 15.5.9. Recompiling Invalid Packages
- 15.5.10. Updating /etc/oratab
- 15.5.11. Updating Environment Variables
- 15.5.12. Updating the Oracle Cluster Registry
- 15.5.13. Setting the Initialization Parameters for the New Release
- 15.6. Performing the Necessary post-Upgrade Steps
- 15.7. Resolving Problems in Mixed-Database Environments
- 15.8. Using a Swing Kit
- 15.9. Summary
Prior to this position, Sandesh ran the Database Enterprise Manager BDE (Bugs Diagnostics and Escalations) organization within Oracle Support, which screens for defects that are raised with customer SRs. Sandesh has more than a decade of onsite and back-office expertise backed by an engineering degree in computer science from the University of Mumbai, India. He can also be found on Linkedin www.linkedin.com/pub/sandesh-rao/2/956/1b7).
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