About the Contributors

Ernest Adams holds a PhD in philosophy from Stanford University and is currently professor of philosophy at the University of California at Berkeley. He has authored numerous papers on probabilistic aspects of logic, foundations of measurement, foundations of physical geometry and topology, and aspects of psychophysics. He has also written one book, The Logic of Conditionals: an Application of Probability to Deductive Logic, and is currently completing another, Archeological Typology and Practical Reality, co-authored with his brother, William Y. Adams, professor of anthropology at the University of Kentucky, Lexington.

Wolfgang Balzer is a pupil of K. Schuette and W. Stegmüller. Since 1984 he has been professor of logic and philosophy of science at the University of Munich. He has worked mainly in philosophy of science, and has been an active contributor to the “structuralist” approach in the philosophy of science. He has published books on empirical theories (Empirische Theorien, 1982), and on measurement (Theorie und Messung, 1985), and is co-author of An Architectonic for Science (Dordrecht, 1987, together with C. U. Moulines and J. D. Sneed). In numerous papers he has dealt with the structure of science, theoreticity, incommensurability, invariance, measurement, and reference, among other topics. In addition to many case studies in physics, economics, sociology, genetics, and theory of literature, he has proposed a sociological theory of institutions.

Karel Berka is a member of the Institute for Philosophy and Sociology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. He is the editor of the journal Teorie Rozvoje Vedy and the author of Measurement (Reidel, 1983).

John P. Burgess has been a member of the philosophy department at Princeton University since shortly after receiving his doctorate in logic and methodology from the University of California at Berkeley. He has worked in many areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, and more recently in philosophy of mathematics, and is a frequent contributor to anthologies and journals, as well as an editor of the Journal of Symbolic Logic and the Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic.

Zoltan Domotor is professor of philosophy and a member of the Cognitive Science Group at the University of Pennsylvania. His research interests are in philosophy of science, applied logic, and foundations of probability. He has written extensively on topics in measurement theory, philosophy of space and time, foundations of quantum mechanics, foundations of probability and decision, and cognitive science. He has recently completed a monograph entitled Structure and Dynamics of Probabilistic Knowledge.

Brian Ellis is Foundation Professor of Philosophy at La Trobe University and editor of the Australian Journal of Philosophy. He is the author of books on measurement and on the theory of rational belief, and of numerous papers in philosophy of science and other areas of philosophy. Professor Ellis was a visiting professor of philosophy at the Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science in 1972.

Philip Ehrlich is a member of the philosophy department at Brown University. His research interests are in logic, the philosophy of physics, and the philosophy of mathematics; and his writings have appeared in mathematics, physics, and philosophy journals.

Arnold Koslow is professor of philosophy at the Graduate Center, CUNY, and Brooklyn College. His interests are in the history and philosophy of science, logic, and philosophy of language. He has written on Newton, scientific inference, the concept of mass, and inertia, measurement, and space and time in various journals. He has published an anthology on symmetry and conservation (The Changeless Order, Braziller), and his book on the foundations of logic (A Structuralist Theory of Logic, Cambridge) is soon to be published. He is currently at work on a book on laws of nature and laws of theories.

Henry E. Kyburg, Jr. is Burbank Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and also professor of computer science at the University of Rochester. He has had appointments in mathematics (Wesleyan University) as well as in philosophy. He is the author or editor of over a dozen books, and the author or co-author of more than 100 articles in journals whose subject matter ranges across statistics, mathematics, philosophy, and computer science. He is best known as the inventor of “the lottery paradox,” discussed in his first book, Probability and the Logic of Rational Belief. He is currently active in both philosophy and artificial intelligence as a specialist in the measurement and use of uncertainty. His most recent book is Science and Reason (Oxford, 1991).

R. Duncan Luce was educated at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in aeronautical engineering (BS, 1945), and mathematics (PhD, 1950). He switched to mathematical psychology and has held positions at Columbia, Pennsylvania, Harvard (Victor S. Thomas Professor of Psychology, emeritus) and University of California, Irvine (Distinguished Professor of Cognitive Sciences). He is co-author of 7 books, editor or co-editor of 9 volumes, and author of more than 160 papers. His honors include membership in the National Academy of Sciences and a Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award of the American Psychological Association.

Louis Narens is professor of psychology at the University of California, Irvine. He is the author of Abstract Measurement Theory (MIT Press, 1985) and a number of papers in measurement theory.

C. Wade Savage received his MA from the University of Iowa and his PhD from Cornell University. He has been a member of the faculty of the University of Minnesota since 1971, where he is a professor in the Department of Philosophy and a member and former director of the Center for Philosophy of Science. He is the author of The Measurement of Sensation and editor of several volumes in the series Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science.

Patrick Suppes is currently Lucie Stern Professor at Stanford University, where he has been on the faculty since 1950. He is the author of numerous books and articles on the foundations of measurement, probability, and learning theory.

Mario Zanotti began his university education at the University of Turin, and later studied engineering and statistics at Stanford University. While at Stanford, he was a research associate at the Institute of Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, with research interests in foundations and applications of probability. He is currently with the Computer Curriculum Corporation.

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